北太平洋中層水(North Pacific Intermediate Water, NPIW)的長期變化與全球氣候變遷息息相關，但過去受限於研究材料與指標的缺乏，導致我們對NPIW的長期變遷過程認識不多。本研究希望利用ODP1210A岩芯沉積物中的不飽和烯酮類和浮游有孔蟲殼體鎂鈣比值，分別推估表層及次表層的海水溫度紀錄，以之代表混合層深度的水文演變，來重建西北太平洋Shatsky Rise地區的垂直水體結構變化，討論過去18萬年來西北太平洋地區海水層化現象，藉此探討北太平洋中層水循環的長期演變；瞭解北太平洋中層水的循環表現和氣候事件發生機制之間的關聯性。
研究結果顯示，利用表層及次表層溫度差值來重建層化紀錄的方法，適用於Shatsky Rise地區，但在利用此方法計算溫度差值時，使用的溫度換算公式會放大其溫度誤差範圍，因此，建議使用溫度換算公式誤差值較小的有孔蟲蟲種為佳。而ODP1210A的U_37^(k^' )溫度變化資料顯示Shatsky Rise地區在MIS 5e時有溫度偏低現象發生，而此現象並非副極區鋒面(subarctic front)南北移動造成，而可能是黑潮延伸流(Kuroshio Extension)劇烈擺盪所造成的區域性現象。綜合重建的表層與次表層海水溫度(ΔTU-N和ΔTU-G)發現，ΔTU-G相較於ΔTU-N可能較容易受到季節性變化影響，因此，ΔTU-N較能代表當地海水的垂直循環變化。從ΔTU-N的溫度差值結果發現，MIS 2相較於MIS 6溫暖，而在MIS 3晚期則有混合層深度增加的現象。此外，根據ΔTU-N與ΔTU-G的紀錄，均發現在暖期時，Shatsky Rise地區層化現象較明顯，混合層的深度變淺，可能不利於NPIW的形成，而在冷期時，混合層深度則變深的現象，層化現象較差，則有利於NPIW的形成，同時NPIW的循環可能增強。

The North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) plays an important role on driving the global climate change, which can control the heat transportation from low to high latitude. However, the long-term changes of NPIW are still rare understood. In this study, by using Unsaturated Alkenone Index (U_37^(k^' )) and foraminiferal Mg/Ca to represent the different temperature of water depths, the historical hydrography evolution of water profile can be reconstructed. Therefore, we can investigate the relationship between climate events and the circulation changes in northwestern Pacific.As the result, using ΔT to reconstruct the mixed layer change is applicable in Shatsky Rise, and we suggest to use other species which have small estimating errors, in order to get more reliability results on western Pacific paleoceanographic studies. The U_37^(k^' ) temperatures reveal a regional cold period during MIS 5e in Shatsky Rise, which is probably not caused by the movement of Subarctic Front, but the violently fluctuation of the Kuroshio Extension. The result ofΔTU-N and ΔTU-G show thatΔTU-G are more sensitive than ΔTU-N, in which that ΔTU-N is more truly represent the change of NPIW. Reconstructed ΔTU-N and ΔTU-G curves indicate that MIS 2 is warmer than MIS6. Otherwise, ventilation age data confirmed that the mixed layer is deeper during the late MIS 3. In MIS 5, both ΔTU-N and ΔTU-G records illustrate the increased mixed layer depth during warm periods, but decreased in cold periods. Therefore, the stratification is weakened which the circulation of NPIW can be strengthen during the cold periods.

致謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
第一章、緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2研究區域 3
1.3重建古海洋層化現象之原理與方法 5
1.3.1 不飽和烯酮類指標 5
1.3.2 有孔蟲鎂鈣比值 6
1.3.3 實驗假設 7
1.4 研究目的 9
第二章、材料與方法 10
2.1 實驗材料 10
2.2 年代模式 11
2.3 不飽和烯酮類分析 12
2.3.1 藥品與儀器 12
2.3.2 分析前處理 14
2.3.3 儀器分析方法 16
2.4 有孔蟲殼體分析 18
2.4.1 穩定同位素分析 18
2.4.2 殼體鎂鈣分析 19
第三章、研究結果 21
3.1 穩定同位素結果 21
3.1.1 穩定氧同位素 21
3.1.2 穩定碳同位素 23
3.2 不飽和烯酮類結果 24
3.3 殼體鎂鈣比值 26
3.4 過去十八萬年混合層變化紀錄重建 28
第四章、討論 30
4.1 Shatsky Rise地區MIS 5e低溫現象 30
4.2重建層化現象之數值變化意義 32
4.3西北太平洋地區層化現象與氣候變化之關係 34
第五章、結論 35
第六章、參考文獻 36

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