隨著無線通訊與微電子設備的進步，無線感測網路開始被廣泛的應用在許多領域上，其中一項殺手級應用即為物件追蹤。然而，在無線感測網路的應用上，仍有許多先天上的限制有待克服，其中最重要的一個議題就是能源消耗的管理。
Mobile-Agent-Based Paradigm是近年來所提出的改善方式之一。透過行動代理人的運用，能有效改善使用傳統Client/Server Paradigm時所面臨的問題，例如能源消耗、頻寬不足等問題。因此在本研究中，將以Mobile-Agent-Based Paradigm為主，進行物件的追蹤。
雖然使用行動代理人進行物件追蹤能改善整體績效，但仍有一個重要的探討議題就是如何決定行動代理人的追蹤路徑。在過去的物件追蹤研究中，皆認為物件是隨機移動的，或是假設物件的速度、方向近乎不變。然而，在現實生活中，物件的移動行為通常會依據某事件而有模式可循，非全然的隨機移動。所以在此假設前提下，物件的移動在某種程度上是可預測的。透過預測，能有效的幫助行動代理人挑選拜訪節點，以降低能源消耗，提升物件追蹤的績效。因此，在本研究中，將對物件的移動行為進行探勘，從中找出有用的規則，作為行動代理人挑選拜訪節點的規則，以減少移動到錯誤節點的次數，降低能源消耗，延長無線感測網路的存活時間。

With the advances of wireless communications and micro-electronic device technologies, wireless sensor networks have been applied in a wide spectrum of applications, including one of the killer applications--object tracking. Among numerous challenges in object tracking, one of the important issues is the energy management. One solution to the above issue is the mobile agent-based paradigm. Using the mobile agent in wireless sensor networks has many advantages over the client/server paradigm in terms of energy consumptions, networks band-width, etc. In this thesis, we adopt the mobile agent-based paradigm to support object track-ing in wireless sensor networks.
Although using the mobile agents for object tracking can improve the overall perfor-mance, the hurdle is the determination of the mobile agent itinerary. The past studies on ob-ject tracking considered the object’s movement behavior as randomness or the direction and the speed of the object remain constant for a certain period of time. However, in most real-world cases, the object movement behavior is often based on certain underlying events rather than randomness complete. With this assumption, the movements of objects are some-times predictable. Through the prediction, the mobile agent can determine which node to mi-grate in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the performance of object tracking. In this thesis, we develop a mining-based approach to discover the useful patterns from the object’s movement behavior. This approach utilizes the discovered rules to choose the sensor node the mobile agent needs to migrate in order to reduce the number of wrong migration, to reduce total energy consumed by sensor nodes, and to prolong the lifetime of the wireless sensor network. Experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed approach.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 1
1.3 研究目的 3
第二章 文獻探討 4
2.1 WSN Applications：Object Tracking 4
2.2 Computing Paradigms for Object Tracking 5
2.2.1 Client/Server Paradigm 6
2.2.2 Mobile-Agent-Based Paradigm 6
2.2.3 Comparisons of Different Computing Paradigms 8
2.2.4 Mobile-Agent-Based Object Tracking 9
2.3 Prediction-Based Strategies in WSNs 11
2.3.1 Association Analysis 11
2.3.2 Mining User’s Behavior Patterns 15
2.3.4 Prediction-Based Object Tracking 16
第三章 問題描述 17
3.1 行動代理人移動問題 17
3.2 資料探勘問題 19
第四章 研究架構 22
4.1 系統架構 22
4.2 資料探勘機制 22
4.3 物件追蹤機制 23
第五章 序列型樣探勘與路徑規劃及移動 26
5.1 序列型樣探勘 26
5.2 行動代理人之路徑規劃與移動 28
5.2.1 假設 28
5.2.2 Beacon Frames 29
5.2.3 Cost Function 30
5.2.4 物件追蹤流程 33
5.2.5 Predictive information-driven dynamic mobile agent planning (P-IDMAP) 33
5.2.6 Mining-based Predictive information-driven dynamic mobile agent planning (MP-IDMAP) 36
5.2.7 MP-IDMAP+Slave Agent 41
第六章 實驗與結果 46
6.1 Simulation model 46
6.2 衡量指標(Evaluation metrics) 47
6.3 實驗 47
6.3.1 實驗一 探勘基礎：「區域」與「點」的績效比較 48
6.3.2 實驗二 三種行動代理人移動演算法之績效比較 49
6.3.3 實驗三 三種演算法在不同事件分支度的績效比較 51
6.3.4 實驗四 不同事件發生機率的影響 55
第七章 結論與未來研究 57
7.1 結論 57
7.2 未來研究 58
參考文獻 60

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