本論文包含兩個研究主題， 分別為具熱敏電阻線性化校正電路之溫度對頻率轉換器，以及量測範圍自動切換之熱敏電阻線性化校正電路，皆使用TSMC 0.50 μm CMOS High Voltage Mixed Signal Based LDMOS AI_USG Polycide 2P3M (T50UHV) 製程，以驗證設計原理。
本論文之具熱敏電阻線性化校正電路之溫度對頻率轉換器，係以先前文獻提出之熱敏電阻線性化校正電路為基礎，並加入一電壓對頻率轉換器，而不使用類比數位轉換器，可將電壓轉成數位訊號(頻率輸出)，藉以降低設計的複雜度以及電路面所需面積成本。晶片量測結果為在恆溫恆濕箱溫度範圍-5◦C 40◦C 下，其輸出頻率為1.09 MHz 1.85 MHz，最大線性誤差-1.48%、平均線性誤差0.6%，溫度誤差-1.6◦C。其效能表現之中，輸出頻率範圍、溫度誤差為目前技術之最佳者。
另外，本論文針對熱敏電阻線性化校正電路進一步改良為具溫度範圍自動切換之熱敏電阻線性化校正電路，係為了解決前一章設計之熱敏電阻線性化校正電路在適用溫度範圍不足的問題。因此加入一溫度範圍控制電路，使熱敏電阻線性化校正電路能根據溫度所在範圍，自動切換至較為合適的校正電阻以及回授電阻。量測結果在溫度範圍-5◦C 120◦C 下，其輸出電壓為1.9 V 4.1 V，最大線性誤-1.4%、平均線性誤差0.47%，最大溫度誤差-1.1◦C，溫度範圍增大為原來之三倍。

This thesis demonstrates two research topics, including a temperature to frequency converter with thermistor linear calibration and a linearization circuit with automatic temperature range selection. Both designs are realized using TSMC 0.50 μm CMOS High Voltage Mixed Signal Based LDMOS AI_USG Polycide 2P3M (T50UHV) Process to justify the design theory and expected performance.
A temperature to frequency converter with thermistor linear calibration based on the thermistor linearization circuit proposed in the literature is proposed firstly, where a voltage to frequency converter is added instead of an analog to digital converter. It converts the voltage into a digital signal (frequency output) to reduce design complexity as well as the cost of chip area. The measurement results in a thermal chamber show that the output frequency is 1.09 MHz to 1.85 MHz, the maximum linearity error -1.48%, the average linearity error 0.6%, and the temperature error -1.6◦C in the temperature range of -5◦C to 40◦C.
The thermistor linearization circuit is improved with an automatic temperature range selection to resolve the small temperature range problem in the previous design. It is featured with a temperature range selection circuit so that the thermistor linear circuit can automatically switch to a more appropriate calibration loop according to the temperature range. The measurement results of this design show that the output voltage is 1.9 V to 4.1 V, the maximum linearity error -1.4%, the average linearity error 0.47%, and the temperature error -1.1 ◦C. Most importantly, temperature range is widened to -5◦C ~ 120◦C.

論文審定書. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
英文論文審定書. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
論文摘要. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
目錄. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
圖目錄. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
表目錄. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
1 概論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 前言. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 相關文獻與研究探討. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.1 常見溫度偵測方式. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.2 熱敏電阻溫度感測電路. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 研究動機. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.3.1 具熱敏電阻線性化校正電路之溫度對頻率轉換器. . . . . . . 11
1.3.2 量測範圍自動切換之熱敏電阻線性化校正電路. . . . . . . . 11
1.4 論文大綱. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2 具熱敏電阻線性化校正電路之溫度對頻率轉換器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1 簡介. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.2 溫度對頻率轉換器系統架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3 具熱敏電阻線性化校正電路之溫度對頻率轉換器電路設計. . . . . . 14
2.3.1 熱敏電阻線性化校正電路設計. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.3.2 電壓對頻率轉換器電路設計. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.4 晶片佈局. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.5 電路模擬結果與預計規格. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.5.1 熱敏電阻線性化校正電路模擬結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.5.2 電壓對頻率轉換器模擬結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.5.3 溫度對頻率轉換器模擬結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.5.4 預計規格與模擬結果比較. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.6 晶片量測結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.6.1 量測環境. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.6.2 量測結果與分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.6.3 量測結果與模擬結果比較. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.7 結果與討論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3 量測範圍自動切換之熱敏電阻線性化校正電路. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.1 簡介. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.2 系統架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.3 量測範圍自動切換之熱敏電阻線性化校正電路設計. . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.1 具開關之熱敏電阻線性化校正電路設計. . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.2 溫度範圍控制電路之設計. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.4 晶片佈局. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.5 電路模擬結果與預計規格. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.5.1 溫度範圍控制電路模擬結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.5.2 量測範圍自動切換之熱敏電阻線性化校正電路模擬結果. . . 48
3.5.3 預計規格與模擬結果比較. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.6 晶片量測結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.6.1 量測環境. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.6.2 量測結果與分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.6.3 量測結果與模擬結果比較. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3.7 結果與討論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4 結論與未來研究方向. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.1 研究成果與結論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.2 未來研究規劃. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
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