在自由市場的經濟體制下，為數甚少的資方掌握了資本及重要的生產器具，眾多的勞工則必須付出本身的勞力與時間賺取相對的工資才得以維持生計。因此，在現今的環境中，勞方與資方之間容易存在著對立與抗爭的緊張關係。由於我國特殊的政治、經濟背景，使得我國工會（尤其是職業工會）很難完全發揮工會應有的功能，加上我國職業工會一直被譏為「勞保工會」、「花瓶工會」，因此，便希望瞭解國內是否存在有不提供勞保、健保加保業務，但仍正常且健全運作的職業工會，其工會會員與工會之間是否存在著工會承諾？承諾的強度又是如何？對於工會的參與程度又呈現怎樣的反應？

　　經由文獻回顧，發現國內有關工會會員承諾對工會參與的研究甚少，而且主要是在研究產業工會，對於職業工會的研究更是寥寥可數，因此，本研究希望透過相關理論與實證之探討結果來瞭解工會會員的工會承諾是否會對工會參與產生影響，期能彙整出一些值得其他工會經營的參考並提供對我國職業工會未來發展之具體建議。。本研究以「基隆市報關業職業工會」會員（現約有1,200位會員）作為研究對象，共發出600份問卷，回收255份，有效問卷計有243份。

　　本研究透過因素分析檢定來檢測量表的信度與建構效度，於信效度確認後，再運用變異數分析與迴歸分析等統計方法歸納出下列結論：

一、工會會員對工會承諾對工會參與具有顯著正向影響：
　　（一）工會會員對工會承諾之「工會忠誠度」程度愈高，則對工會參與程度愈高。
　　（二）工會會員對工會承諾之「願意為工會服務」程度愈高者，則對工會參與度就愈高。
　　（三）工會會員對工會承諾之「對工會產生責任感」程度愈高者，則對工會參與度就愈高。

二、會員之個人人口統計變項對工會承諾有正面且顯著之影響：
　　（一）男性會員較女性會員具較高之工會參與。
　　（二）會員之年齡愈高者，其工會參與愈高。
　　（三）會員之工會年資愈高者，其工會參與愈高。
　　（四）具有工會幹部經驗之會員較其他從未擔任過工會幹部之會員之工會參與程度高。

Under a free market economic system, the managements as a minority are in control of capitals and the important production means, whereas the labors need to provide their manpower and time for the relative wages in order to maintain the bread and butter for their everyday living. An intense relationship filled with oppositions and resistances is therefore easily found between labor and management in the environment today. Owing to the special political and economic backgrounds of our country, it is difficult for unions, (and especially unions) to elaborate on the functions that the unions should play. The unions of our country had been mocked on as “labor insurance unions” or “flower vase unions”; therefore we would like to find out whether a union exists in our country, which does not offer labor insurance or national health insurance services yet still operates and functions fully as a normal union? Do any union commitments exist between the union members and the unions? How strong are these commitments? And what are the reactions on the degree of participation to the unions?

Reviews on academic literatures have shown that not much research was conducted on union commitments and member participation to the unions. Moreover, academic literatures focused on the studies on industry unions as opposed to unions. It is therefore the goal of this research to find out whether union commitments for the members would influence people’s decisions to join unions, through the discussion on related theories and physical evidences. Through this research we hope that we could gather and arrange some management references worth other unions to follow, as well as providing physical suggestions for the future development of the unions of our country. The subjects of this research are the members of the “Keelung City Customs Brokers’ Union” (currently with 1,200 members), in total 600 questionnaires were issued where 255 of them were collected and 243 of them valid.

Factor analysis was used in this research to test the reliability and construct validity of the questionnaires. On confirmation of the reliability test, statistical methods such as the analysis of variance and the regression analysis were further used to come to the following conclusions:

1. Union commitments have strong positive effects on the member participation in the union:
(1) The higher the “Union Loyalty” a member has for the union commitment, the higher is his/her participation to the union.
(2) The higher the “Willingness to Work for the Union” a member has for the union commitments, the higher is his/her participation to the union.
(3) The higher the “Responsibility to the Union” a member has for the union commitments, the higher is his/her participation to the union.

2. The personal statistic variables of the members have strong positive effects on their participation in the union:
(1) Male members have higher union participation than female members.
(2) The older member in age, the higher is his/her participation to the union.
(3) The longer Member in union seniority, the higher is his/her participation to the union.
(4) Members with union organizer experiences have higher union participation than members without prior union organizer experiences.

第一章　緒論　…………………………………………………………………… 01
第一節　研究背景　………………………………………………………… 01
第二節　研究動機　………………………………………………………… 04
第三節　研究目的　………………………………………………………… 06
第四節　章節說明　………………………………………………………… 07
第二章　文獻探討　……………………………………………………………… 08
第一節　工會承諾之意義與內涵　………………………………………… 08
第二節　工會參與之意義與內涵　………………………………………… 15
第三節　工會承諾對工會參與之影響　…………………………………… 23
第三章　研究方法………………………………………………………………… 28
第一節　研究架構　………………………………………………………… 28
第二節　研究假設　………………………………………………………… 29
第三節　變項操作性定義與衡量　………………………………………… 31
第四節　問卷信度分析與量表構面重整　………………………………… 34
第五節　資料方析方法　…………………………………………………… 37
第四章　研究結果與分析　……………………………………………………… 38
第一節　描述性統計分析　………………………………………………… 38
第二節　獨立樣本t檢定析　………………………………………………… 42
第三節　單因子變異數分析　……………………………………………… 44
第四節　迴歸分析　………………………………………………………… 46
第五章　結論與建議　…………………………………………………………… 50
第一節　研究結論　………………………………………………………… 50
第二節　研究限制　………………………………………………………… 52
第三節　研究建議　………………………………………………………… 54
參考文獻　………………………………………………………………………… 55
中文部份　…………………………………………………………………… 55
西文部份　…………………………………………………………………… 56
附錄　問卷　……………………………………………………………………… 62

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