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博碩士論文 etd-0627107-173640 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0627107-173640
論文名稱
Title
台灣中小企業跨國經營競爭優勢之研究-以傳統金屬加工產業為例
The research of Taiwan small and medium enterprise competitive advantage on transnational business – An empirical study of traditional metal processing industries.
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
99
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2007-06-11
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2007-06-27
關鍵字
Keywords
金屬加工、傳統產業、中小企業、跨國經營、競爭優勢
Metal processing industry, Competitive advantage, Small and medium enterprise, Traditional industry, Transnational management
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
台灣經濟發展以中小企業為主體,自1980年代以來,台灣中小企業即扮演著引領台灣產業全球化發展的重要角色,繼而繁衍、茁壯成長,形成綿密互濟的產業結構。然而,在全球企業併購以及企業大型化的趨勢下,中小企業以往經營的方式已然面臨強大的升級與轉型挑戰;尤其是傳統的金屬加工產業。目前中國大陸地區已成為全球的生產製造工廠及位於亞洲的國際投資重心,而兩岸又於2002年同時加入WTO,台灣金屬加工製造業在全球市場面臨中國大陸嚴重的成本競爭及歐美品牌優勢的夾擊,台灣這些傳統製造業如何因應生存之道相當重要。在各項產業全球化風潮和WTO的新架構之下,台灣金屬加工業應如何掌握自身跨國競爭優勢,以求因應並衍生出新的全球發展佈局與營運策略,再創以小搏大的佳績,乃是本研究所關心的重要議題。
台灣中小企業在全球化經營的過程中,首先面臨的即是資源不足,尤其是在長期為歐、美、日等各國代工的經營環境下再獨力進入異國市場更是寸步難行。本研究採質性研究之精神,而使用個案研究法做為研究的理論基礎;邀請台灣南部二家金屬加工製造業主及該企業數位有參與跨國投資、策略規劃、執行及跨國管理等經驗的專業經理人做為訪談對象;經訪談結果資料分析及參研相關文獻後,本研究以跨國經營優勢之主題,作為台灣中小企業追求最大經營綜效為核心目標,其中包括組織結構、融資互助、產業發展、技術創新、中外競合及策略聯盟等優勢策略之研判,均需有周延之思考架構及分析。
當面對新興市場開放及新開發國家加入全球競爭且詭諊多變的險峻局勢,本研究參考跨國企業的投資佈局與管理經驗,可以使台灣眾多傳統產業以及中小企業有一宏觀全球經營策略的參考概念外,市場區域經濟的形成與貿易競爭更直接攸關眾多台灣中小企業的未來,尤其當中國大陸國家型經濟計畫全力推展外貿並逐漸提升技術、品質之際,台灣中小型企業必須面對全球化潮流與跨國經營挑戰所擬訂因應策略將更顯關鍵。
Abstract
Since the early 1980, the economic development of Taiwan has mainly relied on the small and medium-sized businesses that steadily play the important roles in leading the development of globalization of Taiwan industries. However, under the trend of mergers and acquisitions between businesses and grandization of the enterprises, the operation of the small and medium-sized businesses has faced a tough challenge and competition from foreign businesses, especially the traditional metal processing industry, which forces the small and medium-sized businesses have to upgrade and transform themselves. Currently China has already become the global manufacturing plant and the international investment center in Asia. In 2002, Taiwan and China joined WTO at the same time; Taiwan metal processing manufacturing industry faces the serious cost competition from China and pincer attack of American-European brand advantage in global markets. Under this difficult situation, it is very important for Taiwan traditional manufacturing industries to find out the better way to survive in the competitive environment. For example, the metal processing manufacturers in Taiwan are facing tough competitions from foreign businesses in a bidding war for opportunity to do business in China. Is it important for Taiwan's economy that the small and medium-sized businesses can compete against those foreign competitors? The Taiwanese small and medium-sized companies must join force and work together to compete and stay competitive in global industries.
Under the new structure of WTO and the agitation for industry globalization, it is important for Taiwan's metal processing industry to do research and come up with a solution to be more competitive in the international market so as to grasp its own transnational competition advantage. The relevant research institutes in Taiwan should make this issue a top priority since Taiwan resources are very limited compared to other countries like Europe, the United States and Japan. They must work together in all aspects of business and share with each other their resources and knowledge to stay competitive in the current situation. This research adopts the theoretical foundation approach and real cases study. Aiming to Taiwan's metal processing industry, I invited two top managers for the metal processing companies in south Taiwan to have deep discussion on the problems they have been facing. Through the interviews with the two managers, I learn their business plans on transnational investments, experiences in tactics planning and transnational management…etc., by which this research will focus on the study of the advantage of transnational investment that would become the core target for the small and medium-sized businesses to create synergy. The points of the main theme include institutional framework, financing, industry development, technological innovation, and competition between China and foreign countries on the study and judgment upon advantage tactics, such as shutting and strategic alliance.
Under the changeable situation that several new developing markets are open, and that the newly-developed countries join the global competition, this research consults the transnational enterprises about their overall arrangement of investment and experiences of management to make Taiwan numerous traditional industries and the small and medium-sized business have macroscopically global vision of management tactics. The forming of the market regional economy and trade competition directly influences the future fortune of numerous small and medium-sized enterprises in Taiwan. Taiwan small and medium-sized businesses must gradually adjust themselves to globalization trend and make corresponding strategies for it while Mainland China is positively expanding international trade and improving technology and quality through national economy projects.
目次 Table of Contents
目錄
國立中山大學研究生學位論文審定書.............................................………… i
論文提要..................................………………................……........................... ii
中文摘要..................................………………......................……..................... iii
Abstract..................................………………...............................………........... v
致謝詞..................................………………..........................................………. vi
目錄..................................………………............................................…………vii
表目錄..................................………………............................................……… ix
圖目錄..................................………………............................................……… x
第一章 緒論..................................……………….............................................. 1
第一節 研究背景與動機.....................…………….................................. 1
第二節 研究目的..................................................……………................. 2
第三節 研究範圍...................................................................…………… 3
第四節 研究架構..................................................................……………. 4
第二章 文獻探討.......................................................................………………. 5
第一節 企業競爭優勢........................................................……………... 5
第二節 跨國管理動機及挑戰..............................................……..……...13
第三節 中小企業國際化.......................................................……………16
第四節 台灣中小企業發展機制...........................................……………20
第五節 鑽石體系模型..........................................................…………….28
第三章 研究方法與研究設計...................................................……………….31
第一節 研究方法...............................................……............……………31
第二節 個案研究流程................................……..................…………….32
第三節 研究設計.................................................................……………..33


第四章 研究結果分析與探討...................................................……………….34
第一節 個案研究一:S公司跨國經營競爭優勢之研究...…………….34
第二節 個案研究二:A公司跨國經營競爭優勢之研究...…………….55
第三節 參考案例:世界第一的螺絲集團..........................……………..68
第四節 跨個案分析及探討.................................................................…...74
第五章 結論與建議....................................................................……………….77
第一節 研究結論…………...............................................……………….77
一、中小企業跨國經營成功因素探討...........................………......77
二、台灣金屬加工業跨國經營競爭優勢架構................………….79
第二節 研究貢獻....................................................................……………82
第三節 建議-台灣中小型傳統企業跨國經營的建議..........…………….83
參考文獻.......................................................................................……………….84
ㄧ、中文部份.............................................................…………..................84
二、英文部分.............................................................................…………..85
三、網站部分...............................................................................…………86
附錄.......................................................................................……………….……87
附錄一、訪談跨國企業經理人之提問問題......................……………….…….87
附錄二、產業關鍵成功因素調查表....................................……………….…...88
參考文獻 References
參考文獻
ㄧ 、中文部份
1. 方至民,企業競爭優勢, 前程企管出版,2000。
2. 周添城、林志誠,台灣中小企業的發展機制,聯經出版,1996。
3. 鄭祥麟,從產業生態學觀點分析中小企業國際化行為-以越南台商為例,中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文,2000。
4. 呂永峰,大陸台商中小企業經營成長策略因素之探討-以浙江台商為例,中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文,2003。
5. 司徒達賢(2000),「我國中小型企業升級問題及對策」,《經濟情勢暨評論》,2000年3月,經濟部。
6. 李宗哲(1999),「大陸投資與中小企業發展」,《經濟前瞻》,1999年7月,中華經濟研究院。
7. 宋建明(2000),「中國中小企業的現狀與未來」,江海學刊,第四期。
8. 杜巧霞、王文娟、杜英儀、黃光昇、黃慧華(1999),《加入WTO對中小企業之影響與因應策略研究》,經濟部中小企業處委託研究,中華經濟研究院。
9. 承立平(2000),《跨世紀中小企業之願景》,經濟部中小企業處委託,中華經濟研究院。
10. 承立平、王思粵(2001),《海峽兩岸中小企業創業與成長環境之比較研究》,經濟部中小企業處委託,中華經濟研究院。
11. 承立平(2000),「前瞻科技發展與中小企業的跨世紀因應」,《經濟前瞻》,69號,中華經濟研究院,台北。
12. 吳惠林、周添城、林純瓊(1988),《台灣中小企業行業別發展方向》,中華經濟研究院。
13. 吳迎春等(2001),《從台灣起飛》,天下文化出版,台北。
14. 波特著,李明軒、邱如美合譯(1999)《競爭優勢》(上、下冊),天下文化出版,台北。
15. 張永生(2000年12月15日),「我國中小企業發展的幾個問題」,國務院發展研究中心。
16. 經濟部中小企業處,《中小企業白皮書》,歷年。
17. 黎昌意(1999),「跨世紀產業競爭環境中我國中小企業因應之道—專訪中小企業處處長黎昌意」,《台灣經濟研究月刊》,1999年7月,台北,台灣經濟研究院。
18. Amidon, Debra M.著,金周英、田克錄、侯世昌、陳勁等譯(2001),《知識經濟的創新策略》,知書房,台北。
二、英文部分
1. Gariner, G.H., “Context and Decision Making Autonomy in Foreign Affiliates of U.S. Multinational Corporations”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol.25, No. 4, 1982.
2. Poter, M.E., “Competitive Advantage”, NY: Free Press, 1985.
3. Porter, M.E. “What is Strategy?”, Harvard Business Review, Vol.74, No.6, PP.61-78, 1996.
4. Porter, M.E. “From Competitive Advantage to Corporate Strategy”, Harvard Business Review, Vol.65, No.3, PP.43-59, 1987.
5. Bartlett & Ghoshal “Transnational Management”McGraw-Hill
6. Hsu, Mu-Lan et al. (2001), Revival, Small and Medium Enterprise Administration, MOEA, Taipei.
7. Levitt, Theodore, “The Globalization of Markets,” Harvard Business Review, May-June 1983, pp.92-102.
8. Ohmae, Kenichi, The Borderless World: Power and Strategy in the Interlinked Economy, New York: Harper Business, 1990.
9. Porter, Michael E. (1990), The Competitive Advantage of Nations, New York.
10. Untited Nations (2001), World Investment Report 2001: Promoting Linkages Conference on Trade and Development, United Nations, New York and Geneva.
11. Untited Nations Conference on Trade and Development(2001), World Investment Report 2001: Promoting Linkages, United Nations.
12. Yip, George S., Total Global Strategy: for Worldwide Competitive Advantage, Prentice Hall Inc., 1995.
三、網站資料
1. 加入WTO對我國產業影響評估及因應對策總報告,http://www.cepd.gov.tw/service/eco/eco0.htm
2. 我國加入WTO對產業之影響與因應措施,工業局WTO簡報.ppt http://www.trade.gov.tw/whatnew/WTO/200111/901102
3. WORLD INVESTMENT REPORT 2001,
http://www.unctad.org/wir/contents/wir01content.en.htm
4. 我國外貿分析、兩岸經貿及WTO相關議題,國貿局網站,http://www.trade.gov.tw/data1/search.htm
5. 對外投資與貿易統計相關資料,經濟部統計處所匯整之統計資料,http://www.moea.gov.tw/~meco/stat/four/index104.htm
6. 聯合國貿易暨發展委員會,http://www.unctad.org/en/
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