本研究於2009年至2014年間在龜山島周圍海域採集表層沉積物及岩芯樣品，並利用感應耦合電漿發射光譜儀(ICP-OES)測定沉積物中各金屬之濃度。主要探討龜山島海底熱泉所屬海域表層及岩芯沉積物中微量金屬濃度分布，並了解沉積物微量金屬的分布特性及其受熱泉噴發之影響。
　　研究結果顯示，近熱泉口站位的黏土或泥質細顆粒物質以及顆粒有機碳均明顯較遠離熱泉口的站位低。位於龜首的站位有相當高的硫含量(S%=63.2-78.1%)，推測因受到熱泉噴發影響所導致，而龜尾與離熱泉口較遠之站位的硫含量則相對較低(S%=0.0-17.6%)，顯示受熱泉噴發影響較小所致。
　　龜山島表層沉積物中各金屬在靠近泉口站位之總濃度較低，尤以離熱泉口越遠其濃度有上升之趨勢。而近熱泉口之站位之Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) 濃度比值皆低於0.6，表示近熱泉口之站位鐵、錳可能受到熱液噴發而導致濃度增加，而造成較靠近泉口之站位的比值較低，且鐵/錳濃度比值隨離熱泉口距離而遞減。各金屬元素濃度對鋁元素之富集程度(EF)程度亦顯示各金屬在靠近熱泉活動區(H1-1-Ks9)之EF均高於自然背景值(EF > 1)，而離泉口較遠之站位的富集程度則較明顯降低，除了鉛、鋅之外皆無超過自然背景值。
　　由於近熱泉之岩芯之總硫含量與鐵濃度有顯著正相關，並與Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) 比值有顯著負相關，因此岩芯的總硫含量分佈可作為噴發強度變化指標。由近熱泉之岩芯總硫濃度分佈顯示，噴發強弱有幾個循循變化，岩芯Ks2之總硫濃度於1950-1956、1968-1972、1990-1992及2004-2005年有增加趨勢，並於1967-1968、1988-1990及1994-1995年間有降低現象，將其對照至岩芯Ks3及S2，岩芯Ks3之總硫濃度於1990-1991、1997-1998及2004-2005年增加，且於1989-1990及1992-1993年降低。而岩芯S2之總硫濃度則於1780-1791、1952-1956及1969-1983年時上升，且於在1810-1823、1957-1969及1992-1996年時降低。而金屬鐵及錳濃度在不同年代也有著與硫相當類似的分佈情形。由噴發指標時間變動可反應噴發強度的短期循環變化。

This study aims to understand the distributions and characteristics of trace metals in sediments around submarine hydrothermal vents off Kueishan Island, northeastern Taiwan. In this study, surface sediments and sediment cores were collected from the study area during May - September of 2009 and June of 2014, and the concentrations of trace metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).
　　The results showed that the fine particles(mud, clay) and total organic carbon(TOC) of surface sediments were significantly lower at stations around the hydrothermal vents than those stations away from the vents. High total sulfur (TS) contents (63.2-78.1%) of surface sediments occurred at nearby stations of vents, presumably caused by the influence of hydrothermal activitiy. Whereas, much lower TS concentrations (0.0-17.6%) were detected at the stations far away from vents , indicating little influence of hydrothermal activitiy.
　Total concentrations of trace metals in surface sediments were lower in H1-1-H2-3 stations than in T1-1-St3 stations, determined largely form the effects of particles size and TOC. The Al / (Al + Fe + Mn) ratio increased generally with distance away from the hydrothermal vents , which was inversely related to the variations of TS and Fe/Al ratio. Meanwhile, the Fe/Mn ratio decreased with distance away from hydrothermal vents , resulted appareutly from the decrease of Fe in sediments with distance. Enrichment factors of the trace metals were elevated (>1) in these stations influeuced significantly by hydrothermal activitiy.
　　Correlations were significantly positive between TS content and iron, and significantly negative between TS content and Al / (Al + Fe + Mn) ratio in cores collected from nearby vents. The TS concentration in Ks2 increased in 1950-1956, 1968-1970, 1982-1987,1990-1992 and 2004-2005, and decreased in 1967-1968, 1988-1990. and 1994-1995. The temporal variation of TS concentration in Ks3 and S2 was fairly identical with that of Ks2. The distribution of iron and manganese concentrations in different years also has similar condition with sulfur. The emission strength was apparently reflected from the temporal variation of emission indices.

目錄
論文審定書………………………………………………………….....................…........i
致謝..................................................................................................................iii
中文摘要...........................................................................................................iv
英文摘要...........................................................................................................vi
目錄..................................................................................................................viii
圖目錄...............................................................................................................x
表目錄...............................................................................................................xiii

第一章 前言.......................................................................................................1
第二章 研究區域
2.1龜山島周圍海域...................................................................................5
第三章 研究材料及方法
3.1採樣方法.................................................................................................8
3.2實驗方法.................................................................................................9
3.3 主成分分析法......................................................................................17
第四章 結果
4.1表層沉積物之顆粒粒徑和有機碳、總硫含量分佈……………...18
4.1-1 表層沉積物之顆粒粒徑分布…………………………………....18
4.1-2 表層沉積物之總硫含量及有機碳分布…………………………21
4.2表層沉積物中各金屬(鋁、鎂、鐵、錳、鋅、銅、鉛、鈷、鎳)之濃度分佈……………………………………………………………………22
4.2-1 表層沉積物之鋁、鎂、鐵、錳濃度分布……………………....22
4.2-2 表層沉積物之鋅、銅、鉛、鎳、鈷濃度分布…………………25
4.3龜山島周圍海域岩芯………………………………………………29
4.3-1 龜山島海域岩芯定年分析………………………………………29
4.3-2 靠近熱泉口之岩芯(Ks2、Ks3、S2)……………………………33
4.3-2-1 岩芯 Ks2………………………………………………………33
4.3-2-2 岩芯 Ks3…………………………………………………..38
4.3-2-3 岩芯 S2………………………………..…………………..43
第五章 討論.........................................................................................................47
5.1表層沉積物之粒徑對金屬分布之影響、顆粒有機碳及總硫含量……………………………………………………………….47
5.1-1 表層沉積物之粒徑分布……………………………………..47
5.1-2 表層沉積物之顆粒有機碳分布………………………….….47
5.1-3 表層沉積物硫含量之分布……………………………….….48
5.2 熱泉噴發對金屬分佈的影響…………………………….……51
5.2-1以表層沉積物之鐵/錳(Fe/Mn) 和Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) 比值評估熱泉噴發之影響………………………………………………...….51
5.2-2 表層沉積物金屬元素之富集程度(EF)……………………..58
5.2-3 可萃取金屬分佈之評估…………………………………….64
5.2-4表層沉積物之主成分分析(PCA)及因子分析(FA)………....65
5.3 龜山島岩芯沉積物之金屬濃度分布及特性………………....68
5.3-1岩芯 Ks2………………………………………………………68
5.3-2岩芯 Ks3……………………………………………….…….74
5.3-3岩芯 S2…………………………………………………...….80
第六章 結論........................................................................................................87
參考文獻
中文部分......................................................................................................89
英文部分......................................................................................................91

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