當企業永續發展作為越來越受到各界的關注，無論是在管理學術上或是企業實務中，一個相當需要解答的問題則是：越來越多的企業為什麼以及如何投入企業社會責任的投資，特別是在當今全球化的經濟環境中。本研究透過資源基礎理論和體制理論，並融入國際企業、利害關係人與企業社會責任相關理論，系統性地分析與實證跨國企業子公司永續發展作為的前因和後果。整合兩階段的實證研究，包括質化探索性的和量化實證性的研究，本研究找出並驗證了在跨國企業子公司的企業內部管理因素和外部體制因素，共同影響跨國企業公司子公司永續發展的資源、文化和能耐，而此些因素亦共同有助於整個跨國企業於當今複雜與動態的全球經營環境中持續性地經營與發展。最後，本研究蒐集114個跨國企業子公司為研究樣本，透過結構方程模型分析方法，驗證了整合性的架構，說明跨國企業子公司如何透過內部管理機制和程序，有效管理多元利害關係人的需求以及不同地方的體制環境壓力，獲得持續持的競爭優勢。本研究最後的結果在利害關係人與企業社會責任等相關理論上提供了更好的解釋，說明了企業社會責任與企業績效之間的中間機制。此外，本研究透過結合資源基礎和體制理論此兩理論觀點，從理論和實證上更進一步說明，跨國企業如何透過其子公司主動性與策略性的社會責任管理機制、並且納入地方體制因素的考量，發展出企業獨特的與持續性的競爭優勢。結合上述，本研究因此可以在相關理論發展和企業實務作法上，提供有意義的見解與貢獻。

The increased attention to multinational companies’ (MNC) sustainability in both academic and practitioner realms has raised an important question of why more and more firms behave in a socially responsible manner, especially in today’s global economy. Drawing upon RBV and institutional theory incorporating theoretical insights from international business and stakeholder or CSR-related theories, this research was conducted in an attempt to offer a systematic analysis on antecedents and consequences of MNC subsidiaries’ sustainability conducts. Combining the results of preliminary qualitative and empirical quantitative studies, this research identified the internal factors within MNC and external institutional factors outside of MNC that influence subsidiary’ resources and capabilities developments for sustainable developments, and that in turn collectively contribute to MNC’s sustainability in modern complex, dynamic global economy. With the sample of 114 MNCs’ subsidiaries, this research used SEM (structural equation modeling) technique to test an integrated framework addressing how the diverse stakeholder demands and institutional pressures facing MNCs can be managed through internal mechanisms and processes to gain sustainable competitive advantages. Findings of this research offered better explanation for the widely debated relationships between CSR and firm performance from CSR theorists. Furthermore, by integrating RBV and institutional theory, this research theoretically and empirically demonstrated the way MNCs develop firm-specific advantages and country-specific advantages through their proactive CSR management conducted by subsidiaries, and hence provided theoretical and practical insights in international management.

ABSTRACT…………………..............................................1
1 INTRODUCTION………………….................................2
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND….................................2
1.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES………….........................4
1.3 RESEARCH PROCEDURES ....................................5
2 LITERATURE REVIEW& BUILDING THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK......................................................................7
2.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND…………………....7
2.2 SUBSIDIARY SUSTAINABILITY- STAKEHOLDER RELATIONAL CAPITAL, SUSTAINABLE CAPABILITIES AND SUBSIDIARY PERFORMANCE: STAKEHOLDER PERSPECTIVE…………………….................................14
2.3 INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND SUBSIDIARY SUSTAINABILITY:
AN INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE……….................28
2.4 CORPORATE SOCIAL CULTURE AND SUBSIDIARY SUSTAINABILITY: RBV PERSPECITVE ................................................................32
2.5 STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS, CORPORATE SOCIAL
CULTURE AND SUBSIDIARY SUSTAINABILITY: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
AND RBV…………...........................................................37
2.6 A COMBINATION OF STAKEHOLDER RBV & INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVES………… ……......53
3 METHODOLOGY…………………............................57
3.1 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK………………......57
3.2 HYPOTHESES………………………………….....59
3.3 MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENT………….72
3.4 PRELIMINARY RESEARCH- CASE STUDIES..73
3.5 SAMPLING………....................................................84
3.6 DATA ANALYSIS…………………………..............85
3.7 MODEL TESTING……………… ………...............87
4 RESULTS & DISCUSSION………………..............93
4.1 FACTOR ANALYSES & RELIABILITY…………...93
4.2 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS……………………104
4.3 STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING….......108
5 CONCLUSION & SUGGESTION……………….118
5.1 CONCLUSION…………………………..............118
5.2 SUGGESTION AND IMPLICATION…………...128
5.3 RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION.......……………166
REFERENCES………………………………………168
APPENDIX I…………………......................................180
APPENDIX II……………………………………….....182
APPENDIX III………………………………………….219

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