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博碩士論文 etd-0702107-170605 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0702107-170605
論文名稱
Title
美國對中國出口管制之研究
The Study of America's Export Control toward China
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
268
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2007-06-29
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2007-07-02
關鍵字
Keywords
美國、中國、新自由主義、新現實主義、出口管制
China, America, Export Control, Neo-Realism, Neo-liberalism
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5725 次,被下載 0
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5725 times, has been downloaded 0 times.
中文摘要
論文在於提出一個分析美國出口管制的理論架構,探討美國對中國出口管制的起源、轉變、策略與面對的挑戰。冷戰至今美國對中國出口管制,主要基於新現實主義強調的國家安全與新自由主義強調的經濟利益為考量,並視美國面臨的國內外政治與經濟環境的轉變而調整。冷戰結束後美國並未廢止冷戰期間建立的單邊與多邊出口管制制度,911事件後美國更以反恐怖主義理由強化出口管制,並順勢將崛起的中國納入主要管制對象,達到美國的全球治理目的。美國建立的出口管制制度,具有彈性反應、等待機會的政策特質,對我國在兩岸關係、國防與外交政策制定上產生重要的啟示。
Abstract
Analysis of the America’s Export Controls toward China is based on theoretical framework that will explore the process of decision-making, transformation, strategy, and challenge of the America’s export controls toward China. Since the Cold War, America adjusts her export controls towards China with two theoretical approaches: Neo-realism focuses on national security and Neo-liberalism focuses on economical benefits, while its export control towards China has been dictated by the transformation of her international and domestic political economic environments. Following the Cold War, instead of abolishing it’s unilateral and multilateral export controls, and motivated by the 911 incident and its anti-terrorism policy, America further strengthens its export controls and appropriately adapts the rising China to become one of its major export control countries so to reach global governance. The flexible and waiting-for-opportunity characters of America’s export controls bring about some vital implications to Taiwan’s policy-making in issue-areas including cross-strait relations, defense policy, and foreign relations.
目次 Table of Contents
第一章 緒 論………………………………………………………...1

第一節 研究動機與目的………………………………………………1

第二節 文獻回顧……………………………………………… ……...5

第三節 研究方法與研究途徑…………………………………….….10

第四節 研究定義、範圍與限制……………………………………..15

第五節 研究章節安排………………………………………………..20

第二章 理論基礎與分析架構..……………………………………...21

第一節 出口管制理論研究…………………………………………..21

第二節 美國的出口管制策略………………………………………..33

第三節 分析架構……………………………………………………..43

第三章 美國對中國出口管制起源:杜魯門政府決策分析……….49

第一節 對中國問題的認知………………………………………….49

第二節 國內因素的影響…………………………………………….59

第三節 結構因素的限制…………………………………………….70

第四節 小結………………………………………………………….77

第四章 美國對中國出口管制演變(1950-2006)…………………….79

第一節 經濟制裁期(1950-1969)……………………………………..79

第二節 管制鬆綁期(1970-1988)……………………………………..89

第三節 管制緊縮、鬆綁磨合期(1989-2001)………………………..98

第四節 管制緊縮建構期(2002--2006)………………………………105

第五節 小結………………………………………………………….110

第五章 美國對中國單邊出口管制…………………………………113

第一節 美國出口管理法的變遷…………………………………….113

第二節 美國對中國出口管制規範………………………………….125

第三節 美國對中國出口管制的聯結議題………………………….131

第四節 小結………………………………………………………….145

第六章 美國領導盟國對中國多邊出口管制………………………147

第一節 國際多邊出口管制的成立與演變………………………….147

第二節 中國委員會(1952-1957)與美國的多邊出口管制……….…159

第三節 美國與歐盟對武器禁售中國的合作與衝突……………….167

第四節 小結………………………………………………………….176

第七章 全球化下中國對美國出口管制的回應……………………177

第一節 全球化對國家主權的衝擊………………………………….177

第二節 全球化下美國對中國出口管制的挑戰…………………….185

第三節 中國對美國出口管制的回應…………………………….....194

第四節 小結…………...……………………………………………..210

第八章 研究發現與結論……………………………………………211

第一節 系統理論對國際關係研究的影響………………………….211

第二節 出口管制的權變反應特質………………………………….218

第三節 出口管制的理論意含對台灣的啟示……………………….222


附錄一:1949年以來美國對中國出口管制措施摘要……………………227

參考書目…………………………………………………………………….237
參考文獻 References
參考書目




一、中文


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(二)、期刊與論文


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(三)、學位論文


張志豪,“美國技術出口管制與兩岸半導體產業發展問題之研究,” 國立中山大學大陸研究所碩士論文,2004年。



(四)、報紙


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王金存,“全球民主化─掩蓋美國的霸權,”新華社 (北京),1999年5月27日。



(五)、網路資料


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“中國間諜案被迫收場,李文和怒稱美政府應該道歉,”環球時報網站,2006年6月5日。http://big5.china.com.cn/chinese/HIAW/1230655.htm.

李啟明,“大陸能源海外收購受挫 曾慶紅:要統籌協調多做少說,”ETToday網路新聞網,2005年9月7日。http://weather.ettoday.com/2005/09/07/162-1841236.htm.

“京都議定書正式生效,美國拒絕批准,” 大紀元時報 (洛杉磯),2005年2月18日。http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/5/2/27/n814896.htm.

“胡錦濤對台政策新提議備受關注,”新華網,http://big5.china.com.cn/chinese/TCC/haixia/974146.htm., 2005年9月19日。

“扁昔日大金主張榮發公開支持一國兩制,”中國新聞網,2006年5月15日。http://news.sina.com.com.tw/china/chinanews/cn/2006-05-15/1022138123.shtml

“美國對華技術出口管制風波又起兩公司受指控,”中國新聞網,2003年1月2日。http://www.chinanews.com.cn/2003-01-02/26/259582.html.

“美國國會要求五角大夏不得向中國訂購美軍軍服,”環球時報網站,2006年6月4日。http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/mil/2006-06/04/content_4643487.htm.

“歐盟回應中國對歐盟白皮書,”BBC Online Network , 2003年10月13日。http://news.bbc.co.uk/chinese/trad/hi/newsid_3180000/newsid_3186300/3186330.stm.

“歐盟月底檢討對華武器禁運,” BBC Online Network , 2004年3月17日。http://news.bbc.co.uk/chinese/trad/hi/newsid_3510000/newsid_3519000/3519096.stm

“歐洲會議透過決議歐盟目前不解除對華軍售禁令,”新華網,2005年4月14日http:// big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/world/

黎堡,“國會一週”美國之音中文網,2005年6月5日。http://www.voafanti.com/gate/big5/www.voanews.com/chinese/archive/2005-06/w2005-06-05-voa47.cfm.



二、英文


(一)、Books


Acheson, Dean. Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department. New York: W.W. Norton& Company, 1969.

Adams, Gordon. The Iron Triangle: Politics of Defense Contracting. New York: Council on Economic Priorities, 1981.

Alberts, David S. Information Age and Transformation: Getting to a 21st Century Military. Washington, D.C.: CCRP Publication Series, 2002.

Allison, Graham and Philip Zelikow. Essence of Decision :Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc, 1999.

Andler-Karlsson, Gunnar. Western Economic Warfare: 1947-1967. Stockholm, Sweden: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1968.

Askari , Hossein G., John Forrer, Hildy Teegen, and Jiawen Yang. Case Studies of U.S. Economic Sanctions. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Publisher, 2003.

Babbie, Earl. The Practice of Social Research. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1995.

Baker, James A. III. The Politics of Diplomacy. New York: G.P. Putnam, 1995.

Balanceing the National Interest: U.S. National Security Export Controls and Global Economic Competition . Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1987.

Baldwin, David A. Economic Statecraft. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1985.

──.ed. Paradox of Power. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1989.

──. ed. Neorealism and Neoliberalism: The Contemporary Debate. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.

Barker, Joseph. ed. American Policy toward China: A Report on the Views of Leading Citizen in Twenty-Three cities . New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1950.

Bauer, Raymond, Ithiel de Sola, and Lewis Dexter. American Business and Public Policy: The Politics of Foreign Trade .New York: Atherton Press, 1963.

Baylis, John and Steve Smith. ed. The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

Beck, Michael D. ed., To supply or to deny: Comparing nonproliferation export controls in five key countries. New York: The Hague Press, 2003.

Becker, William H. and Samuel F. Wells, Jr. ed. Economics and World Power: An Assessment of American Diplomacy Since 1789. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.

Benson, Michael T. Harry S. Truman and the Founding of Israel. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 1997.

Benson, Sumner. “The Security Perspective on Export Control Policy in the 1990s,” in Export Controls in Transition: Perspectives, Problems, and Prospects, ed., by Gary K. Bertsch and Elliott-Gower, 9-36. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1992.

──.” United States Policy on Strategic Trade With the Soviet Bloc,” in Economic Relations with the Soviet Union, ed., by Angela E. Stent, 101. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1985.

Berlack, Evan R. and Cecil Hunt. Coping with U.S. Export Controls. New York: Practising Law Institute, 2001.

Bertsch, Gary K. “American Politics and Trade with the USSR,” in Trade, Technology, and Soviet-American Relations, ed., by Bruce Parrott, 244-45. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1985.

──.ed, Controlling East-West Trade and Technology Transfer: Power, Politics, and Policies.Duharm and London: Duke University Press, 1988.

Bertsch, Gary K and Elliott-Gower, ed. Export Controls in Transition: Perspectives, Problems, and Prospects. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1992.

Bertsch, Gary K. and John R. Mclntyre, ed. National Security and Technology Transfer . Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1983.

Bernstein, Richard. And Ross H. Munro. The Coming Conflict with China. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Press, 1997.

Borg , Dorothy and Waldo Heinrichs. Uncertain Years: Chinese –American Relations, 1947-1950. New York: Columbia University Press, 1980.

Bryen, Stephen D. “Why We Must Strengthen National Security Export Controls,” in Law and Policy of Export Control, ed., by Homer E. Moyer, Jr et.al., 536. Chicago: American Bar Association, 1993.

Brzezinski, Zbigniew. Power and Principle: Memoirs of the National Security Adviser, 1977-1981. New York: Farrar Straus & Giroux Press, 1983.

Bull, Hedley. The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics. New York, Columbia University Press, 1977.

Burrows, Gideon. The No-Nonsense Guide to the Arms Trade. New York: New Internationalist, 2002.

Bush, Geore. All the Best: My Life in Letters and Other Writtings . New York: Scribner, 1999.

Bush, George, Brent Scowcroft, A World Transformed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Press, 1998.

Bush, Richard C. Religion in Communist China. New York: Abingdon Press, 1970.

Buzan, Barry. People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era. Boulder, Colrorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991.

Buzan, Barry Ole, Waver, and Jaap de Wilde, Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publisher, Inc, 1998.

Carroll, Holbert N. The House of Representatives and Foreign Affairs. Pittsburg: University of Pittsburg Press, 1958.

Carter, Barry E. International Economic Sanctions: Improving the Haphazard U.S. Legal Regime. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

Chanda, Nayan. Brother Enemy: The War after the War. New York and London: Harcourt Brace Jovanovitch, 1986.

Chang, Gordon H. Friends and enemies: The United States, China and the Soviet Union, 1948-1972. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1990.

Chi-Kwan Mark. Hong Kong and the Cold War: Anglo-American Relations, 1949-1957 . New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Christensen, Tomas J. Useful Adversaries: Grand Strategy, Domestic Mobilization, and Sino-American Conflict, 1947-1958. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1996.

Cohen, Benjamin J. ed. American Foreign Economic Policy:Essays and Comments. New York: Harper and Row, 1968.

Cohen, Jerome A, Robert F. Dernberger, and John R. Garson. China Trade Prospects and U.S’s Policy. New York: Praeger Press, 1971.

Cohen, Stephen, David Teece, Laura D’Andrea Tyson, and John Zysman. Global Competition: The New Reality, The Report of the President’s Commission on Industrial Competitiveness. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1985.

Cohen, Warren I. “Acheson, His Advisors, and China, 1949-1950,” in Uncertain Years: Chinese –American Relations, 1947-1950, ed., by Dorothy Borg and Waldo Heinrichs, 56. New York: Columbia University Press, 1980.

──. “ The United States and China Since 1945,” in New Frontiers in American-East Asian Relations, ed., by Warren Cohen, 136-37. New York: Columbia University Press, 1983.

──. ed. New Frontiers in American-East Asian Relations. New York: Columbia University Press, 1983.

──. America’s Response to China:A History of Sino-American Relations. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990.

── .The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations, Volume IV: America in the Age of Soviet Powers. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993.Cooper, Richard. The Economics of Interdependence: Economic Policy in the Atlantic Community . New York: McGraw Hill, 1968.

Crawford, Beverly. “Changing Export Controls in an Interdependent World: Lessons from the Toshiba Case for the 1990s, ” in Export Controls in Transition: Perspectives, Problems, and Prospects, ed., by Gary K. Bertsch and Elliott-Gower, 249-290. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1992.

Creswell, John W. Reaearch Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication Ltd., 2003.

Cumings, Bruce. Origins of the Korean War, vol.2. New York: Cornell University Press, 2004.

Cupitt, Richard T. Reluctant Champions: U.S. Presidential Policy and Strategic Export Controls. New York: Routledge Press, 2000.

Dahl, Robert A. Congress and Foreign Policy. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, Publishers, 1983.

Dale, Robert A, and Charles E. Lindblom. Politics, Economics, and Welfare. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976.

Defense Science Board Task Force. Defense Semiconductor Dependency. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, 1987.

DeGraffenreid, Kenneth ed. The Cox Report. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing Inc,1999.

Department of State. The China White Paper: August 1949 . Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1967.

── American Foreign Policy (1950-1995): Basic Documents, vol. ii. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── Foreign Relations of United States,1948, vol. vii. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── Foreign Relations of United States, 1949, vol. vii. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── Foreign Relations of United States, 1949, vol. ix. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── Foreign Relations of United States, 1951, vol. vii. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── Foreign Relations of United States, 1952-1954, vol. i. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── Foreign Relations of United States, 1952-1954, vol. vi. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── Foreign Relations of United States,, 1952-1954, vol. xii. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── Foreign Relations of United States, 1952-1954, vol. xiv. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── Foreign Relations of United States, 1958-1960, vol. iv. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office.

── US-China Science and Technology Cooperation. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2002.

Diehl, Paul F. The Politics of Global Governance. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc., 2001.

Domhoff, William. “Who Made American Foreign Policy 1945-1963?,” in Corporations and the Cold War, ed., by David Horowitz, 25-69. New York: The Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation, 1969.

Dudziak, Mary L. Cold War Civil Rights: Race and Image of American Democracy. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2000.

Dulles, Foster Rhea. American Policy toward Communist China. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1972.

Easton, David. System Analysis of Political Life. New York: Wiley Press, 1965.

Edelman, M. Politics as Symbolic Action. Chicago: Markham Press, 1971.

Eftimiades, Nicholas. Chinese Intelligence Operations. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute, 1994.

Eikenberry, Karl W. Explaining and Influencing Chinese Arms Transfers. Washington, D.C: Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 1995.

Etzold, Thomas H, John Lewis Gaddis. Containment: Documents on American Policy and Strategy, 1945-1950 . New York: Columbia University Press, 1978.

Evans, Peter B. ed. Double=Edged Diplomacy: International Bargain and Domestic Politics. Berkely, CA: University of California Press, 1993.

──. ed. Bring the State Back in. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Findlay, Christopher and Andrew Watson, “ Economic growth and trade dependency in China,” in China Rising:Nationalism and Interdependence, ed., by David S. G. Goodman and Gerald Segal, 108. New York: Routledge Press, 1997.

Fishman, Ted C. China•INC: How the Rise of the Next Superpower Challenges America and The World. New York: Scribner, 2005.

Freedenberg, Paul. “The Commercial Perspective, ” in Export Controls in Transition: Perspectives, Problems, and Prospects, ed., by Gary K. Bertsch and Elliott-Gower, 37-58. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1992.

Frieden, Jeffry A. and David A. Lake. ed. International Political Economy. New York: Wadsworth Publishing, 1999.

Fukuyama, Francis. The End of History and the Last Man. New York: The Free Press, 1992.

Funigiello, Philip J. American-Soviet Trade in the Cold War. Chapel and London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1988.

Gansler, Jacques S. Defense Conversion:Transforming the Arsenal of Democracy.Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1995.

Garson, Robert. The United States and China since 1949. London: Pinter Publishers, 1994.

Garthoff, Raymond L. Detente and Confrontation: American-Soviet Relation from Nixon to Reagan .Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1985.

Gates, Robert M. From the Shadows: The Ultimate Insider’s Story of five Presidents and How They Won the Cold War. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.

Geertz, Clifford. The Interpretations of Culture. New York: Basic Books, 1973.

Gertz, Bill. Betrayal: How the Clinton Administration Undermined American Security .Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing, 1999.

Gilpin, Robert. U.S. Power and the Multinational Corporation. New York: Basic Books, 1975.

──. War and Change in World Politics. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1981.

──. The Political Economy of International Relations. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1987.

Goldman, Charles A. and Jonathan D. Pollack. Engaging China in the International Export Control Process: Options for U.S. Policy. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 1997.

Goodman, David S. G. and Gerald Segal. Ed. China Rising:Nationalism and interdependence. New York: Routedge Press, 1997.

Granger, John V. Technology and International Relations. San Francisco, CA:W.H. Freeman, 1979.

Crabb, Cecil. V. and Pat M. Holt,edited. Invitation to Struggle: Congress, the President and Foreign Policy . Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, 1992.

Grasso, June M. Truman’s Two-China Policy. New York: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1987.

Greenwalt, Bruce S. Missionary Intelligence from China: American Protestant Reports, 1930-1950. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: Ph. D. dissertation, 1974.

Gregor, A. James. The Iron Triangle: A U.S. Security Policy for Northeast Asia. Standford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, Stanford University, 1984.

Grunberg, Isabelle and Sarbuland Khan. Globalization: The United Nations Development Dialogue. New York: United Nations University Press, 2000.

Halperin, Morton H. and Priscilla A. Clapp. Bureaucratic Politics and Foreign Policy .Washington, D.C: The Brooking Institution, 2006.

Hague, Rod, M. Harrop, and Breslin. Political Science: A Comparative Introduction, New York: Worth Publisher, 1998.

Haig, Alexander. Caveat. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1984.

Hanson, Philip. Western Economic Statecraft in East-West Relations. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul for the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1988.

Hasenclever, Andreas, Peter Mayer, and Volker Rittberger. Theories of International Regimes. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Haas, Peter. “Epistemic Communities and Dynamics of International Environmental Cooperation,” in Regime Theory and International Relations, ed., by Volker Rittberger, 174-176. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.

Haass, Richard N.ed. Economic Sanctions and American Diplomacy. New York: The Council on Foreign Relations Press,1998.

Harding, Harry. A Fragile Relationship: The United States and China since 1972. Washington D.C.: The Brooking Institution, 1992.

Heinz, John. U. S. Strategic Trade: An Export Control System for the 1990s .New York: Westview Press, 1991.

Held, David and Anthony McGrew. The Global Transformations Reader: An Introduction to the Globalization Debate . Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers Inc., 2000.

──. Governing Globalization: Power, Authority and Global Governance . Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers Inc., 2002.

Henkin, Louis. Foreign Affairs and the Constitution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Hirst, Paul and Grahame Thompson. Globalization in Question. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers Inc., 1996.

Hirschhorn, Eric L. The Export Control and Embargo Handbook. New York: Oceana Publications, Inc., 2005.

Hill, Michael. The Policy Process in the Modern State. Bodmin, Cornwall: Hartnoll Limited, 1997.

Hillenbrand, Martin J. “Export Control Policy in the 1990s: The Diplomatic Perspective,” in Export Controls in Transition: Perspectives, Problems, and Prospects, ed., by Gary K. Bertsch and Elliott-Gower, 59-72. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1992.

Hofhansel, Claus. Commercial Competition and National Security : Comparing U.S. and German Export Control Policies. London: Praeger Publisher, 1996.

Hogan , Michael J. and Thomas G. Paterson, ed. Explaining the History of American Foreign Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Hogwood, B.W. and L. Gunn. Policy Analysis for the Real World. London: Oxford University Press, 1984.

Holdridge, J. Crossing the Divide. New York: Rowman Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 1997.

Holloway, David. The Soviet Union and the Arms Race. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984.

Holsti, Ole. Content Analysis for the Social Science and Humanities. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley, 1969.

Holsti, Ole. et al. Change in International System. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1980.

Horowitz, David. ed. Corporations and the Cold War. New York: The Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation, 1969.

Hull, Cordell. The Memoirs of Cordell Hull . New York: Mcmillan Company, 1948.

Huang, Yasheng. Selling China: Foreign Direct Investment in the Reform Era. New York: Camgridge University Press, 2003.

Iriye, Akira. The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations(volume III): The Globalizing of America, 1913-1945. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

──. The Cold War in Asia: A Historical Introduction. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1974.

Jaquet, Louis G. M.ed. Intervention in International Politics. The Hague: Nertherlands Institute of International Affairs, 1971.

Jenkins, W.I. Policy Analysis. London: Martin Robertson, 1978.

Johnston, Alastair Iain. Cultural Realism: Strategic Culture and Grand Strategy in Chinese History . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995.

Kagan, Robert. Of Paradise and Power: America and Europe in the New Order. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Press, 2003.

Katzenstein, Peter. ed. Between Power and Plenty: Foreign Economic Policies of Advanced Industrial States. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978.

Kaufman, Burton I. Trade and Aid:Eisenhower’s Foreign Economic Policy: 1953-1961. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.

──. The Korea War: Challenge in Crisis, Crebility, and Command. New York: Migraw Hill, 1986.

Kennedy, Paul. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers . New York: Random House, Inc, 1987.

Keohane, Robert O. “The Theory of Hegemonic Stability and Changes in International Economic Regimes, 1967-1977,” in Change in the International System, ed., by Ole Holsti, et al., 131-162. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1980.

──. “The Demand for International Regimes,” in International Regimes, ed., by Stephen D. Krasner, 141-171. New York: Cornell University Press, 1983.

──. After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1984.

──. ed. Neorealism and Its Critics. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.

──. “Realism, Neorealism, and the Study of World Politics,” in Neorealism and its Critics, ed., by Robert O. Keohane, 1-27. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.

──. “Theory of World Politics: Structural Realism and Beyond,” in Neorealism and its Critics, ed., by Robert O. Keohane, 158-203. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.

──. ed. International Institutions and State Power: Essays in International Relations Theory. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1989.

──. “Neo-liberalism: A Perspective on World Politics,” in International Institutions and State Power: Essays in International Relations Theory, ed., by Robert O. Keohane, 1-20. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1989.

──. Power and Governance in a Partially Globalized World. London and New York: Rouhtledge Press, 2002.

Keohane, Robert O. and Joseph S. Nye. Power and Interdependence. New York: Longman Press, 2001.

──. “Introduction,” in Governance in A Globalizing World, ed., by Joseph S. Nye Jr. and John D. Donahue, 12. Washington, D.C.: Brooking Institution Press, 2000.

Keohane, Robert O., Joseph S. Nye, and Stanley Hoffmann, ed., After the Cold War: International Institutions and State Strategies in Europe, 1989-1991.Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.

Keohane, Robert O. and Helen Milner, ed. Internationalization and Domestic Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Kindleberger, Charles P. The World in Depression, 1929-1939. Berkeley, CA:University of California Press, 1986.

Kissinger, Henry. A World Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh and the Problems of Peace 1812-1822. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1973.

──. White House Years. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1979.

──. Years of Upheaval . Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1982.

Kleinberg, Robert. China’s Opening to the Outside World: The Experiment with Foreign Capitalism .Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1990.

Koen, Ross Y. China Lobby in American Politics. New York: Harper&Row, 1974.

Kraft, Victoria Marie. The U.S. Constitution and Foreign Policy: Terminating the Taiwn Treaty. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.

Krasner, Stephen D. Defending the National Interest. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1978.

──.” United States Commercial and Monetary Policy: Unravelling the Paradox of External Strength and Internal Weakness,” in Between Power and Plenty: Foreign Economic Policies of Advanced Industrial States, ed., by Peter Katzenstein, 51-87. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978.

──.ed. International Regimes. New York: Cornell University Press, 1983.

Kusnitz, Leonard A. Public Opinion and Foreign Policy:America’s China Policy, 1949-1979. London: Greenwood Press, 1984.

Lasher, Kevin J. and Kevin F.F. Quigley. “U.S. Export Control Policy: Pressures, Problems, and Prospects for Reform,” in Export Controls in Transition: Perspectives, Problems, and Prospects, ed., by Bertsch, Gary K and Elliott-Gower, 294-297. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1992.

Latourette, Kenneth Scott. The American Record in the Far East, 1945-1951. New York: The Macmillan Co., 1952.

Lampton, David M. “China Policy in Clinton’s First Year,” in Beyond MFN: Trade with China and American Interests, ed., by James R. Lilley and Wendell L. Willkie II, 13-20. Washington , D.C.: The AEI Press, 1994.

──. Same Bed Different Dreams: Managing U.S.-China Relations, 1989-2000. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: The Regents of the University of California, 2001.

Lampton, David M., Joyce A. Madancy, and Kristen M. Williams. A Relationship Restored: Trends in U.S.-China Educational Exchange, 1978-1984 .Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1986.

Leifer, Michael. Selected Works on Southeast Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2001.

Leyton-Brown, David. ed. The Utility of International Economic Sanctions.London: Croom Helm, 1987.

Licklider, Roy. “The Utility of the Arab Oil Weapon, 1973-1974,” in The Utility of International Economic Sanctions, ed., by David Leyton-Brown, 167-81. London: Croom Helm Press, 1987.

Lilley, James R., and Wendell L. Willkie II. Beyond MFN: Trade with China and American Interests .Washington , D.C.: The AEI Press, 1994.

Lindsay, James M. Congress and the Politics of U.S. Foreign Policy. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopskins University Press, 1994.

Long, William J. “The Executive, Congress, and Interest Groups in U.S. Export Control Policy: The National Organization of Power,” in Controlling East-West Trade And Technology Transfer, ed., by Gary K. Bertsch, 36-34, 47. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1988.

──. U.S. Export Control Policy: Executive V.S. Congressional Reform. New York: Clumbia University Press, 1989.

Lord, Winston. “Testimony,” in United States-China Relations: Current Tensions, Policy Choices, ed., by Barber B. Conable, Jr.,et. al, 26. National Committee on U.S.-China Relations and Council on Foreign Relations, July 1996.

Lubman, Stanley B. “Trade and Sino-American Relations,” in Dragon and Eagle: United States-China Relations, Past and Future, ed., by Michael Oksenberg and Robert B. Oxnam, 187-210. New York: Basic Books, 1978.

Lugar, Richard G. Letters to the Next President. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988.

Lutz, Jessie. China and the Christian Colleges, 1850-1950. New York: Cornell University Press, 1971.

Malone, David M. “A Decade of U.S. Unilateralism?,” in Unilateralism and U.S. Foreign Policy: International Perspectives, ed., by David M. Malone and Yuen Foong Khong, 33-34. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers Inc., 2003.

Malone, David M, Yuen Foong Khong. eds. Unilateralism and U.S. Foreign Policy: International Perspectives. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc., 2003.

Mann, James. About Face: A History of America’s Curious Relationship with China, From Nixon to Clinton. New York: Vintage Books, 2000.

Mark, Chi-Kwan. Hong Kong and the Cold War: Anglo-American Relations: 1949-1957. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Marsh, David and Gerry Stoker edited, Theory and Methods in Political Science. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.

Mastanduno, Michael. The Nuclear Revolution: International Politics Before and After Hiroshima. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1981.

──. “The Management of Alliance Export Control Policy: American Leadership and the Politics of CoCom,” in Control East-West Trade and Technology Transfer: Power, Politics and Policies , ed., by Gary K. Bertsch, 241-79. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1988.

──. Economic Containment: CoCom and the Politics of East-West Trade. New York: Cornell University Press, 1992.

Matray, James I. The Reluctant Crude: American Foreign Policy in Korea, 1941-1950 .Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1985.

May, Ernest R. and John K. Fairbank. eds. America’s China Trade in Historical Perspective: The Chinese and American Performance. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1986.

McDaniel, Douglas E. United States Technology Export Control. London: Praeger Publisher, 1993.

McKitterick, Nathaniel. East-West Trade: The Background of U.S. Policy. New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1966.

McIntyre, John R. and Richard T. Cupitt. “Multilateral Strategic Trade Controls within the Western Alliance,” in National Security and Technology Transfer, ed., by Gary K. Bertsch and John R. Mclntyre, 145-146. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1983.

Mearsheimer, John J. Conventional Deterrence . New York: Cornell University Press, 1983.

Mederiros, Evan S. Chasing the Dragon: Assessing China’s System of Export Controls for WMD-Related Goods and Technologies. Santa Monica, CA: RAND , 2005.

Medvedev, Roy. China and Superpowers. Oxford: Blackwell, 1986.

Melman, Seymour Pentagon Capitalism: The Political Economy of War. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1970.

Merkley, Paul Charles. American Presidents, Religion, and Israel: The Heir of Cyrus . Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2004.

Merrill, Dennis and Thomas G. Paterson. Major Problems in American Foreign Relations: Volume II: Since 1914. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005.

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