本研究旨在瞭解高雄市長青族群不同的休閒活動參與量對睡眠品質的差異，並將研究對象之生活習慣(菸酒習慣、咖啡因、3C產品使用行為)、憂鬱、罹病數量與睡眠品質的相關性納入討論分析。
本研究屬於橫斷性研究，研究方法為問卷調查法，使用結構性問卷包含PSQI睡眠品質量表、GDS-SF老人憂鬱短量表及自擬之生活習慣、罹病數量、休閒活動參與問卷及人口學資料作為研究問卷，以面訪或團體發放方式於機構、公園等地收集共269份有效問卷。
以SPSS 21版之多元迴歸分析方法驗證各變數對睡眠品質之影響，得出以下結果：一、參與修心鍛鍊型休閒活動對PSQI之安眠藥使用有顯著正向影響。二、參與健身型休閒活動對PSQI之安眠藥使用有顯著正向影響。三、罹病數量越多者，其睡眠潛伏期較長、安眠藥使用的頻率較高且日間功能失調情形較嚴重。四、具憂鬱傾向者其睡眠品質較差。
由於睡眠是人類得到休息的最佳方式，故擁有良好睡眠品質十分重要。藉由本研究，瞭解欲建立良好睡眠品質，休閒活動之參與量未必越多越好；反之，應選擇身體活動及能夠使人放鬆、修身養性的休閒活動，保持心情愉快，並盡量避免任何可能影響睡眠之生活習慣，才能擁有更良好的睡眠品質。

Sleep quality is a big issue especially for the elderly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between sleep quality and leisure activities participation for individuals. Another aim was to test the correlation of factors such as depression, chores, caffeine, habits of using 3C products, cigarettes, alcohol and the number of diagnosed disease associated with sleep quality among the elderly.
The collection of questionnaires was conducted in cross-sectional purposively sample of 269 elderly(≧60 years) in institutions and individuals in Kaohsiung. The questionnaires included developed scales such as “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index” (PSQI), “Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form” (GDS-SF) and self-designed questionnaire.
The results indicated that participating meditation type leisure activities and physical activities had significantly positive effects on “need meds to sleep”. Higher number of diagnosed diseases were associated with stronger frequency of “sleep latency”, “need meds to sleep” and “day dysfunction due to sleepiness”. Besides, depression (higher GDS-SF scores) would lead to poor sleep quality.
The results showed that keeping mental health well will make obviously better sleep quality. Furthermore, lifestyle played the important role in sleep quality maintenance as well. The study findings may serve as a guide for further study on sleep quality of the elderly.

摘　要 ii
Abstract iii
目　錄 iv
圖　次 vi
表　次 vii
第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景動機 1
第二節 研究問題與目的 2
第貳章 文獻探討 4
第一節 休閒活動與種類之定義 4
第二節 活動參與量的定義 6
第三節 睡眠品質 7
第四節 心理健康—憂鬱與睡眠品質 7
第五節 生活習慣與睡眠品質 8
第六節 生理罹病數與睡眠品質 12
第七節 休閒活動與睡眠品質 13
第參章 研究設計與方法 14
第一節 研究架構 14
第二節 研究假設 14
第三節 研究對象 18
第四節 研究設計 19
第五節 研究分析方法 28
第肆章 結果 29
第一節 敘述統計 29
第二節 人口學變項之推論性統計 40
第三節 驗證結果與分析 42
第伍章 討論 63
第一節 研究樣本特徵 63
第二節 描述性研究結果 64
第三節 討論與建議 64
第四節 研究貢獻、限制與未來研究的建議 69
第五節 結論 71
參考文獻 72
附件一、本研究問卷 78
附件二、睡眠品質量表計分方式 85

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