本實驗研究東沙潮間帶之白肋、黑肋與漁舟蜑螺之生活史以及垂直分布。於漲潮及退潮以皮尺及雷射水平儀測量三種蜑螺在消波塊上的垂直分布發現三種蜑螺在退潮時並無顯著差異，而當漲潮時白肋蜑螺分布最高，黑肋蜑螺次之，漁舟蜑螺最低。黑肋與白肋蜑螺於退潮時會隨著潮水由高潮帶向低潮帶垂直移動，其漲退潮之分布差距以重複取樣法 (resampling) 計算中位數分別為:白肋蜑螺83.5 cm、黑肋蜑螺81.5 cm與漁舟蜑螺17.5 cm。觀察三種蜑螺的生殖腺有無並以重複取樣法計算95%信賴區間發現三種蜑螺出現生殖腺之最小殼寬分別為白肋蜑螺9.5－10.1 mm，黑肋蜑螺12.6－13.4 mm 與漁舟蜑螺9.9－11.1 mm 。藉由標識放流法每隔兩個月測量一次殼寬，為期八個月，並將三種蜑螺出現生殖腺時之殼寬代入以FiSAT II分析所得之成長曲線中可知三種蜑螺中以漁舟蜑螺出現生殖腺時年齡最小，黑肋蜑螺次之，白肋蜑螺最慢。三種蜑螺出現生殖腺之年齡差距不大且都在1年內即可達到。本實驗結果發現黑肋與白肋蜑螺會隨潮水做垂直遷移且當漲潮時三種蜑螺具有垂直分布上的差異。

Nerita spp. is the most common snail species in Dongsha intertidal zone. We studied the life history and vertical distribution of three sympatric N. plicata, N. costata and N. albicilla. in this study. Using laser and tape to measure the vertical distribution of three Nerita spp. at high tide and low tide, we found that the vertical distribution of three Nerita. spp at low tide were not different, but at high tide N. plicata have the highest distribution, followed by N. costata and the lowest N. albicilla. They move vertically with tide but to different extent, the difference in median height between high and low tides are N. plicata-83.5cm, N. costata-81.5cm, N. albicilla -17.5cm. We used gonad presence to define whether three Nerita. spp reach reproductive maturity, and found that the 95% c.i. of minimum maturity sizes were: N. plicata-9.5-10.1mm, N. costata-12.6-13.4mm, N. albicilla -9.9-11.1mm, in shell width. They all mature within one year. From our study we find that N. plicata and N. costata have vertical migration with tide and they have different vertical distribution when high tide.

壹、前言1
貳、材料與方法3
參、結果10
貳、討論14
參考文獻18

方新疇，1997，魚群評估工具 (FiSAT) 中之魚群參數之推算方法介紹。水產科學用電腦軟體研習會，10－15頁。高雄。
中華民國貝類學會，1999，拉漢／漢拉 世界海貝名典。水產出版社，53－54頁。基隆。
邱郁文，2012，東沙島潮間帶至陸域螺貝類資源調查。海洋國家公園管理處。高雄。
陳志勇，2003，台灣產蜑螺科貝類之分類研究。國立臺灣師範大學生物研究所碩士論文。台北。
葉樹藩，1964，試驗設計學。精華印書行，276頁。台北。
劉育志，2002，三種蚵岩螺族群生物學之研究。國立中山大學海洋生物研究所碩士論文。高雄。
藍志嵐，2009，澎湖鎮海灣珠螺 Lunella coronata 族群數量、分布、遷徙、成長研究。國立臺灣海洋大學環境生物與漁業科學學系碩士論文。基隆。
Chislett, G. R. 1969. Comparative Aspects of the Ecology of Three Nerita (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Species From Different Locations in Barbados. W.I. MS thesis. McGill University, Montreal.
Chen, C. Y. and W. L. Wu. 2001. The Taiwan Neritidae. Pei-Yo 27: 19-36.
Connell, J. H. 1961. The influence of interspecific competition and other factors on the distribution of the Barnacle Chthamalus Stellatus. Ecology 42: 710-723.
Creese, R. G. 1981. Patterns of growth, longevity and recruitment of intertidal limpets in New South Wales. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 51:145-171.
Davidson, I. C., A. C. Crook and D. K. A. Barnes. 2004. Quantifying spatital of intertidal biodiversity: is movement important? Marine Ecology 25(1):15-34.
Frey, M. A. 2010. The relative importance of geography and ecology in species diversification: evidence from a tropical marine intertidal snail (Nerita). Journal of Biogeography 37:1515-1528.
Gause, G. F. 1932. Ecology of populations. Quarterly Review of Biology 7: 27-46.
Gulland, J. A. and S. J. Holt, 1959. Estimation of growth parameters for data at unequal time intervals. CIEM 25(1): 47-49.
Hardin, G. J. 1960. The competition exclusion of principle. Science 131: 1292-1297.
Hilbish, T. J. 1986. Growth trajectories of shell and soft tissue in Bivalves: seasonal variation in Mytilus edulis L. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 96: 103-113.
Lai, C. H. 2011. Thermal niche separation in two sympatric intertidal Laternula (Bivalvia: Anomalodesmata). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 405: 68-72.
Levings, S. C. and S. D. Garrity. 1983. Diel and tidal movement of two co-occurring neritid snails; differences in grazing patterns on a tropical rocky shore. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 67:261-278.
Moreau, J. and F. X. Cuende, 1991. On improving the resolution of the recruitment patterns of fishes. ICLARM Fishbyte 9(1):45-46.
Nielsen, M. V. 1988. The effect of temperature on the shell-length growth of juvenile Mytilus edulis L. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 123: 227-234.
Paine, R. T. 1969. The Pisaster-Tegula interaction: prey patches, predator food preference, and intertidal community structure. Ecological Society of America: 950-961.
Pauly, D. and G. R. Morgan (eds). 1987. Length-based methods in fisheries research. ICLARM Conference Procedure:75-102.
Pauly, D. 1979. Gill size and temperature as governing factors in fish growth: a generalization of von Bertalanffy`s growth formula. Berichte ausdem Institute fur Meereskunde 63, Kiel University, Kiel, West Germany.
Pauly, D. and J. L. Munro. 1984. Once more on the comparison of growth in fish and invertebrates. ICLARM Fishbyte 2(1):21.
Pauly, D. 1983. Some simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 234: 52.
Perez, K. O., Rose L. C., Myra J. S. and Julie C. E. 2009. Why are intertidal snails rare in the subtidal? Predation, growth and vertical distribution of Littorina littorea (L.) in the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 369:79-86.
Robert, M. and L. Richard. 1964. Competition, habitat selection, and character displacement in a patchy environment. Zoology 51:1207-1210.
Tan, S. K. and R. Clements. 2008. Taxonomy and distribution of the Neritidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in Singapore. Zoological Studies 47(4):481-494.
Tan, K. S. and S. S. C. Lee. 2009. Neritid egg capsules: are they all that different. Steenstrupia 30(2):115-125.
Underwood, A. J. 1975. Comparative studies on the biology of Nerita atramentosa Reeve, Bembicium nanum (Lamarck) and Cellana tramoserica (Sowerby) (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia) in S.E. Australia. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 18:153-172.
Underwood, A. J. 1976. Food competition between age-classes in the intertidal Neritacean Nerita Atramentosa Reeve (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 23: 145-154.