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博碩士論文 etd-0827104-135448 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0827104-135448
論文名稱
Title
在MPLS網路上實現端點對端點比例式差別式服務的動態流量調整機制
Dynamic Traffic Adjustment for End-to-End Proportional Differentiated Services on MPLS Networks
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
64
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2004-07-15
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2004-08-27
關鍵字
Keywords
傳輸率、動態流量調整、比例式差別式服務
Proportional Differentiated Services, MNS, Throughput, Dynamic Traffic Adjustment, MPLS
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
在本論文中,我們提出了一個可以在MPLS網路上,實現端點對端點比例式差別式服務的動態流量調整機制(EEPDS),此機制可以達到整個網路等級的比例式差別式服務。
我們所針對的服務品質為成比例的傳輸率(Throughput),當Egress LSR發現想要保持比例的資料流無法達到比例時,表示這些要保持比例的資料流在網路傳輸中被其它資料流所影響,因此我們要尋找並解除造成比例誤差的瓶頸位置,並先讓發生瓶頸的路由器丟棄不需要服務品質保證(Best Effort)的資料流,使這些Best Effort的資料流不要影響到需要服務品質保證的資料流。如果已經丟棄Best Effort的資料流後還是不行維持比例,表示此時該路由器上的資料流有過多需要維護成比例的資料流,此時Ingress LSR就需要以當時Egress LSR所收到的資料流,依比例來做整流,使得瓶頸路由器不會超過所能保持比例的容量。當瓶頸路由器因為其它的資料流離開而出現可用頻寬時,此時瓶頸路由器就需要發出控制封包來通知Ingress LSR可以依比例來恢復因整流而減低的速率。所以當網路上有其他資料流要來影響需要維護服務品質成比例的資料流時,EEPDS機制就可以動態的調整流量以減低誤差。
我們使用MNS模擬器來模擬EEPDS的效能,藉由修改與新增MNS模組,使得MNS模擬器能夠模擬我們的EEPDS機制。經由實驗結果可以得知,當網路上的其他資料流要來影響需要維護服務品質成比例的資料流時,EEPDS機制的確可以減少誤差。在Overhead方面,我們的EEPDS機制只有在Egress LSR發現不合比例時才會發出控制封包,因此僅需要少量的額外控制封包數量。
Abstract
In this thesis, we propose a dynamic traffic adjustment scheme for end-to-end proportional differentiated services (EEPDS) on MPLS networks. When the Egress LSR (Label Switch Router) first observes that the proportional ratio of multiple flows could not be maintained, it will locate the performance bottlenecks by sending control messages to all the traversed LSR. In the proposed scheme, the identified bottleneck routers may have to drop the packets of traffic flows that do not require any QoS assurance (for example, the best-effort flows). Moreover, if dropping packets of the best-effort flows could not meet the goals of maintaining proportional ratios, the Ingress LSR would have to shape the traffic rates of sending flows proportionally based on the throughput values observed by the Egress LSR. Once a bottleneck router regains its sufficient bandwidth released by other traffic flows, it will send out control packets to notify the Ingress LSR to recover the original sending rates. Eventually, the proposed EEPDS mechanism can meet the goals of maintaining the proportional ratios by dynamically tuning the traffic flows.
For the purpose of demonstration, we implement the EEPDS scheme by using MNS simulator. According to the experimental results, the EEPDS scheme has shown that it can meet the proportional ratios of multiple traffic flows even under severe network congestions, where multiple performance bottlenecks may occur. Finally, we observe that the processing overhead of the proposed EEPDS scheme is very small, since it is triggered only when the Egress LSR detects the situation of unsatisfied proportional ratios.
目次 Table of Contents
第一章 導論…………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 研究動機……………………………………………………………………1
1.2 研究方法……………………………………………………………………1
1.3 論文架構……………………………………………………………………5

第二章 在MPLS網路上提供DiffServ的相關研究………………………………6
2.1 差別式服務…………………………………………………………………6
2.2 在MPLS網路上的差別式服務…………………………………………8
2.2.1 MPLS的相關研究…………………………………………………8
2.2.2 支援DiffServ的MPLS網路………………………………………9
2.2.2.1 E-LSP(EXP-Inferred-PSC LSPs)…………………………10
2.2.2.2 L-LSP(Label-Only-Inferred-PSC LSPs)…………………11
2.2.2.3 利用流量工程來提供DiffServ…………………………11
2.3 比例式差別式服務……………………………………………………11
2.3.1 單一路由器內的比例式差別式服務之研究………………………12
2.3.1.1先傳送最接近臨界點的佇列之封包……………………12
2.3.1.2利用量測結果而動態調整排程器的權限………………14
2.3.2整個網路的比例式差別式服務之研究……………………………15
2.4在MPLS網路上的比例式差別式服務…………………………………15
2.5本論文提出的方法………………………………………………………16

第三章 End-to-End PDS的動態流量調整機制…………………………………18
3.1 EEPDS的基本概念………………………………………………………18
3.2 EEPDS的架構……………………………………………………………19
3.3 EEPDS的控制訊息格式…………………………………………………20
3.4控制訊息的運作流程………………………………………………………24
3.5 EEPDS的運作與演算法……………………………………………………26
3.5.1 Ingress LSR的運作…………………………………………………26
2.5.2 Core LSR的運作……………………………………………………29
2.5.3 Egress LSR的運作…………………………………………………32

第四章 模擬與結果分析……………………………………………………………34
4.1 MNS模擬器……………………………………………………………………34
4.1.1 MNS上的MPLS功能………………………………………………34
4.1.2 MNS上新增的EEPDS模組…………………………………………36
4.1.2.1修改過的MNS模組…………………………………………36
4.1.2.2新增加的MNS模組…………………………………………37
4.2 EEPDS的模擬網路架構………………………………………………………38
4.3模擬結果………………………………………………………………………41
4.3.1 UDP型態資料流的模擬結果………………………………………41
4.3.2 TCP型態資料流的模擬結果…………………………………………49
4.4 EEPDS的Processing Time統計…………………………………………52


第五章 結論與未來發展……………………………………………………………….53
5.1 結論……………………………………………………………………………53
5.2未來發展.……………………………………………………………………55

Reference…………………………………………………………………………57
索引…………………………………………………………………………61
參考文獻 References
[1] S. Blake, D. Black, M. Carlson, E. Davies, Z. Wang, and W. Weiss, “An Architecture for Differentiated Services”, RFC 2475, December 1998.
[2] C. Dovrolis, D. Stiliadis, P. Ramanathan, “Proportional Differentiated Services: Delay Differentiation and Packet Scheduling”, Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, 1999, pp. 109–20.
[3] E. Rosen, A. Viswanathan, and R. Callon, “Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture”, RFC 3031, January 2001.
[4] E. Rosen, D. Tappan, G. Fedorkow, Y. Rekhter, D. Farinacci, T. Li, and
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[12] N. M. Din, N. Fisal, “Dynamic Resource Allocation of IP Traffic for a DiffServ-MPLS Interface using Fuzzy Logic”, The 9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications, Sept. 2003 pp. 339 – 343.
[13] F. Le Faucheur, W. Lai, “Requirements for support of Differentiated Services-aware MPLS Traffic Engineering”, RFC 3564, July 2003.
[14] T. Saad, T. Yang, D. Makrakis, V. Groza, “DiffServ-enabled Adaptive Traffic Engineering over MPLS”, International Conferences on Info-tech and Info-net, Nov. 2001, pp. 128 – 133.
[15] Y. Chen, N.Yu, Y. Geng, X. Li, “A Traffic Engineering Scheme for DiffServ over MPLS”, Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Neural Networks and Signal Processing, Dec. 2003, pp. 1685-1688.
[16] C. Dovrolis, D. Stiliadis, P. Ramanathan, “Proportional Differentiated Services: Delay Differentiation and Packet Scheduling”, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Volume: 10, Issue: 1, February 2002, pp. 12-26.
[17] Chin-Chang Li, Shiao-Li Tsao, Meng Cheng Chen, Yeali Sun, Yueh-Min Huang, “Proportional delay differentiation service based on weighted fair queuing”, Ninth International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, 2000, pp. 418 –423.
[18] Jung-Shian Li, Hsing-Chien Lai, “Providing proportional differentiated services using PLQ”, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, GLOBECOM '01, Volume: 4 , 2001, pp. 2280 –2284.
[19] Yuan-Cheng Lai, Wei-His Li, “A Novel Scheduler for Proportional Delay Differentiation by Considering Packet Transmission Time”, IEEE Communications letters, Volume: 7, No.4, April 2003, pp. 189-191.
[20] S. Ptchararungruang, N. Shenoy, Saman K. Halgamuge, “Rule Based Delay Proportional Adjustment for Differentiated Services”, Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, 2002, pp. 700-704.
[21] C. Dovrolis, and P. Ramanathan, “Proportional Differentiated Services, Part II: Loss Rate Differentiation and Packet Dropping”, Proc. IWQoS, 2000, pp. 52–61.
[22] S. Sankaran, Ahmed E. Kamal, “A Combined Delay and Throughput Proportional Scheduling Scheduling Scheme for Differentiated Services”, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002, pp. 1910-1914.
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[24] J. S. Li, C. S. Mao, “Providing flow-based proportional differentiated services in class-based DiffServ routers”, IEE Proceedings-Communications, February 2004, pp. 82-88.
[25] J. Lee, K. Lee, J. H. Lee, J. H. Hahm, Y. S. Kim, “Design and Analysis of MPLS-based ATM Switching System for Differentiated Services”, Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Computers and Communication, July 2003, pp. 969-974.
[26] 林楷涵, “在MPLS網路上使用反向標籤的路徑重繞機制”, 國立中山大學電機工程研究所, 九十二學年度碩士論文.
[27] Gaeil Ahn, Woojik Chun, “Design and Implementation of MPLS network Simulator Supporting LDP and CR-LDP”, IEEE International Conference on Networks, September 2000, pp. 441-446.
[28] LBL, Xerox PARC, UCB, and USC/ISI, “Network Simulator – ns(version 2)”, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/.
[29] Carlos Alberto Kamienski, “A token bucket shaper implementation”, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/archive/ns-users/webarch/1999/msg03648.htm/ .
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