本論文提出一套在智慧型監控網路上做動態調整影像參數的機制。可調整的影像參數包括每秒可播放的張數(FPS)、影像品質(Quality)以及畫面大小(Picture size)，我們會根據不同的條件來選擇調整不同的影像參數以符合網路頻寬。例如，當畫面有alarm發生時(例如有車子經過)，我們調整FPS；或是當網路發生壅塞時，我們則會利用每秒所收到的影像封包資料量來判斷此時的網路壅塞程度，並決定此時該調整的影像參數應為Quality或是Picture size，以維持畫面的流暢度。
為了驗證我們的機制，我們在Linux平台上實作了調整三個參數的機制，這三個參數包括Quality、Picture size、FPS。為了實作調整此三個參數，我們必須從client端新建一條HTTP連線到camera，並製作出相對應的control messages給camera，讓camera能夠藉此去改變此三個影像參數。除了動態改變這三個影像參數外，我們也根據每個封包抵達client的時間差值(diff)實做了影像恢復機制。在實作完成後，我們測試當client端受到不同背景資料流的影響下，使用我們的影像調整機制是否可讓影像畫面繼續保持其流暢度，且利用diff來判斷恢復影像參數後的網路狀況再決定是否需要將畫面保持在較高的影像參數，避免在網路壅塞時使用較高的影像參數造成影像封包被延遲或是丟棄，使得影像播放不順暢。

In the Thesis, we propose a mechanism to dynamically adjust video parameters in an intelligent video surveillance network. Whenever there is an alarm or network encounters congestion, we could adjust video parameters including Frames per Second (FPS), Quality, and Picture Size to adapt to network bandwidth. For examples, we can adjust FPS when an alarm exists in the surveillance system; we can adjust the Quality or Picture Size by counting the total number of video packets received per second to obtain a smooth video when network is congested
To demonstrate the proposed schemes, we implement these three adjustable parameters, Quality, Picture size, and FPS on a Linux platform. To do this, we establish a new HTTP connection from a client to a camera and then we develop the corresponding control messages issued by the client in order to change the video parameters. In addition, we implement a video recovery mechanism by measuring the differences in arrival time between every packet (referred to as diff). Finally, we observe with our proposed scheme whether the video quality can be smoother under different background traffics. In the video recovery mechanism, we utilize diff to decide whether a higher quality picture should be persisted or downgraded to a lower quality picture to avoid packet loss under network congestion.

第一章 導論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究方向與方法 1
1.3 章節介紹 3
第二章 智慧型影像監控系統 4
2.1 DVR與IP CAMERA 4
2.2 IVS 5
2.3 相關研究 7
2.3.1 Source-based Adjustment 7
2.3.2 中間節點的回饋控制 8
2.3.3 Receiver-based Adjustment 9
2.3.4 各種不同機制比較 11
2.4 本論文提出的機制 12
第三章 動態調整影像參數 13
3.1 建立新的HTTP 連線 13
3.1.1 Quality與 Picture Size的改變 14
3.1.2 FPS的改變 15
3.2 動態調整影像參數 19
3.2.1 改變Quality與Picture Size 19
3.2.1.1 網路環境壅塞時 20
3.2.1.2 網路環境不壅塞時 22
3.2.2 改變FPS 24
第四章 LINUX實作與量測 26
4.1 實驗環境 26
4.2 LINUX實作 28
4.2.1 Receiving Module 28
4.2.1.1 影像資料量的異常 28
4.2.1.2 封包抵達時間的差值 31
4.2.1.3 異常畫面的Alarm訊息 32
4.2.2 Sending Module 34
4.3 量測結果 35
4.3.1 Quality變化的量測 36
4.3.2 Picture Size變化的量測 38
4.3.3 FPS變化的量測 40
4.3.4 影像恢復 42
4.3.4.1 網路壅塞時恢復影像參數 44
4.3.4.2 網路順暢時恢復影像參數 45
第五章 結論與未來工作 47
5.1 結論 47
5.2 未來工作 49
參考文獻 50
INDEX 54

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