玉螺科(Naticidae)屬於腹足綱(Gastropoda)、吸腔目(Sorbeoconcha)，全世界現生種約有300多種。吸腔目中，僅有玉螺在產卵時會以沙子包覆住卵，做成一個稱為沙碗(Sand collar)的碗形卵塊，生殖季時，在潮間帶至淺海砂泥底均可發現許多不同型態的卵塊。目前對玉螺卵塊的研究文獻很少，野外採集到的卵塊大多無法直接判斷是何種玉螺所產。本研究利用粒線體DNA上的COI及16S兩片段進行卵塊的物種鑑定。於台灣西南沿海、金門及澎湖等地採集玉螺及卵塊，結果採集到13種玉螺，卵塊依外部型態可以分為10種類型；玉螺科COI種內遺傳距離為0.000 - 0.020，種間為0.047 - 0.187；16S種內遺傳距離為0.000 - 0.007，種間為0.016 - 0.078；玉螺Naticarius zonalis為台灣新紀錄種，並發現小灰玉螺(Notocochlis gualtieriana)與退色玉螺 (Notocochlis lurida)為不同種。卵塊有 7類型以可確認至種，1類型可確認至屬，另有2類型無法確認種屬；相同物種在不同底質環境所製造出的卵塊在外部型態上沒有明顯的差異。

The Naticidae belongs to the order of Sorbeoconcha (Class: Gastropoda) which have more than 300 living species in the world. Among the Sorbeoconcha snails, naticids are the only group produce “sand collar”. During the breeding season, various sand collars are found on sandy shallow waters and intertidals. To date, the morphological characters of naticid egg masses are seldom described in the literatures and it is difficult to identify them directly in the fields. In this study, naticid snails and egg masses were collected from the coasts of Southwestern Taiwan, Kinmen, and Penghu. A total of 13 species was sampled. Based on morphological characters, ten types of egg masses were classified. Through genetic analyses, the distances within naticid species in CO1 and 16S were 0.000 - 0.020 and 0.000 - 0.007. And the distances between species were 0.047 - 0.187 and 0.016 - 0.078, respectively. In addition, it was found that Naticarius zonalis is a new record of Taiwan and Notocochlis lurida is not a synonym of Notocochlis gualtieriana. The egg masses were identified to levels of species for 7 and genus for 1, but still 2 unknown types. Besides, insignificant difference in egg mass morphology of the same species from different substrates was also found.

論文審定書 i
謝辭 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
壹、前言 1
貳、材料方法 5
參、結果 11
肆、討論 15
伍、結論 17
陸、參考文獻 18
附錄一、玉螺鑽孔腺及獵物 49
附錄二、玉螺 Conuber sordidus 的卵塊 (Booth, 1995) 50
附錄三、本研究定序之玉螺樣本 51
附錄四、本研究定序之卵塊樣本 61
附錄五、卵塊及玉螺之COI 序列 69
附錄六、卵塊及玉螺之16S rDNA 序列 85
附錄七、玉螺中英文名對照表 101

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