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論文名稱 Title |
適用於車載網路通訊系統之FlexRay傳送接收器與電壓監控晶片之設計與實現 Design and Implementation of FlexRay Transceiver and Voltage Monitoring IC for Automotive Communication Systems |
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系所名稱 Department |
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畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
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學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
99 |
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研究生 Author |
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指導教授 Advisor |
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召集委員 Convenor |
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口試委員 Advisory Committee |
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口試日期 Date of Exam |
2015-01-22 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2015-01-26 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
高壓傳送接收器、高壓多工器、高壓靜電防護電路、高壓二極體、FlexRay 傳送接收器、高壓積體電路 FlexRay transceiver, high-voltage VLSI, high-voltage diode, high-voltage ESD, high-voltage multiplexer, high-voltage transceiver |
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統計 Statistics |
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中文摘要 |
隨著半導體製程的演進,車載網路系統的晶片化趨勢越來越明顯,尤其是當高壓的半導體製程技術變得越來越成熟,更加速此一趨勢。然而,在高壓半導體製程元件的使用上有許多的限制,所以需要特殊的保護電路來防止電晶體過壓而 發生故障。因此,本論文提出了多種的高壓防護電路在車載網路的傳送接收器和 電池管理系統晶片的應用上,包含FlexRay傳送接收器、高壓多工器、高壓傳送接收器等。 本論文首先提出了一個適用於車載網路的FlexRay傳送接收器,符合FlexRay實體層的規範。為了使FlexRay傳送接收器免於高壓的危險,同時也提出過壓偵測器、高壓二極體和高壓靜電防護電路。 此外,在車用的電池管理系統設計上,本論文提出了一個電壓監控晶片,包含高壓多工器和高壓傳送接收器。其中,高壓多工器為轉換電池組的電壓至類比數位轉換器的輸入範圍。而高壓傳送接收器則可以讓相鄰的電壓監控晶片互相傳 送資料,並且不需要使用額外的高壓隔離元件。 最後,FlexRay傳送接收器和電壓監控晶片皆使用高壓製程實現,以驗證高壓防護電路功能的正確性。並利用市售的車用網路晶片來驗證本論文設計之 FlexRay傳送接收器的通訊功能,也使用恆溫儀器和紅外線溫度顯示儀器來驗證晶片在不同溫度和電壓時是否功能正常。而本論文提出之電壓監控晶片可以監控 8 個電池串接的電池組和傳送接收正負32 伏特的資料訊號。最後,本論文展示了一個電壓監控晶片的模組。 |
Abstract |
In-vehicle systems on silicon became very popular when high-voltage (HV) technologies were affordable owing to the evolution of silicon semiconductor technology. However, the transistors of these HV processes usually are constrained by voltage limitations between certain terminals therewith. To overcome the limitation as well as secure the reliability, this thesis proposes many HV protection designs used in automobile networking systems and battery management systems. This thesis firstly presents a FlexRay transceiver implemented by a HV CMOS process compliant with FlexRay physical layer standards. Notably, over-voltage detectors, HV diodes, and HV ESDs are proposed therewith to protect the FlexRay transceiver from HV hazards. Meanwhile, a voltage monitoring IC used in in-vehicle battery management systems is also proposed in this thesis, where HV multiplexer is used to convert the voltage of battery module into the input range of ADCs. The HV transceivers can transmit and receive data between adjacent voltage monitoring ICs without the presence of any HV isolators. Finally, the FlexRay transceiver and voltage monitoring IC both are implemented using HV processes to justify their performance. Measurement results include functional verification to communicate with commercially available FlexRay transceivers, and reliability test given in -40 ~ +125℃ temperature range. Notably, an experimental prototype of voltage monitoring IC can monitor a series of 8 batteries and transmit/receive data with a common mode voltage between -32 ~ +32 V. |
目次 Table of Contents |
論文審定書i 中文摘要iii Abstract iv List of Figures viii List of Tables xi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1.1 FlexRay-based System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1.2 Battery Electrical Vehicle (BEV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 Literature Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.2.1 FlexRay Transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.2.2 HV Multiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.2.3 HV Transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1.3 Organization of The Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Chapter 2 A FlexRay Transceiver with 60 V Tolerance and ESD Protection for Automotive Communication Systems 16 2.1 Chapter Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.2 Architecture of the Bus Driver for FlexRay- based Systems . . . . . . 17 2.3 Architecture of the Proposed 60 V Tolerant FlexRay Transceiver with ESD Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.3.1 FlexRay Transmitter (FTx) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.3.2 FlexRay Receiver (FRx) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.3.3 HV Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.4 HV ESD (HVESD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.4 Implementation and Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Chapter 3 A Voltage Monitoring IC with HV Multiplexer and HV Transceiver 45 3.1 Chapter Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3.2 BIM System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3.3 HV Multiplexer (HVMUX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 3.3.1 HV MOSs & HV switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.3.2 Level-shift circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3.3.3 HV subtractors & dividers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 3.3.4 LV multiplexer & LV multiplier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 3.4 HV Transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 3.4.1 TX_H and TX_L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 3.4.2 RX_H and RX_L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3.5 Implementation and Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 3.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Chapter 4 Conclusion and Future Work 68 4.1 Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 4.2 Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Bibliography 72 |
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