本研究旨在開發模廠規模之一種新穎的凹板式壓濾電脫水設備(簡稱“電脫水系統”)，於未加裝濾布之情況下，以不銹鋼網當作電脫水系統之電極，並以間歇性改變電場強度的操作方式，評估此電脫水系統處理都市下水污泥之效能。研究過程係藉由田口式實驗設計法，針對採集之都市下水污泥以L9 (34) 直交表進行脫水試驗規劃及進行相關操作參數影響之探討，試驗後，進行污泥餅之品質特性 (“最終污泥餅含水率”及“能源消耗”) 分析，進而推估此電脫水系統之最佳操作條件。針對上述兩項品質特性所獲得之最佳操作條件的試驗組別，其最終污泥餅含水率及處理每公噸污泥餅所產生額外之電動力能耗分別為：(Test A) 65.13%及154.89 kWh/ton (s=34.87%)；與 (Test B) 70.98%及83.97 kWh/ton (s=29.02%)。綜合言之，利用電動力輔助新穎的凹板式壓濾脫水系統進行都市下水污泥脫水，其結果顯示，確實可有效提升污泥脫水效率，且於未加裝濾布之情況下，以及於電脫水期間執行間歇性改變電場強度之操作，更可進一步提升電滲透脫水之效益，此外，脫水後之污泥餅，其最終處置費用相較於現行之處理/處置方式可減少約27-35%，因此，本電脫水系統確實具技術及經濟可行性，並可供後續實廠 (場) 參考及應用。

The objective of this study was to develop a novel pilot-scale sludge electrodewatering (EDW) system using recessed plate filter press with no filter cloth and evaluate its performance on sewage dewatering. In this EDW device, a perforated stainless steel sheet was used as the electrodes and filter. An experimental design using the L9 orthogonal arrays based on the Taguchi Method was employed using the following factors of three levels: (1) mechanical dewatering time, (2) time of pseudo-secondary dewatering by compressed air, (3) electrodewatering time, and (4) intermittent change of applied electric field strength. The goal was to yield the optimal operating conditions to obtain sludge cakes of the lowest moisture content and the lowest extra energy consumption separately. Tests A and B were carried out by using the optimal operating conditions determined by the Taguchi Method representing the sludge cakes having the lowest moisture content and the lowest extra energy consumption, respectively. The magnitudes of moisture content and extra energy consumption associated with the sludge cakes obtained were given as follows: (1) 65.13% and 154.89 kWh/ton for Test A; and (2) 70.98% and 83.97 kWh/ton for Test B. Evidently, EDW is capable of lowering the moisture content of dewatered sludge. A further study on sludge disposal cost taking into account of the extra energy expenditure showed that it yielded a cost saving of 27-35% as a result of implanting EDW. In summary, the novel sludge electrodewatering system developed in this work is a viable technology with economic effectiveness.

論文審定書 i
聲明切結書 ii
誌謝 iii
摘要 iv
Abstract v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xiv
照片目錄 xvi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究內容與架構 3
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2.1 污泥的來源、組成與其水分分布形式 5
2.2 生污泥之調理作用 10
2.3 污泥脫水技術 18
2.3.1 傳統污泥脫水 18
2.3.2 改良式污泥脫水 22
2.4 電動力法 24
2.4.1 電動力技術之原理 25
2.4.2 電滲透脫水 27
2.5 田口式實驗設計法 32
第三章 實驗材料、設備與方法 36
3.1 實驗材料與設備 36
3.1.1 實驗材料 36
3.1.2 實驗設備 37
3.2 研究方法 40
3.2.1 都市下水污泥來源 40
3.2.2 污泥化學調理 41
3.2.3 電動力輔助凹板式壓濾脫水設備 42
3.2.4 田口式實驗設計 43
3.2.4.1 品質特性與控制因子的選擇 43
3.2.4.2 實驗參數設定 45
3.2.4.3 L9直交表實驗結果分析 53
3.2.5 其他試驗及分析方法 54
第四章 結果與討論 56
4.1 脫水試驗用下水污泥之基本性質 56
4.2 污泥化學調理 57
4.3 電脫水系統用之電極材料可行性評估 60
4.4 操作參數及處理效能探討 63
4.4.1 不同操作條件對脫水效率之影響 63
4.4.1.1 總濾液通量及累積濾液量遞減率變化情形 63
4.4.1.2 擬二次加壓脫水操作對電脫水濾液量之影響 68
4.4.2 污泥脫水產出濾液之品質探討 70
4.4.2.1 脫水試驗之濾液pH值變化情形 70
4.4.2.2 脫水試驗之濾液導電度變化情形 73
4.4.2.3 脫水試驗之濾液溫度變化情形 75
4.4.2.4 脫水試驗之電流密度變化情形 78
4.4.2.5 脫水試驗其進料與出料之回收率 81
4.5 田口試驗結果與正規分析求得最佳操作條件 82
4.5.1 最終污泥餅含水率S/N 比值 83
4.5.2 電動力能耗之S/N比值 86
4.6 最佳操作條件驗證試驗 (Test A及Test B) 89
4.7 可行性評估 99
第五章 結論與建議 105
5.1 結論 105
5.2 建議 106
參考文獻 108
附錄 123
附錄1 控制組脫水試驗組別條件設定一覽表 123
附錄2 控制組脫水試驗之污泥餅含水率 123
碩士在學期間發表之學術論文 124

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