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博碩士論文 etd-0021116-160244 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0021116-160244
論文名稱
Title
半總統制下不同國會監督制度設計對實際作為的影響--臺灣立法院與法國國民議會之比較 (2008-2012)
The Impact of Different Parliamentary Oversight Systems under Semi-presidentialism upon Practical Oversight Behaviors - A Comparison between Taiwanese Legislative Yuan and French National Assembly (2008-2012)
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
119
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2016-01-22
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2016-02-16
關鍵字
Keywords
半總統制、立法院、國民議會、國會監督、臺灣、法國
Taiwan, French National Assembly, Legislative Yuan, France, semi-presidentialism, parliamentary oversight
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5732 次,被下載 915
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5732 times, has been downloaded 915 times.
中文摘要
本研究比較半總統制不同國會監督制度設計對實際作為的影響,以臺灣第七屆的立法院與法國第十三屆的國民議會為進行比較的對象,觀察兩國國的監督作為表現,是否受到國會監督制度設計差異的影響?
本研究的研究設計是從憲政制度上半總統制的次類型出發,臺灣是屬於「總統-國會制」,法國則是「總理-總統制」,兩者的差異在於者有較強勢的總統,後者則有較強勢的總理。從分權制衡的角度上來看,我國的國會在制度設計上,會希望國會有足夠權力可以抗衡總統,而法國則是由於總理通常由國會最大黨的黨魁出任,因此,在國會的制度上不會想要對抗總理,而是支持政府的政策。從這樣的國會制度設計差異來看,我國的立法院應該有比較強的監督權,因此,本研究假設,無論在任何議題領域,立法院應該都比國民議會有較強的監督力道,但議題類型的差異對國會的實際監督作為會有所影響,本研究因此挑選三種類型的議題,分別是官僚議題、核能議題,以及國防議題,進行兩國國會監督作為的比較,觀察國會的實際監督作為,是否與制度設計的初衷相同。
結果發現:我國在口頭質詢上的監督力道較國民議會強,其他指標則依據議題性質的差異而有所不同:在公務員議題上,立法院在「法律提案」上的監督力道較強;在核能議題上,則是在「立委提案」、以及「委員會審議」的監督力道較國民議會強;在軍購議題上,則是除了質詢外,其他項目都是國民議會較好,而「聽證」與「報告」則是國民議會的強項。
從本研究對國會的實際監督作為所觀察到的結果,我國憲政制度的設計,有總統制國會重視立法,鼓勵議員提案的效果;法國的憲政制度設計,則有內閣制國會重視行政效率,支持內閣,集思廣益的特色。
Abstract
This paper study the impact of different parliamentary oversight systems designs under semi-presidentialism upon practical oversight behaviors,and chosen Taiwanese seventh Legislative Yuan and French thirteen National Assembly for comparison, to see whether their oversight behaviors were influenced by their oversight system designs or not.
The research design of this paper starts from different sub-operation types of semi-presidentialism, from this departure points, Taiwan is belongs to “president-parliamentarism”, France is “premier-presidentialism”, and we were expected to have a more strong president, France were expected to have a more powerful prime minister. Therefore, for the purpose of the separation of powers, we will prefer a strong legislature to check and balance the power of president, but French system are not design to resist the power of prime minister. For this reason, this research make an assumption that no matter in which kind of issues, our parliamentary system can have more strong oversight behaviors. But naturally, the result of oversight practice will have variations depends on issues, so this paper chosen bureaucratic issues, nuclear energy issues, and national defense issues for observation.
The results of comparison are as follows: Legislative Yuan has more strong supervision force in oral question in all three issues, especially in national defense one; others representations of oversight index are variable and depends on issues. For example, in bureaucratic issues, Legislative Yuan has more strong oversight behavior in the proposition of bills, and the accepted bills are more often come from legislators too; in nuclear issues, he is more active in proposition of bills and committee examination; and lastly, in national defense issues, the French National Assembly are more active in other oversight index except question one, and the committee hearing and report publishing are their niches.
In conclusion, from the results of practical oversight behaviors which this study observed, this paper concluded that our parliamentary oversight system design might have the effect on encouraging parliamentary members to propose bills, which is a very important character of congress of presidentialism, while French parliamentary system have the characters of emphasis on administrative efficiency and brainstorming, which is aims to support the cabinet to govern.
目次 Table of Contents
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 問題意識 2
第二節 文獻檢閱 9
第三節 研究架構 18
第四節 章節安排 34
第二章 研究途徑與研究方法 37
第一節 研究途徑 37
第二節 研究方法與研究設計 37
第三節 研究限制 41
第三章 兩國國會對官僚議題的監督作為與比較 43
第一節 前言 43
第二節 兩國國會監督官僚議題的制度傾向推論 44
第三節 兩國國會對「公務員退撫相關法案」的實際監督作為與比較 44
第四節 小結 56
第四章 兩國國會對核能議題的監督作為與比較 58
第一節 前言 58
第二節 兩國國會監督核能議題的制度傾向推論 59
第三節 兩國國會對「核電相關法案」的實際監督作為與比較 60
第四節 小結 71
第五章 兩國國會對國防議題的監督作為與比較 73
第一節 前言 73
第二節 兩國國會監督國防議題的制度傾向推論 74
第三節 兩國國會對「軍購法案」的實際監督作為與比較 76
第四節 小結 88
第六章 結論 90
參考文獻 93
附錄 108
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