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博碩士論文 etd-0130108-015901 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0130108-015901
論文名稱
Title
以全域概念思考之感測網路叢集研究
Global-fit Clustering for Sensor Network
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
56
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2007-07-18
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2008-01-30
關鍵字
Keywords
無線感測網路、叢集法、網路壽命、能源有效利用
wireless sensor network, clustering methods, network lifetime, energy efficiency
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5907 times, has been downloaded 30 times.
中文摘要
無線感測網路(Wireless Sensor Network;WSN)或稱感測網路,是一種由微型感測器所構成的網路,它擁有體積小、價格便宜的優點,但是運算能力與運作時間極為有限。
WSN可以用來感測如氣溫、地震、生物活動、及大氣壓力等事件。由於無線傳輸的特性,WSN可以快速的部署並且輕易地建構,不過WSN的運作時間深受到本身電池供電的限制。WSN運作中最耗能的是將感應資料回傳基地台,因此如何有效率地回送資料便成為延長網路運作時間的關鍵。目前有許多關於WSN運作時間最佳化的路由協定被提出,其中叢集(Clustering)是對於能源利用有效的方式。
叢集路由將鄰近節點歸為同組,在同組中選舉出適合的cluster-head加以彙集同組中感測的資料再回傳基地台。因此叢集議題中最重要的是如何選擇cluster-head。一般叢集方法皆以機率的方式自動產生cluster-head,一般節點選擇叢集時亦以距離為唯一考量。本研究提出的GFEE(Global-fit and Energy-Efficient)提出Global-fit的概念,也就是以整體感測網路運作時間為考量。GFEE不單以機率與輪流擔任cluster-head為考量依據,在選舉cluster-head時加上殘餘電量。對於其他節點選擇加入叢集時的考量除距離之外,亦考慮資料回送至基地台時整體的傳輸消耗,至於電力接近耗盡之節點,則提供保護機制。經由實驗證實,GFEE可以有效延長運作時間,並且在感測網路範圍較廣與較多遠距離傳輸時更顯著。
Abstract
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is composed of micro sensor nodes and it represents that they are small in size and cheap in cost but own limited capacity of computation and operation time. WSN is used to detect and sense events like temperature, earthquake, creature activities, atmospheric pressure and so on.
By the property of wireless data transmission, WSN can be rapidly deployed and easily built up. In other hand, lifetime of WSN has been constrained by the batteries built in each sensor node. To transmit sensed data back to the base station spends the most energy for the WSN, and thus how to operate efficiently will be the key to extend the operating time of the WSN. There are a lot of related researches that proposed many routing protocols to maximize WSN lifetime and clustering is a proven routing protocol for WSN energy efficiency.
The clustering method group nearby nodes together and choose one of them as a cluster-head that will transmit data back. The most important issue of clustering method is to choose which as a cluster-head. Usually, cluster-head will be chosen by probability and normal nodes will choose their own cluster-head by distance. Global-fit and Energy-Efficient (GFEE) algorithm, which is based on global-fit concept, is proposed to enhance lifetime of WSN. GFEE not only chooses cluster-head by probability and taking turns, but also bases on residual energy. All other nodes choose their cluster-head by distance and total energy consumption. Nodes with low power should be protected by some mechanisms. Experiments approved GFEE, especially in the situations of nodes widely spread or long distance transmission.
目次 Table of Contents
1.緒論
1.1研究背景
1.2感測器與感測網路的性質
1.3研究動機
2.文獻探討
2.1感應網路相關研究與文獻
2.2感應網路動態叢集文獻探討
3.GFEE演算法
3.1系統架構與符號定義
3.2演算法系統架構
4.實驗設計與驗證
4.1模擬環境
4.2實驗假設與參數定義
4.3能源模型
4.4實驗流程
5.實驗環境與結果
5.1效能指標與參數設定
5.2回合時間間隔對於效能的影響
5.2.2.LEACH演算法對於不同回合時間的變化
5.3不同節點數目與部署範圍對於WSN運作時間效能的影響
5.4事件產生地點不定對於WSN運作時間效能的影響
6.結論與未來展望
6.1結論
6.2未來展望
References
參考文獻 References
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