在今日的物聯網環境中，市場的需求有賴多個企業共同來滿足。合作與競爭關係往往同時存在於兩個企業之間，使得僅針對競爭或僅探討合作關係的傳統策略分析方法，產生了侷限。因此，以「一群相互連結，共同創造價值與分享價值的企業」為研究對象的「商業生態系統」觀點，逐漸受到重視。但過去相關研究主要著眼於商業生態系統中廠商的角色，對於商業生態系統整體的變遷較少著墨。
本研究以動態競爭理論為基礎並採用次級資料分析法，探討物聯網商業生態系統之間的互動態勢，並且運用深度訪談法，了解物聯網產業內個別廠商對於通訊規格競爭的看法。
本研究主要貢獻在清楚描繪並歸納出物聯網的變遷動態。有別於以往靜態的分析模式，研究結果具有理論與實務的參考價值。就理論來說，本研究藉由商業生態系統所面臨外在環境變遷過程之探討，發現廠商之間存在既競爭又合作及既合作又競爭的關係，研究了動態競爭理論的研究範疇。在實務上，本研究指出，不論是否具備主導地位，廠商都應該了解並掌握整體商業生態系統的變遷，才能在瞬息萬變的經營環境中長久生存。文末也討論了研究限制與未來研究建議。

In today's business environment, firms can no longer fulfill all customers' needs alone. They need to work together to meet customers' requirements. Therefore, many firms inevitably share a common fate. As a result, firms now often cooperate while also compete with each other. Under such a circumstance, traditional strategic analysis frameworks appear to have their limitations. A new approach, business ecosystem perspective, has thus gained popularity. This new approach, by analyzing a group of interconnected firms who jointly create and share value, has been providing significant insights for both academia and practitioners.

This study addresses the competitive dynamics theory and applies the secondary data data collection method to explore the relationships between the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems. The study also conducts in-depth interviews to learn ndividual manufacturers’ ideas about the competiton among various communication specifications.

The main contribution of this study is to clearly depict and summarize the rapidly changing dynamics of the IoT ecosystems. Unlike conventional static analysis, the results have academic and practical implications. From the theoretical perpsetcive, the study expands the examinations of competitive dyanmics theory from intra-industry competition to the conext of cross-industry ecosystems. From the practices view, the finding shows that, regardless of whether a firm occupies the dominant position, it should understand and master the changes of the whole business ecosystem in order to sustain in the rapidly changing business environment. Limitations ans future directions are proposed as well.

目錄
論文審定書 i
摘　要 ii
Abstract iii
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機與方法 3
第三節 論文架構 5
第二章 物聯網 7
第一節 從網際網路(internet)到物聯網(Internet of Thing) 7
第二節 物聯網架構 11
第三節 物聯網平台規格與主導廠商 14
第三章 文獻探討 20
第一節 商業生態系統觀點 20
第二節 商業生態系統相關個案 26
第三節 動態競爭與動態合作 31
第四章 研究方法 38
第一節 研究設計與方法選擇 38
第二節 研究方法 39
第五章 研究發現 44
第一節 物聯網廠商經營動態競爭分析 44
第二節 深度訪談內容 53
第六章 結論與建議 61
第一節 研究發現與結論 61
第二節 研究意涵 62
第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 63
參考文獻 65
附錄一、訪談大綱 68
附錄二、訪談逐字稿 69

壹、中文部分
1. 陳明哲(Chen, Ming-Jer)(2008) : 動態競爭策略探微：理論、實證與應用(蘇國賢，審訂，林豪傑、喬友慶、侯勝宗，編譯,2-14,260-263,360-361)。台北：智勝。
2. 郭國泰、司徒達賢、于卓民(2008) : 商業生態系統之變遷：以軟體產業為例。創新與管理，頁1-27。
3. 陳明哲(Chen, Ming-Jer)(2013) : 競爭者分析：「市場共同性－資源相似性」架構。
4. 陳裕賢、張志勇、陳宗禧、石貴平、吳世琳、廖文華、許智舜、林勻蔚 (2014)，無線網路與行動計算(第二版) Chapter 14物聯網，全華出版社。

貳、外文部分
1. Samuel, Arthur L. (1959). "Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers". IBM Journal of research and development.
2. Moore, J.F. (1993). "Predators and prey: A new ecology of competition." Harvard Business Review, Vol. 71, No. 3, pp.75–86.
3. Moore, J.F. (1996). The Death of Competition: Leadership & Strategy in the Age of Business Ecosystems, Harper Business, New York.
4. Gossain, S., & Kandiah, G. (1998). Reinventing value: The new business ecosystem.Strategy & Leadership, 26 (5), pp.28–33.
5. Iansiti, M. & Levien, R., "Strategy as Ecology", Harvard Business Review, 82(3), 2004a, pp.68–78.
6. Iansiti, M. & Levien, R., "The Keystone Advantage: What the New Dynamics of BusinessEcosystems Mean for Strategy, Innovation, and Sustainability.", Boston, MA: HarvardBusiness School Press, 2004b.
7. Bill Gates(1995),” The Road Ahead”, United States, Viking Penguin, pp.4
8. The World Economic Forum (2014)World Economic Forum Industrial Internet Survey2014.
9. International Telecommunication Union(2005) ITU Internet Reports 2005: The Internet of Things, Geneva
10. Industrial Internet Consortium(2015)Industrial Internet Reference Architecture
11. Chen, M. J., Lin, H. C., & Michel, J. G. (2010). Navigating in a hypercompetitive environment: The roles of action aggressiveness and TMT integration. Strategic Management Journal, 31(13), 1410-1430.
12. Chen, M. J., & Miller, D. (2014). Reconceptualizing competitive dynamics: A multidimensional framework. Strategic Management Journal, 36(5), 758-775.
13. Chen, M. J. (1996). Competitor analysis and interfirm rivalry: Toward a theoretical integration. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 100-134.
14. Chen, M. J., & Hambrick, D. C. (1995). Speed, stealth, and selective attack: How small firms differ from large firms in competitive behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 453-482.
15. Chen, M. J., Lin, H. C., & Michel, J. G. (2010). Navigating in a hypercompetitive environment: The roles of action aggressiveness and TMT integration. Strategic Management Journal, 31(13), 1410-1430.
16. Chen, M. J., & MacMillan, I. C. (1992). Nonresponse and delayed response to competitive moves: The roles of competitor dependence and action irreversibility. Academy of Management Journal, 35(3), 539-570.
17. Chen, M. J., & Miller, D. (1994). Competitive attack, retaliation and performance: An expectancy valence framework. Strategic Management Journal, 15(2), 85-102.
18. Chen, M. J., & Miller, D. (2012). Competitive dynamics: Themes, trends, and a prospective research platform. The Academy of Management Annals, 6(1), 135-210.
19. Chen, M. J., & Miller, D. (2014). Conceptualizing competitive dynamics: A multidimensional framework. Strategic Management Journal, 36(5), 758-775.
20. Holstein, J.A. and J.F. Gubrium.(2004) 'Active interviewing', in Silverman D. (ed) Qualitative Research: Theory, Method and Practice. London: Sage. 140-161
21. Stewart, D. W., & Kamins, M. A. (1993) Secondary research: information sources and methods(2nd ed.).New York, NY : Sage Publications.

參、網路資料
1. Consumer Electronics Show, CSE http://www.ces.tech/
2. Gartner http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3277517
3. THine Electronics, Inc. http://www.thine.co.jp/
4. Intel Corporation http://www.intel.com/
5. Qualcomm https://www.qualcomm.com/
6. Broadcom http://zh-tw.broadcom.com/
7. AMD http://www.amd.com/zh-tw
8. ARM Holdings http://www.arm.com/zh/
9. Apple http://www.apple.com/
10. Google (Alphabet) https://abc.xyz/
11. AllSeen Alliance https://allseenalliance.org/
12. OPEN CONNECTIVITY FOUNDATION (OCF) https://openconnectivity.org/
13. HomeKit https://developer.apple.com/homekit/
14. Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. http://www.murata.com/
15. Panasonic Global http://www.panasonic.com/global/home.html
16. Sony Corporation http://www.sony.net/
17. Primax Electronics Ltd. http://www.primax.com.tw/
18. Topology Research Institute http://www.topology.com.tw/
19. NASDAQ Stock Market http://www.nasdaq.com/zh
20. INTEL annual report 2015http://www.intel.com
21. Alphabet annual report2015 https://abc.xyz/
22. Qualcomm annual report2015 https://www.qualcomm.com/
23. Apple annual report2015 http://www.apple.com/