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博碩士論文 etd-0109117-203632 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0109117-203632
論文名稱
Title
由愛生懼:《微物之神》中的恐懼政治
From Love to Terror: The Politics of Fear in The God of Small Things
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
79
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2017-01-16
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2017-02-09
關鍵字
Keywords
阿蘭達蒂·洛伊、《微物之神》、阿鎂德、恐懼、李歐塔、後現代
The God of Small Things, Arundhati Roy, Sara Ahmed, Postmodern, Jean-François Lyotard, Fear
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5799 次,被下載 114
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5799 times, has been downloaded 114 times.
中文摘要
阿蘭達蒂‧洛伊的獲獎之作《微物之神》以其高度個人化的書寫及複雜的敘事技巧著稱。本文認為此種書寫與李歐塔(Jean-François Lyotard)的哲學政治理念相互呼應,並試圖以阿鎂德(Sara Ahmed)的恐懼理論探討這本小說。洛伊於小說中的政治訴求即為透過個人情感為被壓迫的族群發聲。小說中濃烈的負面情緒,正是為凸顯故事主角們在種姓制度下窘迫的生活概況。在這些情緒中,恐懼為最強烈的負面情感,因為它正是種姓制度用來馴化人民的政治工具之一。本文主要以阿鎂徳的恐懼理論探討恐懼在角色間的運作過程,並將洛伊於小說中所創之「愛的律法」視為「宏大敘事(metanarrative)」,此法不僅訂下種姓制度中嚴格的教條,也同時藉由規範賤民與非賤民之間的互動而產生恐懼。在種姓制度中,(不)潔淨是區分賤民與非賤民的重要依據,因為它不僅在肢體互動及血緣上將兩個族群區隔開來,甚至使得他們相互恐懼。而洛伊的書寫本身即可視為傳遞恐懼的方式之一。透過不斷重複恐怖的意象,洛伊構築出一個負聯想的網絡,在小說中創造恐懼瀰漫的氛圍。重覆本身不僅能夠強化恐懼,也同時在敘事的過程中產生迂迴的效果,從而模擬雙胞胎的創傷記憶。洛伊的恐懼書寫目的是要透過被壓迫者的視角,來喚醒讀者對於角色遭遇的關懷,而其書寫的政治性即落在她試圖探索在「愛的律法」中,克服恐懼的可能性。
Abstract
Arundhati Roy’s award-winning novel, The God of Small Things, features a highly personal writing style as well as complex narrative strategies. The present thesis argues that such writing is in line with Jean-François Lyotard’s philosophical politics and reads the novel from Sara Ahmed’s theory of fear. Roy’s political agenda in the novel is to voice for the depressed through personal affects. Thick with negative emotions, the novel depicts the reduced circumstances of the characters under the rule of the caste system. Among all the unpleasant feelings, fear is singled out as the most distinctive emotion, as the affect is employed by the caste system to subdue its subjects. To further explore the operation of fear among the characters, the present thesis approaches the novel by mainly incorporating Sara Ahmed’s model of fear into the analysis. I will begin by delineating the Love Laws as the metanarrative that regulates the strict caste regulations and triggers fear as they prescribe the proper interactions among their subjects, the Touchable and the Untouchable alike. The notion of (im)purity in the caste system is of paramount importance regarding the caste classification, because it not only divides them in both physical and genetic sense, but also creates the mutual fear between these two classes. Moreover, Roy’s writing is in itself a way to express fear. Through repetition of the horrible images, Roy builds up a network of negative associations that creates a permeating sense of fear in her novel. Such repetitions not only help to intensify fear but also create a circular effect in her narration that imitates the wounded memories of the twins. Roy’s writing of fear is an attempt to raise the reader’s concern for the reduced circumstances of the characters by seeing from the depressed people’s perspectives. Her radical politics lies in her exploration of the possibility of overcoming the fear engendered by the Love Laws.
目次 Table of Contents
Acknowledgements i
中文摘要 ii
Abstract iii
Table of Contents iv
Chapter 1: Introduction: Fear in the Postmodern Context 1
Chapter 2: In Fear of Difference: (Im)purity in the Caste System 17
Chapter 3: Writing Fear: The Aesthetics of Repetition 37
Chapter 4: Experiencing Fear: The Effect of Narration 53
Chapter 5: Conclusion 66
Works Cited 71
參考文獻 References
Works Cited

Ahmed, Sara. “The Affective Politics of Fear.” The Cultural Politics of Emotion. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2015. 62-81.
Alexandru, Maria-Sabina. “Towards a Politics of the Small Things: Arundhati Roy and the Decentralization of Authorship.” Authorship in Context: From the Theoretical to the Material. Ed. Kyriaki Hadjiafxendi and Polina Mackay. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. 163-81.
Baneth-Nouailhetas, Émilienne. “The Structures of Memory.” Tickell 142-54.
Brandeis, Gayle. Fruitflesh: Seeds of Inspiration for Women Who Write. San Francisco: Harper, 2002.
Cabaret, Florence. “Classification in The God of Small Things.” Froude-Durix and Durix 75-90.
Durix, Jean-Pierre. “The ‘Post-Coloniality’ of The God of Small Things.” Froude-Durix and Durix 7-22.
Froude-Durix, Carole, and Jean-Pierre Durix, eds. Reading Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Dijon: Éditions Universitaires de Dijon, 2002.
Kanaganayakam, Chelva. “Religious Myth and Subversion in The God of Small Things.” Literary Canons and Religious Identity. Ed. Erik Borgman, Bart Philipsen, and Lea Verstricht. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004. 141-49.
Lanone, Catherine. “Seeing the World Through Red-Coloured Glasses: Desire and Death in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things.” Froude-Durix and Durix 125-43.
Lyotard, Jean-François. The Postmodern Condition : A Report on Knowledge. Trans. Geoffrey Bennington and Brian Massumi. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1984.
Mani, K. Ratna Shiela. “Narrative Devices in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things.” Indian Women Writers: Critical Perspectives. Ed. Jaydipsinh Dodiya and K. V. Surendran. New Delhi: Sarup, 1999. 143-55.
Mortensen, Peter. “‘Civilization’s Fear of Nature’: Postmodernity, Culture, and Environment in The God of Small Things.” Beyond Postmodernism: Reassessments in Literature, Theory and Culture. Ed. Klaus Stierstorfer. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2003. 179-95.
Mullaney, Julie. “The Novel.” Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. New York: Bloomsbury, 2002. 46.
Outka, Elizabeth. “Trauma and Temporal Hybridity in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things.” Contemporary Literature 52.1 (2011): 21-53. Project Muse. 20 Dec. 2016.
Roy, Arundhati. “The Doctor and the Saint.” Annihilation of Caste: The Annotated Critical Edition. London: Verso, 2014. 17-179.
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Sacksick, Elsa. “‘As Ye Sew, So Shall Ye Rip’: The Aesthetics of Stitching up in The God of Small Things.” Rewriting/Reprising in Literature: The Paradoxes of Intertextuality. Ed. Claude Maisonnat, Josiane Paccaud-Huguet, and Annie Ramel. New Castle: Cambridge Scholars, 2009. 66-76.
Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. Touching Feeling: Affect, Pedagogy, Performativity. Durham: Duke UP, 2003.
Strehle, Susan. “Exiles and Orphans: Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things.” Transnational Women’s Fiction: Unsettling Home and Homeland. New York: Palgrave, 2008. 126-52.
Tickell, Alex. Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. London: Routledge, 2007.
Tomkins, Silvan S. Affect Imagery Consciousness: The Complete Edition. New York: Springer, 2008.
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