各地港口各有不同的方位設計與水域特性，因此船舶要進港或出港時，需要由當地的領港上船領航，告知船長如何操縱船舶才能抵擋風與流之影響，安全的通過防波堤口。本研究以高雄二港口防波堤外八海浬以內之船舶為研究對象，利用自動識別系統(AIS, Automatic Identification System)之船舶資訊，例如：船速、航向、艏向與船舶尺寸等等，與實際的海象作分析，海象資料包括風、流、水位，藉此探討海況與進出港船舶的相關性，有助於對港口安全性的提升。分析的船舶資料時間為2015~2016每月的15~16日。
研究過程利用MATLAB為處理與分析資料之工具，將經過QC(data quality control) 的AIS資料先根據船長分類，每五十公尺一個區間，與氣海象資料比較，結果顯示風與流對於船舶進出港的艏向與船速有影響，船艏與航向的偏移方向(艏向差)主要與南北向海流有關，其偏移的方向與南北向海流相反。艏航向差的大小與南北向海流流速呈負相關，艏向差越大，則船速會越慢，但船長超過350m的船舶卻與艏航向差呈負低相關性但與風的風向風速有關。統計結果顯示，不同船長對於氣海象的影響有類似的趨勢，但不同之程度，艏向差越大則船速越慢，可根據收像差進而預估船速與進港時間。風和流彼此關係來看，當風小時，海流不會受風影響，以潮流為主。

Every port has its unique design and hydrographic conditions that when a vessel is preparing to inbound or outbound of a harbor the local pilot will help the captain to maneuver the vessel against the winds and currents to pass safely the breakwater. This research applies the AIS (Automatic Identification System) of vessels and sea states to search for their relationships. The AIS data includes ship speed, course, heading, size, latitude, longitude, time etc. Sea states include winds, currents, tides, and waves. As a navigation controller at Kaohsiung Second Port, my experiences suggest that vessels within 8 nautical miles off breakwater is a reasonable distance for my study. The data are selected from a huge data base of the 15 to 16 of every month in 2015.
The first step is to check the data quality. Basic statistic boxplot is applied to AIS data. Cruise tracks are plotted for inbound and outbound vessels. The anchored vessels are eliminated. The basic data quality control shows large amount of AIS are no good for further analysis. Time series of sea states data and basic statistics were carried out. Selected data from these two data sets are combined for correlation coefficient and Principle Component Analysis.
We divided ship length of every 50 m as a category, and correlated with sea states. The results show that winds and currents are closely correlated with headings and ship speeds. The differences of headings to courses are negatively correlated to currents of the north-south direction. Also, the differences get larger when in slow ship speed. However, the differences of heading to courses of ship size of over 350m are mainly related to winds. For the correlation of winds and currents itself, tidal current dominated when wind is small and wind has little influence to the currents.

誌謝 .................................................................................................................................... ii
Abstract ............................................................................................................................. iv
圖次 ................................................................................................................................... vi
表次 ................................................................................................................................... ix
第一章 緒論 ..................................................................................................................... 1
第二章 資料蒐集 ............................................................................................................. 6
第三章 資料分析 ........................................................................................................... 11
第四章 結果與討論 ....................................................................................................... 29
第五章 結論 ................................................................................................................... 52
參考文獻 ......................................................................................................................... 54
附錄 ................................................................................................................................. 55

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