Geisler (1970) 的經典理論提出，當熱帶氣旋行進速度Uh小於該區域海洋第一斜壓模的相位速度c1時 (Uh < c1，slow-moving)，其暴風中心下方主要的海洋反應為湧升流現象，本研究根據此論點做為出發點，探討1993-2015年間，全球slow-moving型態的超級颱風其底下的海流流況，且以表面漂流浮球資料、AVISO之海平面高度 (SSH) 與絕對地轉流 (AGV) 資料來呈現。
觀測期間資料發現全球共有22個超級颱風符合slow-moving型態，其中有7個超級颱風 (北半球3個；南半球4個) 所經過的區域有中尺度氣旋渦產生 (或被增強)。這些超級颱風皆有三個共通點：【1】其資料點平均行進速度小於2 m/s，【2】slow-moving型態皆維持有12小時以上，【3】皆位於開放性大洋 (無行經陸地)。這些中尺度氣旋渦的最大流速達到2 m/s，並隨著背景流向西方傳遞，最短維持1個月，最久存活8個月才消失。以颱風中尺度氣旋渦和北太平洋副熱帶逆流區(STCC)之中尺度氣旋渦相比，前者的生存時間約為後者的1.3倍，平均半徑約為1.0~1.8倍，渦漩動能約為3~16倍，而平均流速約為1.1~1.8倍。。
表面漂流浮球被捲入中尺度氣旋渦中時，顯示表水溫度下降約攝氏2.5~3.5度。由全球溫鹽剖面資料庫 (GTSPP) 提供的海水溫度資料可知，當超級颱風Nida以緩慢的移動速度經過研究海域，混合層加厚約30米；而Nida消失後，氣旋渦結構增強且穩固，湧升流形成，海水溫度剖面線明顯被往上推。
分析渦漩動能(EKE)與超級颱風行進速度之間的關係，發現於相同的最大持續風速(Vmax)之下，颱風行進速度愈緩慢，所給予的渦漩動能愈大，反之，颱風行進速度愈快，所產生的中尺度渦漩動能則愈小。

According to Geisler’s classic theory (1970), when the phase speed of the first baroclinic mode c1 exceeds the tropical cyclone’s (TC) translation speed Uh (Uh /c1 < 1, slow-moving), the oceanic response is a barotropic, geostrophical, and cyclonic gyre with upwelling in the storm’s center. Following Geisler’s theory (1970), this study analyzed data from drifters of the Surface Velocity Program (SVP), satellite altimeter measurements, and global typhoons from Joint Typhoon Warning Center during 1993-2015 to investigate mesoscale cyclonic eddies induced by slow-moving super typhoons.
Our results show that 22 slow-moving super typhoons can be found globally in this period, among them only seven typhoons produced or strengthened mesoscale cyclonic eddies (3 in Northern Hemisphere, and 4 in Southern Hemisphere). These TCs have several properties in common: [1] mean Uh is less than 2 m/s, [2] slow-moving condition (Uh /c1 < 1) lasts for at least 12 hours, [3] pass the open ocean (without land effect). Strong current speed of TC-eddies over 2 m/s were observed, and these eddies propagated westward for a period of one to eight months. Compared with the North Pacific Subtropical Counter Current (STCC) eddies, the TC-eddies have a life span of about 1.3 times of the STCC eddies, while mean radius is 1.0-1.8 times, eddy kinetic energy (EKE) is 3-16 times, and current speed is 1.1-1.8 times of the STCC eddies.
For the TC Nida-eddy, the SST shows a temperature drop of 2.5-3.5oC as observed by SVP drifters. A 30-m increase of the mixed-layer depth was also found from Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Programme data at a region in the north Pacific Ocean when Nida passed by. After Nida disappeared, the cyclonic eddy became strengthened and the thermocline was moved upward, indicating the formation of upwelling.
Analysis of eddy’s EKE and TC’s translation speed reveal a negative correlation between these two quantities. Under the same TC’s maximum wind speed, as the TC’s translation speed is slower, the induced TC-eddy will have a higher EKE. The opposite is also true.

論文審定書 i
論文公開授權書 ii
謝誌 iii
摘要 v
Abstract vi
目錄 viii
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xiii
一、 前言 1
1-1、熱帶氣旋 1
1-2、前人研究 3
1-3、研究動機與目的 6
二、 資料來源 7
2-1、全球超級颱風 7
2-2、AVISO衛星高度計 9
2-3、Argos表面漂流浮球 10
2-4、NOAA/NODC海水溫度剖面資料 12
2-4-1、長期平均─WOA13 v2 12
2-4-2、實測數據─GTSPP 12
三、 資料分析方法 14
3-1、 超級颱風Slow-moving型態之定義 14
3-2、 中尺度渦漩之定義 18
四、 結果 19
4-1、超級颱風 19
4-2、中尺度渦漩 22
4-2-1、AVISO 22
4-2-2、表面漂流浮球 58
4-3、7個中尺度渦漩之數據─AVISO 69
五、討論與總結 78
5-1、超級颱風slow-moving型態之下的中尺度渦漩 78
5-1-1、Geisler (1970) 數值理論─熱帶氣旋促使渦漩形成之動力 78
5-1-2、促使中尺度渦漩形成之條件 79
5-2、水文資料 83
5-3、超級颱風行進速度與渦漩動能之相關性 89
5-4、與大洋常見的渦漩之比較 91
5-5、總結 92
六、參考文獻 94

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