隨著科技日新月異，目前的社會需要有即時的健康照護系統，能夠隨時
記錄身體的變化以達到維持身體機能正常運作的效果。可量測心電圖及血壓計
等的裝置也朝向微小化和低功率的方向發展，穿戴式及植入式的微小晶片更是
生醫晶片的主流。此論文著重在於即時量測的微小多功能性生醫晶片，本電路
分為三個主要部分，分別為Bandgap電路、Pizeoelectric電路、ECG & EMG
電路系統，分別能感測周遭環境的溫度、壓力感測、心電圖以及肌肉電流。利
用外部壓電片連接Piezoelectric電路儲存所接受到的壓電訊號然後通過內部
的電容放大器將訊號處理後輸出波形，藉此了解施力的大小與正確與否，而
ECG & EMG電路系統則能藉由外部接的電極貼片輸入心電訊號再輸出所量測
到的心電波形與頻率，再由系統中的DAC與浮動電池調整增益放大器的準位電
壓。對於了解運動強度與心跳頻率方面有很大的幫助。本電路由台積電0.18um
製程技術實現在晶片上，其面積為321.2um*383.2um。本論文結合壓電、溫
度、心電圖與生物電流量測，以達到隨時記錄身體狀況的能力，並且能藉由量
測的數據觀察身體的週期變化。此晶片工作電壓為 V再搭配小面積更適用於穿
戴式或植入式的生醫應用。

With the advance of mobile healthcare and the Internet-of-things increasing numbers of applications incorporate low-power miniature sensing devices for various types of input signal. In the health and fitness market, devices monitor rehabilitation progress, quantify personal body condition, map activity, and often provide means for data integration within the front-end or via a network. This thesis focuses on the microelectronic biomedical chip for real-time measurement in the target application of a wearable monitoring system for athletes or rehabilitation.
The circuit is divided into three main parts: the temperature readout, the piezoelectric vibration readout circuit, and the variable gain amplifier circuit system to sense the electrocardiograms or muscle activity.
The vibration readout uses an external piezoelectric transducer foil which converts strain to voltage that is then conditioned and acquired by the integrated amplifier. The variable gain amplifier circuit connect to external gel electrode patches. It incorporates digitally controlled offset compensation which enables tracking and compensating for varying electrode offset in real-time. Also the amplifier gain is variable during operation to provide a good match for the amplitude of the signal input.
The system is designed and implemented in TSMC 0.18um CMOS process technology in a small active circuit area of 321.2um * 383.2um. Measured results are reported which confirm the intended operation.

Content
摘要……………………………………………………………………..ⅰ
Abstract................................................iii
Content………..………………………………………………………..iv
List of Figures…………………………………………………..…….vii
List of Table…………………………………………………………….xi
Chapter 1
Introduction …………………………………………………………...…1
1.1. Motivation …………………………………………………...….1
1.2. Target Specification ………………………………………..…....3
1.3. Contributions ………………………………………………...….4
Chapter 2
Circuit Design ……………………………………………………………5
2.1. Introduction …………………………………………………......5
2.2. Piezoelectric sensor ………………………………………...…...5
2.3. Piezoelectric sensor readout circuit…………………………….10
2.4. ExG readout system…………………………………….…...….14
2.5. Floating battery circuit …………………………………………17
2.6. DAC ……………………………………………………………19
2.7. Bandgap and temperature monitoring circuit…………………..20
Chapter 3
Integrated circuit implementation ………………………………………22
3.1. Overall system plan………………………………………….....22
3.1.1. Implementation of the buffer for bandgap readout……...…23
3.1.2. Bandgap implementation………………………...………...25
3.1.3.‘Capscaling’ circuit for piezo readout………………….…29
3.1.4. Wide range OPA ……………………………………...……31
3.1.5. ExG variable gain amplifier circuit……………………......33
3.1.6. DAC ……………………………………………………….34
3.1.7. Floating battery …………………………………………...37
3.1.8. Bias current distribution…………………………..…....….39
3.2. Chip layout ……………………………………….……………40
Chapter 4
Measured result …………………………………………...……………42
4.1. Chip photos……………………………………………..…..…..42
4.2. Measurement Setup ………………………………………....…43
4.3. Measurement of integrated circuit ………………………….….45
4.3.1. Measurement of ECG…………………………………..…..45
4.3.2. Measurement of piezo readout circuit……………….…..…50
4.3.3. Measurement of bandgap circuit.……………………….…51
4.3.4.Comparison with other programmable systems for biomedical signal applications……………………………………….54
Chapter 5
Conclusions and future works …………………………………..……..57
5.1. Conclusions ……………………………………..…………...57
5.2. Future works ……………………………………………...….58
Reference ………………………………………………………..….….59

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