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博碩士論文 etd-0809114-023901 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0809114-023901
論文名稱
Title
顆粒態有機碳通量在不同海域之短期變動
Short-term variation of particulate organic carbon fluxes in different marine environments
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
71
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2014-07-01
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2014-09-09
關鍵字
Keywords
短時間佈放、顆粒態有機碳通量、時間序列、沉積物收集器、顆粒溶解
particle solubilization, POC flux, sediment trap, time-series, short-term deployment
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5889 次,被下載 123
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5889 times, has been downloaded 123 times.
中文摘要
沉積物收集器常被用來收集大洋中的沉降顆粒,長時間的佈放(數天到幾個星期)經常被廣泛的運用來估算透光層底部的顆粒態有機碳(POC)通量,然而長時間的佈放需要考慮到船期的長短、不能預測的天氣以及漁船作業的干擾,這些因素都可能造成收集器的損壞或遺失。為了了解短時間佈放的收集器所收到的樣本,可以具有代表性及用來估算POC通量,因此,本研究藉由佈放短時間序列的收集器於不同海域,含括東海南部、南海北部與西北太平洋。本研究結果顯示,收集器所收到的總質量及POC皆隨時間而逐漸增加,且有顯著正相關,顯示收集器收集的沉降顆粒與收集時間成一定比例。這樣的結果與各測站收集器施放前及施放後所流經的水體其溫鹽性質相似有關,且與水體中葉綠素甲積分值和POC儲量在收集器施放前及施放後僅有微小的變動有關。顆粒態有機碳通量(average ± SD)在東海南部為134 ± 32 mg m−2 d−1、南海北部為23 ± 5 mg m−2 d−1 以及西北太平洋為73 ± 4 mg m−2 d−1,POC通量沒有明顯的日夜差異。整體來說,以上結果三個不同海域的結果均支持由收集器短時間的佈放結果,可以估算合理的POC通量值,此方法也可減少因顆粒溶解,使得通量有被低估的情況。再者,收集器的佈放時間短,可減少收集器遺失的可能性。
Abstract
Sediment traps have been used to directly collect sinking particles in the ocean. Long-term (days to weeks) deployment of sediment traps are frequently used to measure particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes at the bottom of the euphotic zone of the ocean. However, long-term deployment of traps may confront difficulties, for example, longer deployment-recovery time (at least 24 hours), unexpected weather conditions, and/or interference by fishing activity, which may result in trap damage or lost. To better understand if short-term (hours) trap deployment can be used to evaluate POC fluxes in the ocean, we conducted short-term deployment of floating sediment traps and measured fluxes of sinking POC in different marine environments, including the southern East China Sea, northern South China Sea and western North Pacific Ocean. The results demonstrate that total trapped masses and POC significantly and positively correlated with deployment time at all the study sites, suggesting that fluxes of mass and POC in sinking particles are proportional to deployment time. At all the study sites, the characteristics of the water column did not show remarkable variation before and after deployments of sediment traps; moreover, the integrated chlorophyll a concentrations and POC inventories in the water column exhibited only small variation during trap-deployment periods. POC fluxes (average ± SD) were 134 ± 32 mg m−2 d−1 in the southern East China Sea, 23 ± 5 mg m−2 d−1 in the northern South China Sea and 73 ± 4 mg m−2 d−1 in the western North Pacific Ocean. Particle fluxes had no remarkable diel variation. Overall, the results of this study suggest that short-term deployment of sediment traps can be used to evaluate POC fluxes in the ocean if the characteristics of the water column are stable. Such the short-term deployment of traps could potentially reduce the error in POC flux estimation caused by particle solubilization and the probability of trap damage or lost.
目次 Table of Contents
論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
第一章、緒論 1
1.1全球氣候變遷 1
1.2大洋中碳循環機制 2
1.3顆粒態有機碳 3
1.4研究現況 4
1.4.1水流的影響 (hydrodynamics biases): 6
1.4.2浮游動物 (zooplankton): 6
1.4.3顆粒溶解 (particle solubilization) 7
1.5研究目的 8
第二章、材料與方法 11
2.1研究區域 11
2.1.1東海南部 (Southern East China Sea) 11
2.1.2 南海北部(Northern South China Sea) 12
2.1.3西北太平洋(Western North Pacific) 13
2.2採樣及分析方法 15
2.2.1水文參數 15
2.2.2懸浮顆粒態有機碳 15
2.2.3收集沉降顆粒態有機碳 16
2.2.4無機營養鹽 19
2.2.5葉綠素a 19
2.2.6 顆粒態有機碳及氮之元素含量測定 20
2.2.7質量通量、碳及氮之通量計算 22
第三章 結果與討論 25
3.1水文環境特徵 25
3.1.1東海南部 25
3.1.2南海北部 29
3.1.3西北太平洋 33
3.2總質量、碳及氮之時序變化 36
3.3顆粒態有機碳通量實際值與估計值比較 45
3.4收集器短期佈放之變動 48
3.5短時間序列之顆粒溶解 49
第四章、結論 52
第五章、參考文獻 57
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