隨著網際網路的普及與資訊科技的進步，愈來愈多人利用e-Learning來進行教學活動，網路教學環境也更臻完善。e-Learning的教材從單純的文字與圖像，發展至目前的多媒體。然而是否運用大量的多媒體來輔助學習就能提高學習成效是一個值得深入探討的問題？因此本研究試圖藉由訊息處理理論的角度出發，以實地實驗法來探討不同訊息處理能力及內容媒體型態的交互作用對認知負荷與學習成效的影響。實驗對象為台灣的各大學生及研究生，共計222人，以隨機的方式分配到八組中來探討。研究結果發現學習者個別訊息處理能力差異對於認知負荷沒有顯著影響。其次，在媒體內容的資訊量相等的情況下，不同的內容媒體型態對認知負荷沒有顯著影響。但文字導向學習者搭配文字教材或是聲音導向學習者搭配聲音教材，則可以有效的降低認知負荷，進而提高學習成效。因此本研究建議針對不同的學習者，應先利用訊息處理能力分析系統來區分學習者訊息處理能力導向，再依照學習者的訊息處理能力導向給與不同的教材內容媒體型態以提高學習成效。

By the catholicity of Internet and the advances of information technology, more and more people use the e-Learning to do the teaching and learning activities. However, whether using the abundant multimedia learning content can really achieve better learning performance? This study tries to use the information processing theory to discuss the impact of fitness bwteeen learner’s different information processing abilities and content’s medium types on cognitive load and learning performance. That is if learner’s information processing abilities can fit with content medium types would result better learning performance. We found that firstly, the diversity of learners’ individual information processing abilities has no impact to the cognitive load. Secondly, the different content medium types with the same quantity of media content also have no impact to the cognitive load. Lastly, the wordy ability learners with wordy content medium type or the phonic ability learners with audio content medium type can lower learner’s cognitive load. It is suggested that educators can apply the results for the adaptive learning. By using information processing ability analysis system to classify learners into wordy ability and phonic ability learners and then give them adaptive content materials according to their own information processing abilities.

目　　錄
表目錄 1
圖目錄 2
摘要 3
第一章 、序論 5
第一節 、研究背景與動機 5
第二節 、研究目的與問題 7
第三節 、重要名詞定義 7
第四節 、研究範圍 10
第五節 、論文章節架構 11
第六節 、研究流程 13
第二章 、文獻探討 16
第一節 、訊息處理理論 16
第二節 、雙碼理論 18
第三節 、工作記憶模式 20
第四節 、多媒體學習衍生理論 21
第五節 、多媒體學習認知理論 24
第六節 、認知負荷理論 26
第七節 、感官模式 31
第八節 、學習成效 32
第三章 、研究方法 34
第一節 、研究方法的選擇 34
第二節 、研究架構 35
第三節 、變數的操作性定義 35
第四節 、研究假說 38
第五節 、實驗設計 39
第四章 、資料分析 53
第一節 、樣本基本資料分析 53
第二節 、統計方法 54
第三節 、訊息處理能力對認知負荷影響之檢定 56
第四節 、內容媒體型態對認知負荷影響之檢定 57
第五節 、訊息處理能力與內容媒體型態對認知負荷影響之檢定 58
第六節 、認知負荷量對學習成效影響之檢定 61
第七節 、研究發現 62
第五章 、結論與建議 64
第一節 、研究結論 64
第二節 、研究貢獻 66
第三節 、研究建議 67
第四節 、研究限制 68
第五節 、未來研究方向 69
參考文獻 71
中文參考文獻 71
英文參考文獻 73
附錄一、日常生活工具性語文工作記憶量表 83

表目錄
表 1　感知記憶形式與表徵的關係 18
表 2　不同媒體組合對學習成效的相關研究 22
表 3　各組人數分配表 40
表 4　實驗組別一 40
表 5　實驗組別二 40
表 6　實驗群組適配表 41
表 7　樣本基本資料彙整表 53
表 8　訊息處理能力差值與認知負荷量直線迴歸分析 54
表 9　訊息處理能力差值分配表 54
表 10　修改過後的實驗群組人數 54
表 11　文字導向與聲音導向的認知負荷量之差異的獨立樣本t檢定 56
表 12　文字教材與聲音教材的認知負荷量之差異的獨立樣本t檢定 57
表 13　訊息處理能力與內容媒體型態的適配性對認知負荷量差異的獨立樣本t檢定 59
表 14　再認能力與認知負荷量直線迴歸分析 61
表 15　回憶能力與認知負荷量直線迴歸分析 62
表 16　本研究假說檢定結果彙整表 62


圖目錄
圖 1　研究流程圖 13
圖 2　人類訊息處理的基本歷程 16
圖 3　雙碼理論結構圖 19
圖 4　多媒體學習衍生理論 22
圖 5　多媒體學習認知模式 25
圖 6　認知負荷構念圖 27
圖 7　研究架構圖 35
圖 8　聲音訊息處理能力分析系統－題目 42
圖 9　聲音訊息處理能力分析系統－問題 43
圖 10　文字訊息處理能力分析系統－題目 44
圖 11　文字訊息處理能力分析系統－問題 45
圖 12　文字學習教材 46
圖 13　再認能力測驗題目 48
圖 14　回憶能力測驗題目 49
圖 15　認知負荷問卷 50
圖 16　研究假說資料分析架構 63

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