本研究主要探討東沙環礁內水文與營養鹽變化之關係及其控制機制。東沙環礁位於南海北部，依地理位置與溫鹽資料推測，環礁內水體應屬南海水團，但被環礁包圍形成半封閉水體海水，環礁內外海水交換只依靠南北航道口，因此環礁內水體易受日照、降雨量等天候因素影響。
本研究分析十次觀測資料，採樣時間從2009年4月至2011年10月，測定溫鹽、pH、溶氧、葉綠素a、TC、POC、TSM、DOC及營養鹽。研究結果顯示，SiO2和PO43-與鹽度為正相關，推測降雨可能為東沙環礁內SiO2和PO43-主要來源，而N+N與鹽度有不顯著的正相關，暗示降雨不是N+N主要來源，也許是固氮影響所致。溫度與葉綠素a存量變化大致相同，可能因環礁內溫度影響光合作用結果所致，但2011年7月時趨勢相反，溫度升高，葉綠素a存量下降，推測可能為日照太強產生光抑制作用使浮游植物無法生長。葉綠素a存量與N+N及SiO2存量有良好相關性，但和PO43-存量為較不顯著之正相關，顯示東沙環礁內浮游植物生長受N+N及SiO2影響。東沙環礁內SiO2濃度高於浮游植物可利用之限制濃度以上，N+N濃度則大多低於浮游植物可利用之限制濃度，因此東沙環礁內浮游植物生長主要為氮限制。葉綠素a存量與TSM、POC及PN存量皆有良好相關性，顯示東沙環礁內顆粒態物質以生物源為主。葉綠素a存量和DOC及DON存量有顯著相關性，但與DOP存量則無相關性，顯示浮游植物為DOC及DON主要來源之一。
東沙環礁內的DOC/DON介於7.34~303之間，平均為30.4；DON/DOP介於3.00~142之間，平均為22.7；DOC/DOP介於104~2546之間，平均為421，皆高於南海北部及東海，且範圍較廣，暗示東沙環礁內浮游植物可能分泌多碳寡氮、磷的DOM，且環礁內之生態系組成種類繁多所致。小潟湖的葉綠素a、DOC及POC濃度皆高於環礁潟湖，顯示小潟湖相對於環礁潟湖為較高生產力環境。
東沙環礁內沉降顆粒之碳酸鈣通量為北南海表層通量的30倍以上，為環礁內為珊瑚礁海域之特徵，且沉降顆粒中之有機物以生物源有機物為主。東沙環礁沉降顆粒之Fe、Mn之EF值皆較接近1，主要為地殼來源。Cu、Zn及Pb之EF值大於1，表示Cu、Zn及Pb的主要來源除了來自於地殼外，應受污染源影響。

This study focuses on the relationship between hydrological and nutrient conditions in seawater surrounded by Dongsha Atoll. Dongsha Atoll is located in the northern South China Sea (NSCS), the water properties should be in coherence with the NSCS water masses. However, due to the semi-enclosed topography the water inside Dongsha Atoll is largely affected by local insolation and rainfall.
Significant relationships between SiO2 or PO43- and salinity indicate that rainfall could be a major source of these nutrients. Insignificant relationship between N+N and salinity indicates that rainfall and nitrogen fixation both might affect the distribution of N+N. Temporal variations of temperature and chlorophyll a were alike, except for which occurred in July, 2011. It was probably caused by photo inhibition on phytoplankton growth. The inventory of chlorophyll a was positively correlated with both N+N and SiO2 but not with of PO43-, indicating that phytoplankton growth in Dongsha Atoll was mainly affected by N+N and SiO2. Phytoplankton growth maybe limited by N+N but not by SiO2, as the concentration of SiO2 was mostly beyond the limitation concentration for phytoplankton. According to close relationships between chlorophyll a and TSM, POC and PN, the particulate matter maybe mainly derived from biological origins. The inventory of chlorophyll a was positively correlated with both dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), manifesting the importance of biological origins for DOC and DON concentration.
The ratios of DOC/DON, DON/DOP and DOC/DOP within the atoll were in ranges of 7.34-303 (mean: 30.4), 3.00-142 (mean: 22.7) and 104-2546 (mean: 421), respectively. The ratios are higher than those values in NSCS and East China Sea, implying the excretion of carbon-enriched DOM by phytoplankton. The concentration of chlorophyll a, DOC and POC were higher in the Small Lagoon than in the Atoll Lagoon, implying a relatively high productivity in the Small Lagoon.
The fluxes of carbonate in the atoll was more than 30 times of the flux in the NSCS, due to its unique characteristics in the coral reef habitat. The organic matter of settling particulates was mainly derived from biological sources. The metal of enrichment factor of settling particulates reveals that Fe and Al are mainly derived from crustal sources, while Cu, Zn and Pb are likely influenced by anthropogenic sources.

論文審定書i
誌謝ii
中文摘要iii
英文摘要v
目錄viii
圖目錄x
表目錄xii
第一章 前言1
第二章 研究區域5
2.1地理位置5
2.2氣象與水文6
第三章 材料與方法10
3.1採樣時間及位置10
3.1.1東沙環礁內採水測站10
3.1.2 東沙環礁內佈放沉積物收集器之測站11
3.2 樣品分析方法15
3.2.1 葉綠素 a 之測定（chlorophyll a, Chl. a）15
3.2.2 低濃度溶解態無機氮之分析（Nitrate + Nitrite）15
3.2.3 低濃度溶解態反應性磷之分析（soluble reactive phosphorus, SRP）16
3.2.4 溶解態矽酸鹽（dissolved silicate）16
3.2.5 溶解態有機氮之分析（dissolved organic nitrogen, DON）17
3.2.6 溶解態有機磷之分析（dissolved organic phosphorus, DOP）17
3.2.7 溶解態有機碳之分析（dissolved organic carbon, DOC）19
3.2.8 顆粒態有機碳、氮之測定（Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, POC and PN）20
3.2.9 總懸浮顆粒物濃度之測定（total suspended matter, TSM）20
3.2.10 生物性蛋白石含量分析（biogenic opal）21
3.2.11 沉降顆粒金屬元素之分析（Al、Fe、Mn、Si ）22
第四章 結果與討論24
4.1 東沙環礁內基本水文參數（溫度、鹽度、pH、溶氧）之季節變化與空間分佈及其可能控制因子24
4.2 營養鹽（N+N、SiO2、PO43-）之季節變化與空間分佈及其可能控制因子40
4.3 潮汐變化對東沙環礁內水文及營養鹽之影響53
4.4 葉綠素a、總懸浮物質濃度（TSM）及顆粒態有機碳、氮（POC、PN）之季節變化與空間分佈58
4.5 溶解態有機碳、氮、磷（DOC、DON、DOP）之季節變化與空間分佈70
4.6 東沙環礁潟湖與東沙島小潟湖水質比較80
4.7 沉降顆粒各參數通量（POC、PIC、opal及PN）及金屬元素87
第五章 結論91
參考文獻95
中文部份：95
網站：96
英文部份：96

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http://dongsha.cpami.gov.tw/tw/
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http://marine.cpami.gov.tw/
中華民國環保法規資料中心
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