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博碩士論文 etd-0524111-105508 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0524111-105508
論文名稱
Title
從「所欲」朝向「所為」─機會導向的「創業意圖-行動模式」
From “To Be” toward “To Act”: An Opportunity-Based “Entrepreneurial Intention-Action Model”
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
201
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2011-05-09
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2011-05-24
關鍵字
Keywords
創業意圖-行動模式、新生活動、創業機會、創業意圖、意圖導向模式
intention-based model, intention-action model, nascent activities, entrepreneurial opportunity, entrepreneurial intention
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5830 times, has been downloaded 11 times.
中文摘要
創業意圖或許是創業認知研究中成長最快的支流,此種意圖導向模式嘗試回答並預測為何一個人會決定想成為創業者?然而,前端的意圖前置因素、排除對創業機會的評估,以及後端缺乏新生活動等限制,引發本研究旨趣。在創業機會的視角下,本研究倡議新的典範應能解答以下的問題意識:在進入實施階段之後,那些主要因素會影響新生創業者的創業意圖?而且,他們為何會努力行動以試圖達成創業的目標?據此,在計畫行為理論的基礎下,本研究聚焦於新生創業者,試圖探詢現有意圖導向模式的典範中,創業機會以及新生活動的角色為何?以及如何創造一個兼具預測與解釋能力的「創業意圖-行動模式」?
在參與政府補助的創業計畫之學員中,樣本對象乃是選擇已經擁有創業機會的新生創業者。本研究在刪除缺乏機會與遺漏值資料後,共搜集了207份有效問卷,之後補充19位來自參與觀察或深度訪談的質化資料;經由此種多元方法,研究結果展示了進入實施階段後,新生創業者對於其創業機會的態度、創業自我效能以及社會規範,乃是影響其創業意圖的主要因素;而此創業意圖與創業自我效能,將是主導新生創業者之所以努力行動以試圖達成創業目標的原因。
最後,本研究所辨識出的兩種研究取向:「所欲 (To Be)」與「所為 (To Act)」,尤其是基於後者所形成的機會導向之「創業意圖-行動模式」,將有助於此研究領域的解釋與預測能力。對於創業政策的利害關係人而言,如何促進新生創業者對於創業機會的態度,以及進一步採取行動的激發,將是未來重要的挑戰議題。
Abstract
Entrepreneurial intention has become perhaps the fastest growing line in entrepreneurship cognition research. Such inquiries of intention-based models generally focus on answering and predicting why an individual makes his/her decision to be an entrepreneur. However, a few limitations inspired the researcher, such as the antecedents of intentions and opportunity evaluation in front-end factors and nascent activities in back-end factors, which were excluded in past studies. In terms of entrepreneurship opportunities, this research suggests that the new paradigm could answer the following questions: Firstly, what are the main factors that influence the intentions of nascent entrepreneurs after entering the implementation stage? Secondly, why do they strive for entrepreneurial goals by means of various actions? Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the research focuses on nascent entrepreneurs, examining the roles of concrete entrepreneurial opportunities and nascent activities in an existing intention-based model. How can an intention-action model with both predicting and explaining abilities be created?
The sample poll was from the participants of an entrepreneurship plan financially sponsored by the Taiwan government. This work confirmed that the voluntary sample was consistent with nascent entrepreneurs and was opportunity-based. Deleting those lacking opportunities or with missing data resulted in 207 usable responses, and then, the qualitative research of 19 participants from participant observation or in-depth interviews was conducted. By way of such a multimethod analysis, the results show that the “attitude toward entrepreneurial opportunity,” entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and perceived social norms are the main factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions. Besides, intentions and entrepreneurial self-efficacy dominate and influence the nascent entrepreneurs’ activities to reach the entrepreneurial goals.
Finally, this research identifies two research approaches: one is “To Be” and the other is “To Act.” The latter forms a more explaining and predictable opportunity-based “entrepreneurial intention-action model.” The stakeholders of entrepreneurial policy will face the challenges of how to improve the “attitude toward entrepreneurial opportunity” and how to inspire the further actions of nascent entrepreneurs.
目次 Table of Contents
第一章 緒論 ------------------------------------------------------ 1
第一節 研究背景 ----------------------------------------------- 1
第二節 研究動機 ----------------------------------------------- 6
第三節 研究目的與問題 ------------------------------------- 11
第四節 研究範疇 ---------------------------------------------- 12
第五節 研究方法取向 ---------------------------------------- 16
第六節 研究流程 ---------------------------------------------- 18

第二章 文獻回顧 ---------------------------------------------- 21
第一節 計畫行為理論 ---------------------------------------- 22
第二節 學生樣本的研究限制 ------------------------------- 26
第三節 創業機會在傳統典範中的角色 ------------------- 28
第四節 新生活動在傳統典範中的角色 ------------------- 40
第五節 小結 ---------------------------------------------------- 44

第三章 理論與假說 ------------------------------------------- 45
第一節 「所欲」(To Be) 與「所為」(To Act) 兩種研究取向 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 45
第二節 研究架構與假說推論 ------------------------------- 49

第四章 研究方法 ---------------------------------------------- 55
第一節 多元方法 ---------------------------------------------- 55
第二節 研究一:量化研究 ---------------------------------- 58
第三節 研究一:質化研究 ---------------------------------- 69
第五章 研究結果與討論 ------------------------------------- 76
第一節 研究一:量化研究的結果與討論 ---------------- 76
第二節 研究二:質化研究的結果與討論 ---------------- 87
第三節 量化研究與質化研究的綜合討論 -------------- 136

第六章 結論與建議 ----------------------------------------- 141
第一節 發現「失落的一角」:朝向機會導向的意圖前置因素 ------------------------------------------------------------- 143
第二節 填補「實施的斷裂」:朝向意圖-新生活動之間的關係 ---------------------------------------------------------- 147
第三節 建構「完整的圖像」:從「所欲」朝向「所為」 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 152
第四節 研究限制與未來研究 ---------------------------- 157
第五節 總結 ------------------------------------------------- 160

參考文獻 ------------------------------------------------------- 162
附錄一 研究問卷 --------------------------------------------- 177
附錄二 訪談大綱與逐字稿範例 --------------------------- 180
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