近年來由於全球化經濟市場結構的急遽轉變，企業的競爭策略已從過去單純地追求高品質、低成本，轉變為以顧客需求為導向的產品設計與製造策略；在此客製化的製造趨勢下，業者除了要繼續考量原有的低成本、高品質的因素外，產品上市時間、產品交期快慢及顧客需求滿意度等因素更是企業維持競爭力的關鍵因素。所以，企業必須使產品設計與製造生產作業更具有應變彈性，以隨時因應市場，符合日漸提升的客製化要求，並持續強化Time-to-Customer 能力，迎接企業全球化之發展風潮。

而在今日產品生命週期縮短及顧客需求不確定的環境中，工程變更在高科技產業中是企業中一項相當重要的作業。為確實符合顧客及市場的需要，在整個產品生命週期的各個階段，不論是開發、送樣、生產甚至是產品已到顧客手中都可能有工程變更的需求，因此，工程變更需有足夠的應變能力以確保產品的品質，績效及需求的達成，如此，才能使企業立於不敗之地。

本研究之目的是以資訊流程與組織流程設計之探討方式,來提供適用國內之工程變更管理作業程序，首先探討產品研發設計流程或開發作業程序之後，再依學術文獻之研究結果，提出對應的產業營運策略、作業流程分析及運用資訊技術達成工程變更特性。經由工程變更管制組織及階層架構的設立、組織工作職掌的訂定及工程變更處理作業流程的設計，來管制工程變更的提出、處理與執行。
再以個案公司為例，分別對作業模式進行分析及如何運用資訊技術進行工程變更管理，利用所得結論與建議，提供台灣液晶面板產業進行工程變更管理時流程設計之參考。


關鍵詞: 工程變更、資訊流程、組織流程

On account of the rapid change of the market structure of the globalization economy, the competition strategy of the enterprises has conversed from simply pursuing high quality and low cost in the past into the strategy of product design and manufacturing which seeks for satisfying customers’ requirements. Under the manufacturing trend of ODM, in addition that the trades shall continue taking consideration of the original factors of low cost and high quality, factors like the launch time of products, the speed of delivery date and the satisfaction degree of the customers’ requirements have even become the key ones if the enterprises can maintain their competitiveness. Therefore, the enterprise have to make the products design and production operation more flexible so as to accommodate in time with the markets and also conform to the gradually promoted ODM requirements from the markets and continue enhancing “Time-to-Customer” capability so as to meet and conform to the developing tendency of enterprises’ globalization.

Nevertheless, in the current environment of product’s life cycle’s shortening and the uncertain customers’ requirements uncertain, engineering change has then become one considerably important operation of the enterprise in high technology industry. In order to exactly conform to the requirements from the customers and the markets, in each stage of the whole product life cycle whatever in development, samples delivery, production and even the products being sent to the customers may require the demand of engineering change. Consequently, the engineering change is required to have enough emergency dealing capability to ensure the quality, results and the accomplishment of requirements of the products. Only in this way the enterprise shall establish itself in an unassailable position.

The purpose of the study is to provide with the management operation procedure of the engineering change suitable for the domestic enterprises by conferring ways of information process and organization process design. First, after it has conferred the products R&D design process or development operation process, it further proposes the corresponding operation strategy, operation process analysis of the industry and applies information technology to achieve the characteristics of the engineering change according to the research result of the academy’s documents. By the control organization of the engineering change and the establishment of the stratum framework, the conclusion of the job duties of the organization and the design of the handling operation process of the engineering change handling, it can control the proposal, dealing, and implement of the engineering change.

Taking a case company for example, it has employed the conclusion and suggestion it has obtained by carrying our the analysis and how to apply information technology to implement the engineering change management separately in object to the operation modes to be provided as the reference for the TFT LCD industry in Taiwan to proceed the procedure design while the engineering change management is carried out.


Keywords: Engineering Change, Information flow, Organizational Process

第 1 章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 論文架構 3
第 2 章 文獻探討 5
2.1 TFT-LCD 產業特性 5
2.1.1 何謂TFT-LCD 及其製程 5
2.1.2 TFT-LCD 產業背景 8
2.1.3 TFT-LCD 產業現況 9
2.1.4 TFT-LCD 產業特性 12
2.2 新產品的定義 14
2.3 新產品開發流程 15
2.4 產品資料管理 20
2.4.1 產品資料管理之定義 20
2.4.2 產品資料管理之功能 21
2.4.3 產品資料管理之產業應用 24
2.4.4 產品資料管理之預期校益與目標 26
2.5 工程變更 29
2.5.1 工程變更之定義 29
2.5.2 工程變更原因與類型 29
2.5.3 工程變更處理機制 31
2.5.4 工程變更影響因子 34
2.5.5 工程變更管理 35
第 3 章 研究方法 37
3.1 研究方法 37
3.2 研究流程 38
3.3 個案選擇 40
3.4 資料蒐集與分析方式 41
第 4 章 工程變更系統中資訊流程與組織流程之探討 43
4.1 工程變更範圍說明 43
4.2 產品協同設計流程與工程變更流程情境 44
4.3 工程變更流程步驟 51
4.4 工程變更管理上遭遇之問題 56
4.5 工程變更之資訊與組織流程規劃 57
4.5.1 流程分析整理 57
4.5.2 流程的選擇 63
4.5.3 屬性的選擇 64
4.5.4 流程中的資訊提供 65
第 5 章 個案研究 67
5.1 個案公司說明 67
5.1.1 個案公司背景介紹 67
5.1.2 公司組織結構 68
5.1.3 面臨問題 71
5.1.4 未來願景與策略 71
5.1.5 PLM專案導入的範圍及階段 72
5.2 作業模式分析 74
5.2.1 現有作業模式分析 74
5.2.2 未來作業模式分析 79
5.3 工程變更運作情境模擬 84
5.3.1 現有作業模式分析 84
5.3.2 未來作業模式分析 88
第 6 章 結論與建議 90
6.1 結論 90
6.2 研究限制 91
6.3 後續研究建議 92
參考文獻 93

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