整合各種不同的分散式能源與儲能系統的應用，往往需要許多電力轉換設備，假如這些分散式能源可經由適當的控制直接以直流方式傳輸、使用，不但能使電力的損失變小也可以增加能源利用效率。電動車以高壓直流充電以降低充電時間的構想逐漸成形，因此電動車充電站結合再生能源若以直流微電網的架構建立，將有助能源使用效率的提高。本論文結合太陽光發電、儲能系統、燃料電池發電系統以及電動車充電站，建立一充電站直流微電網模型，在考慮該系統所存在之不確定性下，利用隨機動態規劃找出儲能及燃料電池的最佳調度策略。本研究討論各種不同的電價方案、需量反應以及契約容量等對該直流微電網電能調度的影響。

Power converters are used in many distributed energy resources (DER) applications. With proper controls, DER systems can reduce losses and achieve higher energy efficiency if various power sources and loads are integrated through DC bus. High voltage electric vehicle (EV) DC charging station is becoming popular in order to reduce charging time and improve energy efficiency. A DC EV charging station model involving photovoltaic, energy storage system (ESS), fuel cell and DC loads is studied in this work. A dynamic programming technique that considers various uncertainties involved in the system is adopted to obtain optimal dispatch of ESS and fuel cell system. The effects of different tariffs, demand response programs and contract capacities of demand in the power scheduling are investigated and the results are presented.

論文審定書 I
誌謝 II
中文摘要 III
英文摘要 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 相關文獻回顧 3
1.3 論文架構 7
第二章 電動車充電站電能管理簡介 8
2.1 電動車充電站系統架構 8
2.2 太陽能發電模型 9
2.3 燃料電池發電模型 14
2.4 儲能系統充放電模型 17
2.5 電動車充電站負載模擬 27
2.6 時間電價與需量反應 31
第三章 充電站最佳化電能管理 35
3.1 本研究分析之充電站直流微電網及電費費率架構 35
3.2 最佳化問題數學模式 39
3.3 充電站運轉最佳化求解方法 42
3.3.1 確定性動態規劃法 43
3.3.2 多通道動態規劃 49
3.3.3 黃金切割法 53
3.3.4 隨機動態規劃 57
第四章 案例模擬與結果分析 63
4.1 不同的電價方案對充電站調度及最佳契約容量的影響 65
4.2 加入需量反應計畫對充電站調度的影響 71
4.3 充電站負載變化對於調度的影響 73
4.4 不同電池容量及成本對調度的影響 81
4.5 確定性動態規劃、多通道動態規劃以及隨機動態規劃求解比較 83
4.5.1 增加儲能電池容量以及燃料電池額定功率 87
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 90
5.1 結論 90
5.2 未來研究方向 91

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