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論文名稱 Title |
在WiMAX網路中針對VBR資料流的動態頻寬借用與調整機制 Dynamic Bandwidth Borrowing and Adjustment for VBR Traffic in WiMAX Network |
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系所名稱 Department |
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畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
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學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
57 |
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研究生 Author |
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指導教授 Advisor |
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召集委員 Convenor |
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口試委員 Advisory Committee |
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口試日期 Date of Exam |
2008-07-29 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2008-09-04 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
封包延遲、服務品質、動態頻寬調整、平均傳輸率 Packet Delay, VBR, Quality of Service, Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation, WiMAX, Throughput |
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統計 Statistics |
本論文已被瀏覽 5814 次,被下載 1751 次 The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5814 times, has been downloaded 1751 times. |
中文摘要 |
在WiMAX 網路中定義了四種不同高低優先權的資料類別,分別為UGS (Unsolicited Grant Service)、rtPS (Real-time Polling Service)、nrtPS (Non-real-time Polling Service)和BE (Best Effort),當資料透過WiMAX 傳輸時,在頻寬有限的 情況下,BS (Base Station)如何確保上述的4 種資料類別傳輸品質就成為值得研 究的問題。在本論文中,我們提出一套動態頻寬調整 (Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation, DBA)機制,讓BS 在傳輸各種資料類別時有較好的傳輸品質。利用 DRR(Deficit Round Robin)的排程方式,DBA 根據優先權高低依序配置給各種資 料最低傳輸需求的Quantum,當rtPS 資料封包平均延遲時間超過Delay Constraint,在沒有犧牲掉nrtPS 和BE 傳輸時的最低需求,透過借用BE 和nrtPS 的Quantum 來保障rtPS 資料的傳輸品質。若nrtPS 尚未滿足最低傳輸頻寬需求 時,在不至於造成BE 發生Starvation 的情況下,向BE 借用Quantum 來滿足其 傳輸需求的保障。我們依據過去Quantum 借用的記錄來動態調整rtPS、nrtPS 和 BE 資料的Quantum。我們以NS-2 作為網路分析的基礎,在模擬器中傳送多條 不同的資料類別,試著改變不同的網路負載率,來觀察對資料的平均延遲時間、 平均傳輸率和平均封包遺失率的影響,並和他人的機制做效能分析和比較。從模 擬結果中顯示我們的機制在和他人比較之下,在網路負載率高的時侯,rtPS 資料 傳輸品質是被保障的,而且維持了nrtPS 的平均傳輸率,同時避免BE 資料發生 Starvation。 |
Abstract |
In a WiMAX network, four traffic types with different priorities are defined. They are Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS), real-time Polling Service (rtPS), non-real-time Polling Service (nrtPS), and Best Effort (BE). In this thesis, we propose a Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) scheme for BS to schedule the four above-mentioned traffic types. By adopting Deficit Round Robin (DRR) scheduling, DBA first assigns minimum quantum to each traffic type for transmission. When rtPS packets exceed their delay constraints, without sacrificing the minimum requirements of nrtPS and BE traffic, DBA borrows some quantum from nrtPS and BE to satisfy the delay requirements of rtPS traffic. When nrtPS packets can not reach the minimum transmission rate, without starving the BE traffic, DBA borrows some quantum from BE to support the required throughput of nrtPS traffic. According to the history record of borrowed quantum, DBA dynamically adjusts the assigned quantum for the three traffic types. For the purpose of evaluation, we use NS-2 to simulate the proposed DBA. We adjust the traffic load to analyze the performance in terms of average packet delay, average throughput, and average packet loss ratio. The simulation results show that the DBA, in comparison to a previous work, can promise the delay constraints of rtPS, maintain the average throughput of nrtPS, and avoid the starvation of BE, when the traffic load is high. |
目次 Table of Contents |
第一章 導論 ......................................................................... 1 1.1 研究動機............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 研究方法............................................................................................................. 1 1.3 章節介紹............................................................................................................. 3 第二章 WiMAX 網路的相關研究 ........................................................... 4 2.1 WiMAX 網路 ....................................................................................................... 4 2.1.1 簡介 ............................................................................................................. 4 2.1.2 WiMAX 網路資料流服務品質 ................................................................... 5 2.1.3 BS 頻寬配置的方式 ..................................................................................... 6 2.2 WiMAX 網路排程的相關研究 ........................................................................... 6 2.2.1 排程器(Scheduler)的相關介紹 ................................................................... 6 2.2.1.1 Weighted Round Robin (WRR) ............................................................. 7 2.2.1.2 Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ) ................................................................. 7 2.2.1.3 Worst-Case Fair Weighted Fair Queue +(WF2Q+) ............................... 7 2.2.1.4 Deficit Round Robin (DRR) .................................................................. 8 2.2.2 WiMAX 網路排程的應用 ........................................................................... 9 2.3 其它方法........................................................................................................... 11 2.4 本論文的排程機制演算法............................................................................... 12 第三章 動態頻寬借用與調整機制 ............................................ 13 3.1 VBR(Variable Bit Rate)資料流 ......................................................................... 13 3.2 頻寬借用演算法............................................................................................... 14 3.3 頻寬調整演算法............................................................................................... 20 第四章 模擬機制與結果分析 .................................................. 25 4.1 NS-2 模組架構 .................................................................................................. 25 4.2 模擬的環境....................................................................................................... 27 4.3 結果與分析討論............................................................................................... 28 4.3.1 負載率的比較 ........................................................................................... 28 4.3.2 rtPS 資料類別 ............................................................................................. 31 4.3.3 nrtPS 資料類別 ........................................................................................... 33 4.3.4 BE 資料類別 .............................................................................................. 35 第五章 結論與未來工作 ........................................................ 36 5.1 結論................................................................................................................... 36 5.2 未來工作........................................................................................................... 37 參考文獻 ( References ) ......................................................................... 39 索引 (Index) ....................................................................... 43 |
參考文獻 References |
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