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博碩士論文 etd-0029115-164531 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0029115-164531
論文名稱
Title
台灣生育與婚姻緊密連結之社會制度分析
The Institutional Context of Non-marital Births in Taiwan
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
60
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2015-01-29
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2015-02-10
關鍵字
Keywords
第二次人口轉型、性別平等差異發展、奉子成婚、非婚生子女、社會制度
gender equity, the Second Demographic Transition, non-marital birth, social institution, getting married for unplanned pregnancy
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5681 次,被下載 955
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5681 times, has been downloaded 955 times.
中文摘要
台灣近年來奉子成婚現象似乎日益普遍,一方面意味著婚前懷孕的汙名化降低,但另一方面卻又蘊含著婚外生育不可行。許多已開發國家的婚外生育比例已與台灣的奉子成婚比例不相上下,但台灣意外懷孕且決意生育者為何卻仍需透過婚姻制度?因此我們分別就台灣的婚育行為、婚育態度、社會制度加以分析。
本文以1992、1998、2004三期的「台灣地區家庭計畫與生育力調查系列研究」,區分三種婚育歷程,分別是:婚後懷孕、奉子成婚、婚外生育,並配合內政部戶政司的人口統計資料,分析台灣21世紀前後的婚育行為變遷;而在婚育態度方面,則應用「台灣社會變遷基本調查計畫」,瞭解社會大眾對典範家庭的期待與養育照顧小孩的責任,是否呈現世代差異。社會制度的分析則圍繞在與婚育相關的法律規範、社會政策、社會價值觀三方面。
研究結果顯示,2004年25-29歲年齡組的奉子成婚為42.44%,2000年後的婚後懷孕路徑則呈現晚婚晚育趨勢,婚內生育比例(包括奉子成婚、婚後懷孕)至今仍超過九成。儘管法律規範與社會政策對婚生與非婚生子女無差別待遇,但現今年輕夫妻以雙薪家庭為主流、社會政策的支持比例仍低、同居伴侶的法律保障未受正視,皆蘊含著原生家庭的資助對婚育行為有舉足輕重的影響。而撫育形態與婚外生育相近的單親家庭,2012年的50歲以上年齡組對其教養能力的認同度已有53.16%,但對婚外生育觀念的接受度卻僅有18.6%。
我們認為台灣生育與婚姻緊密連結的現象,與私領域的個人主義發展未全有關,婚育事件仍籠罩於家庭主義意識型態下,台灣似乎未完成第二次人口轉型,弭平公私領域的性別平等發展落差應是當務之急。
Abstract
Recently, getting married for unplanned pregnancy seems common in Taiwan. On the one hand, it reduces premarital pregnancy stigma; on the other hand, giving birth out of wedlock still doesn’t work. The percentage of giving birth out of wedlock in lots of developed countries is similar with the rate of getting married for unplanned pregnancy in Taiwan. Isn’t non-marital birth a practical option in Taiwan? The institutional context of non-marital births is the core of the paper.
The authors use data from the 1992、1998、2004 KAP (Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Contraception) and Department of Household Registration to analyze the behavior of marriage and childbirth in Taiwan. We distinguish the marriage and childbirth course into three approaches: getting pregnant after marriage, getting married for unplanned pregnancy, and giving birth out of wedlock. Our findings indicate that getting married for unplanned pregnancy aged 25-29 is 42.44% in 2004. The group of getting pregnant after marriage prefer to late marriage and late childbirth since 21st Century. Until now, the rate of marital births is more than ninety percent.
For analyzing institutional context of non-marital births in Taiwan, the law institution, social policy, and the social values are the field to examine. We also adopt data of Taiwan Social Change Survey to analyze whether the attitude of marriage and childbearing exists differences between generations. Our findings indicate that law and social policy have no discriminatory towards non-marital births. However, cohabiting couples lacks legal protection. Overall, the childbearing support from social policy is not enough. Especially, double-income families are mainstream nowadays. That is to say the resources of original family are vital for “Taiwanese Life Events”. Even though the genre of rearing children are similar between single-parent families and giving birth out of wedlock, the former have wider acceptance among the elder. 53.16% to 18.6%.
In our viewpoint, rather than individualism, familism is center of obstetrical events in Taiwan. Probably, the Second Demographic Transition can’t fully explain “Taiwanese Life Events”. To elevate gender equality in family field is priority.
目次 Table of Contents
論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖次 vi
表次 vii
第一章 緒 論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究範圍與方法 3
第二章 台灣婚育行為的變遷 6
第一節 台灣的婚前性行為 6
第二節 生育率的變遷 8
第三節 婚姻行為的變遷 12
第四節 婚育歷程的變遷 15
第三章 婚育行為變遷理論 22
第一節 第二次人口轉型 22
第二節 性別平等差異發展 26
第四章 婚育關係緊密的社會制度分析 31
第一節 法律規範 31
第二節 社會政策 34
第三節 家庭支持與社會價值觀 37
第五章 結論與建議 45
第一節 結論 45
第二節 討論與建議 46
參考資料 48
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