本研究以生質能源作物配合堆肥之添加，探討以植物復育技術處理遭受柴油污染之土壤。研究分為兩個部分，第一部分為木本植物，以生質能源作物痲瘋樹栽種於盆栽中；第二部分為草本植物，則以篦麻栽種於盆栽中。並添加10%或20%之堆肥，於人工配置柴油污染(5,000及10,000 mg/kg)土壤，以模擬現地環境之污染情境，進行4個月的植物復育實驗，以探討添加柴油對痲瘋樹和篦麻生長之影響及污染物去除效率，並在固定柴油污染物濃度下，添加堆肥與污染物去除效率之關係。此外，並最後討論在土壤滅菌條件下，植物對污染物降解之效率。綜合上述之結果，評估生質能源作物進行柴油污染去除之效益。
由本研究之實驗結果得知，經過4個月處理後之低濃度與高濃度的柴油污染土壤內，發現種植痲瘋樹之植物復育處理系統內，油污染去除效率皆可達70%以上之功效。在試驗的中期，在添加堆肥實驗組中亦發現堆肥肥料可加速痲瘋樹提高其對柴油污染物之移除速率；且與對照組之滅菌土壤相比較，顯示痲瘋樹極為適合作為植物復育對柴油污染之植物種。預期未來於現地應用時，可大量栽種痲瘋樹，並以添加堆肥肥料；以提高效益，達到去除污染物及生產綠色能源之雙重功效。

In this study, for biofuel crop species added with the compost fertilizers are used to investigate. The efficiencies of phytoremediation for soils contaminated by petroleum. The experiments of this study are divided into two parts. In the first part, we planted a biofuel crop species (Jatropha curcus) in the flower plot. And the second part, we planted another biofuel crop species (Ricinus communis) also in the flower plot. The energy crop species were planted manually in the pots and controlled umder three levels of diesel fuel pollution concentrations (0, 5,000, and 10,000 mg kg-1), while 10% and 20% compost concentrations were added into the soils simulate real pollutions situation. After forth months in phytoremediation experiment period, we explored the relationship between concentrations of diesel added and the growth of the crop species and the removal efficiencies of petroleum in soils. Finally, we discuss the removal efficiencies of petroleum for differents ports, in which the soils have been sterilized.
The results of the experiments in this study, Show that the species of Jatropha curcus can remove petroleum contaminat with 70%. In the medium period of this study, the experimental results of adding compost show that the Jatropha curcus system could remove diesel pollution efficiently. Comparing with the experimental results from sterilized soil, it revealed that the Jatropha curcus was applicable in phytoremediation. In the future, it is suggested that Jatropha curcus can be applied for in suit phytoremediation. Adding compost to thesystem can promote higher efficiencies. It could eliminate contamination and produce green energy in double efficiencies by using Jatropha curcus for phytoremediation.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究緣起 1
1.2研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1石油碳氫化合物污染起源 4
2.1.1石油碳氫化合物污染來由 5
2.1.2土壤及地下水污染案例 6
2.2石油碳氫化合物分類及特性介紹 12
2.2.1石油碳氫化合物內含物 15
2.2.2石油碳氫化合物危害 20
2.2.3石油碳氫化合物傳輸機制 23
2.3土壤污染整治復育技術 24
2.3.1物理/化學處理技術 26
2.3.2熱處理技術 28
2.3.3生物處理技術 30
2.3.3.1生物漱洗法(Bio-Slurping) 30
2.3.3.2土耕法(Land Farming) 30
2.3.3.3生物堆(Biopiles) 31
2.3.3.4生物通氣法(Bioventing, BV) 31
2.3.3.5監測式自然衰減法(Monitored Natural Attenuation, MNA) 31
2.3.3.6生物泥漿法(Biosludge) 31
2.3.3.7現地透水性反應牆(In Situ Permeable Reactive Barrier, PRB) 32
2.3.4植物復育技術(Phytoremediation) 32
2.3.4.1植物復育機制 34
2.3.4.2植物復育影響因素 36
2.3.4.3植物復育成本 37
2.3.4.4植物復育優缺點 37
2.3.4.5植物復育各國案例 37
2.4再生能源(生質能源) 40
2.4.1太陽能 40
2.4.2地熱 40
2.4.3海洋能 41
2.4.4風力 41
2.4.5水力能 41
2.4.6生質能 41
2.5堆肥 46
2.5.1堆肥方式 46
2.5.2堆肥影響因子 47
第三章 材料與方法 49
3.1實驗架構 49
3.2實驗流程 49
3.3盆栽試驗 50
3.3.1植物種類 50
3.3.2柴油污染土壤與滅菌土壤盆栽備置 50
3.3.3堆肥成品 51
3.3.4實驗程序 54
3.4土壤採樣與樣品保存 55
3.5土壤分析方法 55
3.5.1土壤粒徑 55
3.5.2土壤含水率 56
3.5.3土壤中酸鹼值 56
3.5.4土壤有機碳 56
3.5.5土壤氨氮 57
3.5.6土壤凱氏氮 57
3.5.7總石油碳氫化合物 57
3.6植體生長分析 59
3.7實驗儀器與器材 60
3.8實驗藥品 61
第四章 結果與討論 62
4.1土壤基本性質 62
4.1.1土壤粒徑分佈基本資料 62
4.1.2土壤有機成分分析 64
4.2生質能源作物生長變化 66
4.2.1堆肥添加對痲瘋樹生長之影響 66
4.2.2柴油污染對痲瘋樹生長之影響 67
4.2.3柴油污染對篦麻生長之影響 69
4.3柴油污染物之降解復育試驗結果 70
4.3.1木本植物之痲瘋樹植生復育結果 70
4.3.1.1痲瘋樹去除成效之比較 74
4.3.1.2堆肥添加與降解效率之關係 75
4.3.1.3整治時間與降解效率之關係 78
4.3.2草本植物之篦麻植生復育結果 79
4.4植物復育去除污染物效果比較 81
第五章結論與建議 85
5.1結論 85
5.2建議 86
參考文獻 87

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