在全球化與知識經濟潮流的衝擊下，世界變動加速，提升國家競爭力已經是各國一致的努力目標。政府效能是決定國家競爭力的重要關鍵之ㄧ，創新變革則是提升政府效能的主要驅動力。政府機關如欲在行政效能上追求創新變革，應以激勵公務人員的創新行為為起點，並從強化其服務熱忱與創新精神的面向著手，以促進政府效能，進而提升國家競爭力。

本研究試圖從工作設計（偏重知識特徵面向）的角度探討公部門員工之創新行為，同時探討自我效能感在知識特徵與創新行為關係間所扮演的角色。為達上述目的，本研究以高雄市東、西區稅捐稽徵處為研究對象，成功地訪問了 410 位第一線稅務工作者，藉由描述性統計分析、項目分析、信效度分析、因素分析、相關分析與階層迴歸分析之統計分析方法，了解研究變項之現況關係及驗證研究假設。

研究發現，知識特徵對自我效能與員工創新行為有正向的影響；此外，自我效能對員工創新行為有正向的影響，且其在知識特徵與員工創新行為的關係間具有中介效果。本研究並依據研究結論提出若干建議與與未來之研究方向，以供稅務實務界與學術界參考。

Accompanying the impact of globalization and knowledge economy, the world is changing rapidly. Therefore, many countries make effort to improve national competitiveness to decrease the impact of globalization and knowledge economy. Prior studies have found that government efficiency is the critical factor in determining national competitiveness, and innovation plays an important role in promoting government efficiency. Therefore, innovation of government has been seen as the first step in improving national competitiveness. In order to improve the innovation of government, government administrators should encourage the innovation behavior of public sector employees, and strengthen employees’ service enthusiasm as well as spirit of innovation. However, few studies have explored the determinants of public sector employees’ innovation behavior. We address this research gap by investigating the effect of knowledge characteristics from the viewpoint of work design on tax workers’ innovativeness. Moreover, we also explore the mediation effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between knowledge characteristics and tax workers’ innovativeness.

We draw on data from Revenue Service East and West District Office in Kaohsiung city, and a total of 410 usable and complete questionnaires were received. Our results reveal that knowledge characteristics have positive effect on self-efficacy and tax workers’ innovativeness. Additionally, self-efficacy has positive effect on tax workers’ innovativeness. Finally, self-efficacy has mediation effect in the relationship between knowledge characteristics and innovativeness. These findings hold several suggestions and practical implications.

論文審定書 i
摘 要 ii
Abstract iii
目 錄 iv
圖 次 vi
表 次 vii
第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的及研究問題 6
第三節 研究流程 7
第四節 研究範圍與限制 8
第貳章 文獻探討 10
第一節 工作特徵與工作設計 10
一、工作特徵之意涵與理 10
二、工作設計理論與廣義工作設計模式 21
三、稅務機關工作特徵 31
第二節 自我效能 39
第三節 創新行為 49
第四節 假設推論 57
第參章 研究設計與實施 61
第一節 研究架構 61
第二節 研究方法 62
第三節 問卷調查 62
第四節 資料處理 74
第肆章 結果分析與討論 76
第一節 樣本統計之描述分析 76
第二節 信度分析 78
第三節 研究變項現況與相關分析 79
第四節 階層迴歸分析 86
第伍章 結論與建議 92
第一節 研究結論 92
第二節 管理意涵 95
第三節 研究建議 100
參考文獻 101
一、中文文獻 101
二、英文文獻 104
附錄一　知識特徵訪談表 114
附錄二　問卷 115

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