濁水溪位於台灣島西部平原，屬亞熱帶季風氣候區域。因台灣處於板塊交界帶地形陡峭且地體構造活動頻繁，每年受季風、豪雨及颱風事件侵襲影響，使濁水溪輸出大量沉積物進入台灣海峽，平均每年輸沙量達約54*〖10〗^6公噸。儘管如此，但因豐、枯水季沉積物供應速率不穩定、且濁水溪出海口屬於中潮差 (平均潮差2.7m) 的海岸環境，使細粒沉積物在出海口處不易保存下來。
根據前人研究顯示6,000年以來相對海平面變動不大，因此本研究將鎖定此海水面相對穩定時期，探討如前述濁水溪口在獨特動力作用下沉積環境演進的過程。本研究透過國立中山大學海岸地質學實驗室於2010年7月位於濁水溪河口北JRD-N (120°18’07.90E, 23°54’11.08N)、南JRD-S (120°14’26.47E, 23°49’56.70N)各鑽取總長約 100 m的岩心，以及2014年5月於現生濁水溪口，使用震盪式岩心儀鑽取6孔長度約50 cm短岩心。以現代做為通往過去的鑰匙，將現生環境沉積粒徑、總有機碳含量及有孔蟲分布資料做為指標，對比岩心相同的參數並佐以AMS14C定年資料、正交經驗函數分析等，以較客觀的方式描述全新世6,000年以來濁水溪口沉積系統演變。
結合現代與過去的量測資料、對比現生及過去沉積物粒徑分佈等參數、總有機碳及有孔蟲資料等，發現6,000以來 (海平面相對穩定時期) 濁水溪河口沉積環境的水深逐漸變淺，沉積環境為遠濱過渡環境轉變為潮灘環境，潮灘環境再轉變成河口三角洲環境，並沿著向海的方向堆積。

The Zhuoshui River basin is located on the fluvial plain of the western Taiwan and also in a subtropical monsoon climate regime. Attributed to the highly frequent earthquake, steep topography, typhoons and monsoons, the yearly average sediment load of the Zhuoshui River can reach over 54x106 ton. However, the strong seasonality of its annual sediment load and the mesotidal environment (tidal range is around 2.7 m) at the river mouth causes fine-grained sediment exported from the Zhuoshui River to not easily deposit in the vicinity of the river mouth.
According to previous studies, the sea level around the Zhuoshui River is relative stable from the past 6,000 BP. Therefore, this study focuses on the evolution of the sedimentary system at the mouth of the Zhuoshui River which has been influening by the modern hydrodynamic forces during this period. Sediment samples were taken from two 100 m core drilled by the Coastal Geology Laboratory in NSYSU and from the several Vibracores drilled by the NTNU. Following the principle “The present is the key to the past”, we used the sediment grain sizes, total organic carbon (TOC), the distribution of foraminifera, and age model constrained by AMS14C dates to describe the evolution of the deposition system at the Zhuoshui River mouth.
The preliminary results show that the environmental changes of the Zhuoshui
River mouth have been through several facies, including offshore transition, shoreface, tidal flat, bay-head delta, and terrestrial environment since 6,000 BP, indicating a progradational sequence.

論文審定書----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------i
致謝------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ii
摘要-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iii
英文摘要-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iv
目錄-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------vi
圖目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ix
表目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------xiii
第一章 序論-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1-1 前言---------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1-2 研究目的---------------------------------------------------------------------------5
第二章 研究區域-------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
2-1 地理位置及氣候------------------------------------------------------------------6
2-2 地質概況---------------------------------------------------------------------------9
第三章 材料與方法---------------------------------------------------------------------------10
3-1 實驗材料--------------------------------------------------------------------------10
3-2 儀器介紹--------------------------------------------------------------------------12
3-2-1 震盪式岩心儀--------------------------------------------------------------12
3-2-2 多重感應元岩心記錄器--------------------------------------------------14
3-2-3 反射色分光光度計--------------------------------------------------------16
3-2-4 雷射粒徑分析儀-----------------------------------------------------------18
3-3 實驗方法 ------------------------------------------------------------------------21
3-3-1 樣品前處理-----------------------------------------------------------------21
3-3-2 岩心沉積物描述-----------------------------------------------------------22
3-3-3 岩相及沉積環境-----------------------------------------------------------22
3-3-4 粒徑分析實驗--------------------------------------------------------------34
3-4 經驗函數 (EOF)-----------------------------------------------------------------36
第四章 結果------------------------------------------------------------------------------------38
4-1 現代濁水溪河口岩心及表層沉積物資料分析結果-----------------------38
4-1-1 現生碎浪帶環境-----------------------------------------------------------39
4-1-2 現生潮灘環境--------------------------------------------------------------42
4-1-3 現生河口沙洲環境--------------------------------------------------------49
4-1-4 現生河道環境--------------------------------------------------------------60
4-2 過去6,000年濁水溪河口北孔、南孔岩心資料分析結果-----------------64
4-2-1 遠濱過渡帶環境-----------------------------------------------------------68
4-2-2 濱面環境--------------------------------------------------------------------77
4-2-3 潮灘環境--------------------------------------------------------------------84
4-2-4 河口三角洲環境-----------------------------------------------------------92
4-3 經驗函數 (EOF) 分析結果---------------------------------------------------99
4-3-1 影響沉積物沉積可能因子之假設及EOF分析結果-----------------99
4-3-2 濁水溪北孔 (JRD-N)、南孔 (JRD-S) 岩心偏離場第一模態結果
------------------------------------------------------------------------------102
第五章 討論----------------------------------------------------------------------------------108
5-1 不同環境的沉積物參數分布------------------------------------------------108
5-1-1 濱面環境-------------------------------------------------------------------108
5-1-2 潮灘環境-------------------------------------------------------------------109
5-1-3 河口三角洲環境----------------------------------------------------------111
5-2 經驗函數討論------------------------------------------------------------------113
5-2-1岩心各個偏離場的比較--------------------------------------------------113
第六章 結論----------------------------------------------------------------------------------118
第七章 參考文獻----------------------------------------------------------------------------120
中文部份------------------------------------------------------------------------------120
英文部份------------------------------------------------------------------------------122
附錄---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------128

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