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論文名稱 Title |
渦輪發電機組機電系統之線性等效電路之研究 Study of Linear Equivalent Circuits of Electromechanical Systems for Turbine Generator Units |
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系所名稱 Department |
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畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
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學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
110 |
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研究生 Author |
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指導教授 Advisor |
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召集委員 Convenor |
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口試委員 Advisory Committee |
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口試日期 Date of Exam |
2012-12-21 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2012-12-27 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
蒸氣渦輪發電機、機電類比、微渦輪發電機、扭轉振動、風力渦輪發電機、電弧爐、水力渦輪發電機 Torsional Vibration, Electromechanical Analogy, Electric Arc Furnace, Hydro Turbine Generator, Wind Turbine Generator, Steam Turbine Generator, Micro Turbine Generator |
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統計 Statistics |
本論文已被瀏覽 5823 次,被下載 523 次 The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5823 times, has been downloaded 523 times. |
中文摘要 |
本論文應用機電系統間之動態方程式的相似性,將蒸汽、燃氣、風力、水力等各式渦輪機模型轉換為等效電路模型,並由圓柱轉子同步發電機及永磁式同步發電機之動態方程式推導出發電機與渦輪機等效電路之介面,因而將發電機電路模型與渦輪機等效電路模型整合為一個完整之機電整合等效電路模型(戴維寧電路模型或諾頓電路模型),此機電整合等效電路模型有助於了解及分析渦輪機組機電間之能量轉換、傳輸及交互作用。本論文並實際以一小型燃氣渦輪機組及大型蒸汽渦輪機組為例,將其機械與電氣參數代入此機電整合電路模型,並利用頻率掃描法及特徵值法分別求出其機電整合後的振模頻率,結果發現除了有增加一組機電系統間耦合的振模頻率之外,部分低頻振模頻率還會有輕微偏移現象,且小型機組的偏移量比大型機組還大。最後本論文利用機電整合等效電路模型,延伸探討電弧爐運轉對小型發電機組扭轉振動的影響,以一實際鋼鐵廠為對象,探討電弧爐運轉產生之巨量的諧波電流和不平衡電流對同 一工廠內的小型渦輪發電機組造成的轉軸扭轉振動,並設計一機械濾波器加裝於轉軸上,藉此來抑制此振動現象,藉由模擬證明,這濾波器對於減小轉軸扭轉轉矩具有良好效果。 |
Abstract |
The thesis utilizes the analogy in dynamic equations between a mechanical and an electrical system to convert the steam-turbine, micro-turbine, wind-turbine and hydro-turbine generator mechanical model to equivalent electrical circuit models respectively. And based on the round rotor type and permanent magnetic rotor type synchronous generators’ dynamic equations, as well as their electromagnetic torque equations, the equivalent electrical interface circuits were derived respectively. By using the interface circuit, the circuit model of synchronous generator and the equivalent electrical circuit model of turbine-generator mechanism can thus be combined into the electromechanical integrated circuit model (Thevenin’s analogy circuit model and Norton's analogy circuit model). The electromechanical integrated circuit model is helpful for analyzing the energy conversion, power transmission and interactions between the mechanical and electrical systems for a turbine generator unit. In order to learn about these electromechanical interactions by using the proposed electromechanical integrated circuit model, the thesis has made a study on the torsional mode frequencies for a small gas turbine generator unit and for a large steam turbine generator unit respectively. By way of the frequency scanning and eigenvalue calculation, it is found that the torsional mode frequencies can be changed due to the electromechanical integration. Moreover, the small unit was more affected by the electromechanical integration than the large unit. Finally, we studied the effect of operations of an Electric Arc Furnaces (EAF) on torsional vibrations of a low capacity turbine generator. The electric system studied belongs to a practical steel plant in an industrial park. Based on the electromechanical integrated equivalent circuit model, a flywheel coupling shaft was designed. It is found by simulations that the coupling shaft can be quite effective in alleviating vibrations caused by the system unbalance arising from the EAF operations. |
目次 Table of Contents |
中文摘要..............…………................………................…... I 英文摘要…………..………………………………………... II 目錄................…….…................………................…………. III 圖目錄.................………................………................……… VI 表目錄................….……................………................……… XI 第一章 緒論..............…………........….......………............. 1 1.1 研究背景與動機................……..…...................……. 1 1.2 論文內容架構….…………………..………………... 4 第二章 渦輪發電機組介紹.....……............................….. 6 2.1 渦輪機組介紹…......……..……..…………………... 6 2.1.1 蒸汽渦輪發電機組……………...…….............. 6 2.1.2 微渦輪發電機組………....……………………. 8 2.1.3 直結式風力渦輪發電機組……………………. 9 2.1.4 小型水力渦輪發電機組…....…………………. 11 2.2 機械系統模型………………….…………………... 13 2.2.1 轉軸系統………………………………………. 13 2.2.2 葉片…....………………………………………. 15 2.3 渦輪機之機械模型......…..…............................... 17 2.3.1 汽輪機模型……………………………………. 17 2.3.2 微渦輪機模型……………....…………………. 18 2.3.3 直結式風力渦輪機模型…….………...………. 19 2.3.4 小型水力渦輪機模型..…....…………………... 21 第三章 機電整合...…………………….…………………. 23 3.1 機電類比分析......….......................………......……... 23 3.2 渦輪發電機組之機電類比模型..………………….... 25 3.3 圓柱轉子同步發電機電路模型.......…………….….. 28 3.4 永磁式同步發電機電路模型.........…………….....… 31 3.5 圓柱轉子同步發電機之機電整合….…..………...… 34 3.5.1 機電介面..………………………...………….... 34 3.5.2 機電整合等效電路……………...…………….. 36 3.6 永磁式同步發電機之機電整合…...………...........… 39 3.6.1 機電介面…........………………………............. 39 3.6.2 渦輪發電機組之機電整合等效電路………..... 40 3.6.3 風力渦輪發電機組之機電整合等效電路……. 42 3.6.4 水力渦輪發電機組之機電整合等效電路…..... 42 3.7 機電整合等效機構模型…...…..…………….........… 44 第四章 實際機組的模擬分析..………………………… 45 4.1 小型機組機電整合分析....…….……..………........... 45 4.2 大型機組機電整合分析..……..……..….………....... 53 4.3 討論..….…………………………….……….............. 62 第五章 電弧爐運轉對小型發電機組扭轉振動的影響 63 5.1 諧波電流與不平衡電流分析....……….………...….. 63 5.1.1 電弧爐運轉電流分析…………….……............. 63 5.1.2 電磁激擾轉矩分析….…………..….………….. 64 5.1.3 轉軸扭轉轉矩分析……………….……............. 65 5.2 研究系統介紹…...……………..………….............… 66 5.3 系統模型……………...…………………...............… 67 5.4 頻率特性……………...………………...…............… 70 5.5 模擬測試……………...………………......…….....… 73 5.5.1 諧波模擬分析……………….…………............. 73 5.5.2 不平衡模擬分析….……………..….………….. 74 5.6 機械濾波器之裝設…...………………...…............… 77 5.7 討論…………………...…………………...............… 83 第六章 結論………………...………..…….……………… 85 6.1 本論文的價值與貢獻....………..…..…...……........... 85 6.2 未來研究方向............…………................….............. 86 參考文獻............……….....….........…............………........... 88 附錄A............……….....….......………............………........... 95 附錄B............……….....….......………............………........... 96 |
參考文獻 References |
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