摘要

我們知道核磁共振微成像技術(μMRI)能以非侵入性的方式在微米尺度上研究材料和生物體內結構和動態的資訊。μMRI 的另外一個獨特的功能是針對同一樣品，可以通過不同的加權方式獲取不同的影像，而其中每一個影像都有意義。本工作報告以各種加權成像技術來研究一種植物種籽芝麻籽(Sesamum indicum L.)的生長過程的一些結果。整個實驗過程中並不需要對植物體作解剖分析，即能獲得植物在各個生長階段中之生理結構，水分傳輸及代謝過程等資訊。

在本次工作中我們除了取得自旋回波多截面(SEMS)下的T1 和T2 的影像外，也使用了CSSI 選擇影像(chemical shift selective imaging)技術。這些影像分別提供自旋動態、化學環境、自旋連結以及週圍環境的特徵。為了研究發育過程，我們將芝麻籽置於純水或含酸鹼的溶液中，在不同發芽階段（由幾十分鐘到幾十小時）抓取影像。由這些影像可以分析出水（或其他分子）之分佈、化學環境及動態隨不同發芽階段的變化，從而首次實時地觀察到芝麻籽發芽的全程內部過程。這些資訊再配合溫度和發芽時溶液pH 值的變化得到的資料，結合植物生理學的已有資料，可以提供關於芝麻籽發育過程的生物化學和生物物理資訊。

一般而言，在複雜如一株活的植物的體系中，要獲取相關的微觀動態和結構資訊相當困難，此研究表明核磁共振微影像方法能用來做為此類探索的一個工具。特別是，由各類加權影像能推知一些悠關植物生理過程的重要資訊。

Microscopic magnetic resonance imaging (μMRI) is a powerful tool for studying the structure and dynamics of various biological systems in vivo. A particular advantage ofμMRI related to this type of applications is that many different images can be acquired on the same object, each of them being important and meaningful. In this work, we report the results of applyingμMRI to the study of the biological process of a real plant (sesame seed). With weighting of longitudinal and transverse relaxation, diffusion as well as multi-quantum coherences, a series of images of sesame seed in the process of germination, with spatial resolution of several micrometers or tens of micrometers, has been obtained (examples given in Fig.1). The images are analyzed based on the physiological characteristics of the sesame seed. Some insights are drawn from these images obtained with different weightings.

目 錄
第一章 緒論......................................1
1.1 磁共振微影像於植物代謝方面之應用.........1
1.2 目前感興趣的植物生理問題研究方向..... ...3
第二章 磁共振微影像...............................................4
2.1 磁共振影像原理...........................................5
2.2 磁場梯度(gradient )......................5
2.3 薄層選擇(slice selection)................9
2.3.1 薄層-選擇梯度.........................10
2.3.2 選擇薄片的RF脈衝…...................11
2.4 頻率編碼(frequency encoding)............14
2.5 相位編碼(phase encoding)................15
2.6 倒-空間(k-space)........................16
2.7 核磁共振鬆弛(nuclear magnetic relaxation)理論簡介.21
第三章 種籽生理學簡介............................30
3.1 芝麻Sesame (Sesamum indicum)種籽的物理特性.30
3.1.1 種籽的構造............................30
3.1.2 種籽的成分............................32
3.2 種籽的生理特性..........................34
3.2.1 種籽的發育與發芽......................34
3.2.2 種籽的休眠............................40
第四章 植物體系之MRI文獻回顧......................41
4.1 目前研究植物體系代謝方法簡介............41
4.2 近來NMR/I於植物代謝之研究回顧...........42
第五章 實驗材料與方法.............................44
5.1 核磁共振成像系統簡介....................44
5.2 實驗脈衝序列與參數設定..................46
5.2.1 Test 1 一維1H光譜脈衝序列.............46
5.2.2 Test 2 T1鬆弛參數量測脈衝序列.........46
5.2.3 Test 3 T2鬆弛參數量測脈衝序列.........46
5.2.4 Test 4 SEMS成像脈衝序列...............46
5.2.5 Test 5 CSSI成像脈衝序列...............47
5.3 研究材料與培養程序簡介..................47
5.4 實驗數據分析流程........................49
第六章 結果與討論..................................51
6.1 實驗結果分析............................51
6.1.1 Test 1 結果分析.......................52
6.1.2 Test 2 結果分析.......................55
6.1.3 Test 3 結果分析.......................65
6.1.4 Test 4 結果分析.......................76
6.1.5 Test 5 結果分析.......................88
6.2 問題討論................................98
6.2.1 一維1H光譜分析........................98
6.2.2 T1、T2動態資訊分析....................99
6.2.3 影像分析.............................100
6.2.4 R2分佈圖.............................100
第七章 總結與未來展望.............................101
7.1 總結...................................101
7.2 未來展望...............................103
第八章參考文獻....................................104
8.1 書籍文獻...............................104
8.2 論文文獻...............................104

-圖..............................................VI
-表...............................................X

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