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博碩士論文 etd-0808112-141627 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0808112-141627
論文名稱
Title
以「示能性」(Affordance)觀點探討傳統與數位閱讀之差異
A Study on the difference between Electronic and Traditional Reading -Using An Affordance Approach
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
70
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2012-07-30
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2012-08-08
關鍵字
Keywords
螢幕介面、示能性、閱讀、電子書、可用性
Reading, Affordance, e-Books, Usability, Screen Interfaces
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5836 次,被下載 2100
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5836 times, has been downloaded 2100 times.
中文摘要
“Affordance”(示能性)是利用生態心理學解釋自然環境中的物質,其物理屬性的組合能與生物之間存在何種對應關係。而Norman首先將示能性的概念應用於介面設計上,Gaver更進一步的利用此理論建立一個將感知訊息與示能性本身分開的評價框架。
對於傳統書籍的使用者而言,電子書的介面設計是阻礙他們轉換閱讀裝置的一項因素。而讀者對於傳統閱讀的使用經驗,也使得電子書被迫在創新與傳統的操作模式之間做出抉擇。本研究以示能性為中心探討傳統與數位閱讀之差異,並規劃在操作傳統書與實體書時會進行的任務,進而觀察使用者在操作電子與紙本書籍的差異。
研究結果發現:以本研究所採用的電子書介面而言,其操作任務的效率低於傳統書籍。其原因為1)介面的標示不清,造成使用者混淆並進行錯誤的操作;2)部分功能沒有提供任何操作指引,導致使用者花費過多時間在摸索;3)硬體的反應遲緩,無法跟上使用者操作的速度。而針對電子書示能性的觀察分析如下:1)當單一任務擁有多重示能性能夠選擇時,使用者會選擇他們所感知到最高的示能性;2)如果在操作上遇到阻礙,在多重示能性的情況下使用者可能會改用其他示能性完成任務;3)含糊不清的圖示會導致錯誤和隱藏的示能性產生。
Abstract
"Affordance" is an ecological psychology which can explain the interaction between the natural environment and its physical property of material with a combination of biology. This concept is first applied on interface design by Norman. Gaver also uses this theory to provides a evaluate framework for separating affordances from the perceptual information available about them.
To those traditional book readers, the interface design of e-book is one of the reasons they refuse to use it. The user experiences of traditional reading are also have a serious effect on the e-book design. Designers of e-book cannot determine they should provide more traditional way to read or they can just make a whole new user experience on electronic reading. The goal of this study is to use “Affordances” to discuss the difference between electronic and traditional reading, by using common tasks of traditional and electronic reading to observe user’s action and performance.
The main results are the following: the performance of e-book which this study used is lower than traditional book, because 1) Information on the interface is not clear that users may confuse, or make a wrong action. 2) Some functions didn’t provide any instructions or information that can help users to know how to action. 3) The hardware of e-book is too slow that cannot reflect user’s action.
The main discussions of e-book as affordance approach are the following. 1) When there are multiple affordances available to choose, users will pick the most efficient one they perceived. 2) If users experienced some difficulty during action, they may choose another affordance to complete task. 3) If the perceived information of icon has multiple meanings to the users, it will cause a false or hidden affordance.
目次 Table of Contents
論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 3
1.3 研究目的與目標 5
第二章 文獻探討 6
2.1 傳統與數位閱讀之探討 6
2.2 示能性(Affordance)的相關理論 9
第三章 研究方法 19
3.1 裝置介面分析 21
3.2 閱讀任務分析 30
3.3 觀察方式設計 32
3.4 任務指令設計 33
3.5 受測者樣本 34
第四章 測試結果分析 36
4.1 閱讀理解測試結果與分析 36
4.2 可用性評估結果與分析 37
4.3 示能性分類 47
4.4 電子書之示能性評估結果與分析 48
第五章 討論 53
5.1 電子書與傳統書籍的討論 53
5.2 示能性用於電子書的討論 56
第六章 結論與建議 58
6.1 研究限制 58
6.2 研究貢獻 58
6.3 研究結論 59
6.4 後續研究與建議 61
第七章 參考文獻 62
參考文獻 References
英文部分
[1] Coyle, K. (2003), “E-reading”, Library Journal: Net Connect Supplement, pp. 8-12.
[2] Dennis T. Clark.(2008), “A qualitative assessment of the Kindle e-book reader: results from initial focus groups”, Performance Measurement and Metrics Vol. 9 No. 2, 2008 pp. 118-129
[3] Miller, R. (2006),“Can the Sony Reader push e-books into the mainstream?, EContent, Vol. 29 No. 3, p. 13.
[4] Hillesund, T. and Noring, J.E. (2006), “Digital Libraries and the need for a universal digital publication format”, Journal of Electronic Publishing, Vol. 9 No. 2,
[5] Foltz, P. W. (1996). Comprehension, coherence and strategies in hypertext and
linear text. In Hypertext and Cognition. ROUET, J. F., LEVONEN, J.J.,DILLON, ANDREW P., AND SPIRO, R. J., Eds. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 109–136.
[6] Goldman, S. R. and Saul, E. U. (1990). Flexibility in text processing. Learning and Individual Differences, 2(2), 181–219.
[7] Bazerman, C. (1988). Shaping Written Knowledge. Madison, WI: The University of Wisconsin Press.
[8] Bishop, A. P. (1999). Document structure and digital libraries: how researchers mobilize information in journal articles. Info. Proc. Manag. 35, 255–279.
[9] Dillon, A. (1994). Designing Usable Electronic Text. London: Taylor & Francis.
[10] Liu, Z. (2003). Trends in transforming scholarly communication and their implications. Information Processing & Management, 39(6), 889-898.
[10] Strassmann, P.A. (1985), Information Payoff, The Free Press, New York, NY, .
[11] Olsen, J. (1994). Electronic Journal Literature: Implications for Scholars, Mecklermedia, London,
[12] Hartzell, G. (2002). Paper lion. School Library Journal, 48(9), p.37.
[13] Ramirez, E. (2003). The impact of the internet on the reading practices of a university community: the case of UNAM. Proceedings of the 69th IFLA General Conference and Council, from the World Wide Web:www.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/019e-Ramirez.pdf,
[14] Gibson, J.J., 1979, The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception, Houghton Mifflin Company,Boston.
[15] McGrenere, J., & Ho, W., 2000, Affordance: Clarifying and Evolving a Concept:Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2000,Montreal,May 2000.
[16] Norman, D.A., 1988, The Psychology of Everyday Things, Basic Books Inc, New York.
[17] Norman, D.A., 1999, Affordance, Conventions, and Design , Interaction, May- June,pp.38-42.
[18] Norman, D.A., 1990, The Design of Everyday Things, Basic Books Inc, New York.
[19] Gaver, W, 1991 ,Technology affordances, in Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems: Reaching Through Technology, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, pp. 79-84.
[20] Norman D A., 1999, Affordance and Design, http://www.jnd.org/dn.mss/Affordances-and-design.html
[21] WEINSCHENK, S., JAMAR, P., AND YEO, S. C. 1997. GUI Design Essentials. Wiley, New York.
[22] MANDEL, T. 1997. The Elements of User Interface Design. Wiley, New York.
[23] Dumas, J. S. & Redish, J. C. (1993). Practical Guide to Usability Testing. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Pulishing Corporation.
[24] Benbunan-Fich, R. (2001). Using protocol analysis to evaluate the usability of a commercial web site. Inf.Manage, 39(2), 151-163.

中文部分
[1] 藍源德(2008),台灣電子書閱讀器行業之發展條件與市場前景之研究. 元智大學
[2] 資訊工業策進會(2010),行動閱讀消費者偏好分析.資訊工業策進會網。民99/4/20
[3] 蕭瑞麟 (2009),「不用數字的研究」,台北市:培生集團。
[4] 周暐達(民97)數位閱讀及其版權管理之探討。研考雙月刊,32(3),44-48
[5] 資策會MIC (2009),「從消費者數位閱聽習慣,看電子書閱讀器優劣勢」,資策會。


網路部分
[1]http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-05-19/amazon-com-says-kindle-electronic-bo ok-sales-surpass-printed-format.html
[2]http://idpf.org/about-us/industry-statistics
[3]http://www.digitimes.com/news/a20100720VL200.html
[4]http://www.digitimes.com/Reports/Report.asp?datepublish=2011/04/28&pages=PD&seq=206
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