本實驗以實地操作，進行以垂直流人工濕地模槽系統中，去除硫酸鹽及氨氮之可行性評估，並透過足夠的模槽深度，較能營造出上層好氧與底層厭氧之不同分層環境。
　　實驗場址設置於中山大學海洋環境工程系館頂樓，屬於室外的開放空間，本研究以四支圓柱型管柱模擬垂直流人工濕地槽體，並以礫石和污泥為介質材料達到基本過濾，以探討利用其表面所形成之生物膜內之微生物去除營養鹽的效果，所選植栽為培地茅以做為該人工濕地植物，以達到部份水體淨化以及植生復育的效果。此外，額外添加碳源以判斷異營菌是否有消耗分解之能力，在設備方面，分別設置的模槽A為種植培地茅，並以污泥及礫石做為填料（實驗組），而模槽B則僅填入污泥及礫石（控制組），以及模槽C則種植植物，並僅以礫石為填料（控制組），模槽D則僅填入礫石為介質材料（空白組）。系統之進流水樣則採集二級處理的放流水，加上自行配置的硫酸鹽之模擬廢水，並以批次滿管的型式進行實驗。
　　實驗結果顯示，以硫酸鹽進流水濃度分別達500 mg/L、600 mg/L、700 mg/L及1000 mg/L 的情況下，硫酸鹽的去除效率比氨氮高，而根據文獻顯示，ORP如果達到-150 mV以下時，會有較佳的硫酸鹽去除效果，亦即處在還原作用較旺盛的環境下，由於各階段實驗數據均顯示模槽A底層80 cm處的ORP均可達到-200 mV以下，因此硫酸鹽的去除效率可達到40%。
　　後面階段硫酸鹽進流濃度會以700 mg/L、1000 mg/L配置進流水濃度進行實驗，此濃度與海水中所含的硫酸鹽濃度一致，因此可模擬生活污水中如果混入海水或含有硫酸鹽廢水等的人工濕地處理。

In this study, the experiments were designed to analyze the feasibility of sulfate removal and ammonia treatment by vertical-flow constructed wetland systems by using microcosm lab-scale systems. With enough depth, the aerobic environment was controlled in upper layer while anaerobic conditions were controlled in lower layer.
　　The testing site was set in an open space located on the top floor of the department building in Department of Marine Environment and Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University. In this study, four tubular columns worked as the vertical flow constructed wetlands. The systems were performed as biofilters, which could remove nutrients by the microorganisms in the biofilm attached on the surface of filter material such as gravel and sludge. Furthermore, part of the water could be purified and the effect of vegetation recovery was significant with the help of vetiver as hygrophytes. Then, extra organic carbon source was added to into the systems to help to inactivate heterotrophic bacteria. In experiment group A, it contained plant species（Vetiver）, sludge, and gravel, while in experiment group B, it was worked as, in which control group, it contained only the sludge and gravel without vegetation. Trough experiment group C, also worked as the control group, it contained plants and gravel. For experiment group D, worked as the blank group, it contained only stone. And the source of influent was from the reclaimed water from the secondary treated effluent in the sewage treatment plant of campus with addition of sulfate simulate the wastewater. The systems were operated as batch type filled with water conducted in the study. The results show that the percentage of removal efficiency of sulfate is higher than that of ammonia while concentration of inflow water of sulfate were controlled under 500 mg/L, 600 mg/L, 700 mg/L and 1000 mg/L. According to the reference, if ORP is under -150 mV, the percentage of removal efficiency of sulfate will be better. The figure in each experiment stage shows the same way while ORP is under -200 mV in experiment group A, the percentage of removal efficiency of sulfate can be reached to 40 % in the condition of acute reduction.
　　Finally, the concentration of sulfate in influent was prepared up to 700 mg/L and 1000 mg/L, which concentration was almost the sames as the sulfate in ocean.

摘要 iii
Abstract iv
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xi
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1生態工程介紹 4
2.2濕地 5
2.2.1濕地分類與型態 7
2.2.2濕地中的水生植物與功能 7
2.2.3人工濕地分類與功能 8
2.2.4人工濕地問題與展望 11
2.3人工濕地水質淨化機制 12
2.3.1碳的去除機制 14
2.3.2氮的去除機制 16
2.4硫的去除機制 19
2.4.1硫酸鹽脫硫條件 19
2.4.2硫酸鹽還原作用抑制與競爭 20
2.4.3硫酸鹽代謝過程 21
2.4.4 硫酸鹽還原菌之運用 21
2.5案例介紹 22
2.5.1國外實驗模槽之案例 22
2.5.2國內人工濕地案例 25
第三章 實驗方法與材料 27
3.1垂直流人工濕地模槽設計 27
3.1.1模槽設計與配置 27
3.1.2模槽管柱特性與介質填料 28
3.1.3人工濕地植物之選擇 29
3.1.4人工濕地碳源之選擇 31
3.1.5模槽馴養植種污泥 32
3.1.6採樣及分析 33
3.1.7實驗架構與流程 34
3.1.8實驗設計 35
第四章 結果與討論 38
4.1背景介紹 38
4.2實驗數據與結果分析 39
4.2.1預實驗 39
4.2.2第一階段實驗 54
4.2.3第二階段實驗 67
4.2.4第三階段實驗 80
4.3綜合討論 89
第五章 結論與建議 90
5.1結論 90
5.2建議 91
第六章 參考文獻 92
6.1中文參考文獻 92
6.2英文參考文獻 94

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