隨著科技技術的進步與無線通訊網路的廣泛應用，人們對於能夠不受時間與空間限制而隨意存取網際網路的需求及渴望與日俱增，尤其喜好使用無線行動裝置，透過各種無線網路技術於任何時間、地點均能連接上網，取得各式服務資訊，享受數位化資訊時代下網路服務所提供的即時性與便利性。而交通運輸系統的普及性，讓現代人多以車輛為代步工具，促使更多使用者希望於行駛中的車輛亦能隨意存取網路，以獲得任何所需之資訊，因此，車載資通訊網路因應而生。然而，車載網路之車輛具高度移動特性，其網路拓樸與通訊鏈結變動頻率相當高，與傳統行動隨意網路相比差異甚大，因此在車載網路中的訊息交換該如何善用有限的網路資源，以達到穩定、即時且有效的資訊傳輸，成為許多專家研究的方向。在車載網路中，傳輸效能與品質除了受車輛自身速度影響外，也容易受同時在使用通道資源的競爭者所牽動。通道競爭便會有資料碰撞的情況發生，而在無線網路環境中，這些情況往往都是突發、難以預測的，因此要保證良好的傳輸品質變得困難。為了能獲得良好的服務效能，並對網路環境狀態的變動做即時的反應，有必要對車載網路之環境提出有效估測網路傳輸品質的方法。本篇論文著重在提升車載網路中資訊傳送時的服務品質，因此我們根據車載環境的特性提出估測連線品質的方法。此外，本論文亦根據傳輸品質的估測結果提出有效的訊息傳送機制，來增進車載網路中的傳輸效能與資源利用率。
本篇論文主要分成四個部分：(1)資訊傳送延遲時間的有效估測機制。利用一系列數學分析模型來估測在不同交通流量情況下之傳輸延遲時間，並根據此估測結果來適當調節資訊傳輸的策略；(2)基於可用頻寬預測之合作式資訊傳送機制。利用可用頻寬之分享提出一合作式資訊下載之機制，以改善車輛具有高度移動性使得可用頻寬資源受限的問題，來提升傳輸品質；(3)以機器學習方法輔助之路徑選擇機制。此資訊傳送路徑選擇方法可以有效地預測車輛的移動方向以及車輛可能行走路徑之傳輸能力，此外，亦能協助決定介於兩路側單元裝置間資訊傳送的方向；(4)訊框聚集與叢發傳輸之路由機制。此方法將資料訊框盡可能聚集在一個轉傳節點，使此轉傳節點可以叢發式方法一次送出多個訊框至下一節點，以節省資訊傳送時需耗費的傳輸成本，提升傳輸效益。經由模擬實驗可得知，本篇論文所提出之方法，可以有效提升車載網路下之傳輸效能，並可提供穩定、有效且即時之資訊傳輸品質給使用者，以滿足使用者的各式服務需求。

Thanks to the highly developed techniques of wireless communication networks, more and more users utilize wireless network to enjoy various network services. Users hope to get all kinds of network resources they need via wireless networks no matter where they are. In order to support users who are transporting by means of vehicles, scholars focus on the technology of vehicular networks, which provide all sorts of convenience, efficiency, safety, and entertainment applications to people. The high mobility and topology diversity of vehicular networks, however, are always the major challenges of technology of wireless networks. Available network resource is restricted and network connection is unreliable. In addition, in a vehicular environment, it is considerably hard to obtain and control the instant status of network connections owing to the vehicle speed and the collision situation. For the sake of achieving great network performance, obtaining the connection status of vehicular networks in real time and estimating the quality of transmissions accurately are required. This dissertation focuses on improving the quality of service for data dissemination in VANETs; therefore, this study proposes some estimation mechanisms of connection quality based on the properties of vehicular networks. Furthermore, the study proposes some forwarding methods to enhance transmission performance and resource utilization in VANETs. Our dissertation is comprised of four main schemes: (1) Effective Estimations of Information Transmission Delay Time: a series of analytical models are proposed to estimate transmission delays under different traffic conditions for properly adjusting transmission policies; (2) A Cooperative Forwarding Method Based on Bandwidth Prediction: a cooperative downloading is proposed to improve transmission quality in a moving vehicle, which has limited bandwidth due to its mobility; (3) A Machine Learning-assisted Route Selection Method: a novel routing information system is embedded in RSUs. It can predict the moves of vehicles and the transmission capacity of routes; moreover, it can help to decide the forwarding direction between two RSUs; (4) Frame Aggregation and Burst Routing Protocol: it aggregates frames in one relay node and lets the relay node transmit these frames to the next hop in burst manner. Simulation results show that these methods can significantly improve the performance of VANETs and provide reliable, efficient, and real-time information transmission for all users in vehicular networks.

論文審定書(中文) I
論文審定書(英文) II
摘要 III
Abstract V
Table of Contents VII
List of Figures IX
List of Tables XI
List of Symbols XII
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Foreword 1
1.2 Motivation 5
1.3 Organization of Dissertation 12
Chapter 2 Literature Review 13
2.1 Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) 13
2.2 Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) 17
2.3 Forwarding Methods in VANETs 20
2.3.1 Study of Information Propagation Characteristics 21
2.3.2 Message Dissemination for Real-time Applications 22
2.3.3 Routing Schemes in Urban Environments 24
2.4 Machine Learning Systems in Wireless Networks 27
2.5 The Model of Channel Competitions 28
2.6 The Technique of Data Aggregation and Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) 30
Chapter 3 Effective Estimations of Information Transmission Delay Time 32
3.1 Scenario and Assumptions 32
3.2 Transmission Delay Estimations of the proposed ARE 34
Chapter 4 A Cooperative Forwarding Method Based on Bandwidth Prediction 49
4.1 Problem Formulation 50
4.2 A Cooperative Forwarding Method 51
Chapter 5 A Machine Learning-assisted Route Selection Method 68
5.1 Scenario and Assumptions 69
5.2 A Machine Learning-assisted System for Routing Protocol 71
5.3 Analysis of MARS and Other RSU-assisted Schemes 90
Chapter 6 Frame Aggregation and Burst Routing Protocol 94
6.1 Scenario 94
6.2 Proposed Method 95
Chapter 7 Performance Evaluation 103
7.1 Simulation Results for Effective Estimations of Information Transmission Delay Time 103
7.1.1 Summary 110
7.2 Simulation Results for A Cooperative Forwarding Method Based on Bandwidth Prediction 112
7.2.1 Summary 120
7.3 Simulation Results for A Machine Learning-assisted Route Selection Method 121
7.3.1 Summary 129
7.4 Simulation Results for Frame Aggregation and Burst Routing Protocol 130
7.4.1 Summary 135
Chapter 8 Conclusion and Future Work 136
References 139

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