本論文採用質性研究方法，旨在研究台灣職場上員工挑戰式建言行為之前因與後果。本研究以心理擁有感、職場關係與個人組織適配作為影響員工挑戰式建言行為的前因，同時探討員工在建言過後可能帶來的正面與負面影響。本研究採一對一半結構式訪談，深入瞭解十二位在台灣職場上工作，並曾經對上司或資深同事提出挑戰式建言的受訪者，並採用主題分析法來進行後續資料分析。本研究發現，心理擁有感、與主管之職場關係及高度個人組織適配會影響員工提出挑戰式建言的意願。反之，與同事之職場關係及低度個人組織適配對員工建言意願無明顯影響。同時本研究也發現建言過後，員工心理擁有感、職場關係與個人組織適配會因建言的過程與結果而產生改變。透過本研究，期許能對挑戰式建言行為有更多深入的了解，同時主管也可以更了解員工挑戰式建言的背後動機，有效地建立更多建言管道與保護機制，使組織能夠更順暢的運行。

This is a qualitative study exploring the antecedents and effects of challenging voice behavior (CVB) in Taiwanese workplaces. Three concepts found in research literatures were relatively unexplored: psychological ownership, working relationships and person- organization fit. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve participants in total. After data collection, thematic analysis was used as the approach to analyze data. Findings suggest that first, psychological ownership, working relationships with supervisors and high perceived person- organization fit affect people’s CVB. Working relationships with colleagues and perceived low person- organization fit, on the other hand, were not found to be significant by participants. Second, the data suggests that psychological ownership, working relationships and P-O fit were affected by the process and results of CVB. With the intention to reveal the real stories of voicers, this research hopes to uncover deeper understanding about CVB, also having practical implications for organizations to create more friendly and efficient workplaces.

Thesis Validation Letter........................................................................i
Abstract (Chinese)................................................................................ii
Abstract (English).................................................................................iii
Table of Contents.................................................................................iv
List of Tables........................................................................................vi
List of Figures......................................................................................vii
Chapter 1 Introduction...........................................................................1
Chapter 2 Literature Review...................................................................3
2.1. Voice Behaviors...............................................................................3
2.1.1 Challenging Voice Behaviors (CVB).............................................4
2.2. Psychological Ownership (PO)......................................................13
2.3. Working Relationships...................................................................17
2.4. Person- Organization Fit................................................................21
2.5. Research Aims and Objectives.....................................................22
Chapter 3 Research Methodology........................................................25
3.1. Rationale for the Methodology......................................................25
3.2. Research Design............................................................................26
3.2.1. Methods......................................................................................26
3.2.2. Interview Questions....................................................................27
3.3. Data Collection...............................................................................31
3.3.1. Sampling Plan.............................................................................31
3.3.2. Organizing and Conducting the Interviews...............................32
3.3.3. Pilot Interviews............................................................................33
3.4. Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research.............................36
3.5. Research Ethics..............................................................................37
3.6. Data Analysis..................................................................................38
Chapter 4 Findings and Discussions....................................................40
4.1. Participants.....................................................................................40
4.2. Thematic Analysis..........................................................................43
4.3. Types of CVB...................................................................................45
4.4. Psychological Ownership...............................................................50
4.5. Working Relationships....................................................................51
4.6. Perceptions of Person- Organization Fit........................................56
4.7. Other Factors...................................................................................58
4.8. Conclusion for RQ1.........................................................................62
4.9. Employee Perception of Positive Impacts.....................................63
4.10. Employee Perception of Negative Impacts.................................67
4.11. Improvement and Changes..........................................................70
4.12. Conclusion for RQ2.......................................................................73
4.13. Summary.......................................................................................73
Chapter 5 Conclusions..........................................................................75
5.1. Overall Conclusions........................................................................75
5.2. Limitations......................................................................................77
5.3. Practical Implications.....................................................................78
5.4. Suggestions for Future Research..................................................79
References..............................................................................................81 Appendix.................................................................................................89

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