本論文的內容針對一些新型設計的印刷槽孔天線之特性進行分析與探討，其中依各種不同的操作方式做了一些應用設計。在線性極化方面，首先提出印刷槽孔天線之雙頻帶操作設計，即是在寬矩形槽孔天線上載入一個開路環形金屬造成雙頻的操作特性進行分析與探討，再者提出一種新型的雙頻雙迴路印刷槽孔天線，緊接著研究印刷槽孔天線的寬頻帶操作設計，也就是在微帶線饋入半圓形印刷槽孔天線加上一個矩形槽孔以形成寬頻帶操作之新型設計，這些設計其操作頻寬可以達到大約46%。此外，在圓極化方面，針對圓形微帶天線的特定圓環形槽孔結構，提出一種不對稱擾動方式之圓極化操作設計，藉由此迂迴槽孔的微擾，可得到良好的圓極化印刷槽孔天線。最後，利用短路方式可產生圓極化操作的觀念，提出一種可以圓極化操作的設計並且較適合於積體電路整合的天線，其中此圓極化的印刷槽孔天線其圓極化頻寬都在 8% 以上。

Novel designs of printed slot antennas have been investigated in this dissertation. For the linearly polarized designs, the study of single-feed dual-frequency printed slot antennas with an open-ring conducting strip is first presented. In addition, a novel design of dual-frequency dual-loop printed slot antenna is described. As for the broadband printed slot antenna designs, a printed semicircular slot antenna with a microstripline feed is shown. The impedance bandwidth obtained reaches about 46%. For the circularly polarized designs, we propose a circularly polarized microstrip antenna with an asymmetry of the antenna structure. By choosing a suitable meandered slot, CP operation can be obtained. Finally, we apply the design concept of CP operation using a shorted section to achieve a circularly polarized printed slot antenna design. The obtained CP bandwidth of this design is greater than 8%.

文 字 目 錄
頁次
文字目錄 i
圖形目錄 iv
表格目錄 ix

第一章 序論 (Introduction) 1
1.1 概述 1
1.2 文獻導覽 2
1.3 內容提要 4

第二章 共面波導饋入之雙頻槽孔天線
(Coplanar Waveguide-Fed Printed Slot Antenna with Dual-Frequency Operation) 6
2.1 概述 6
2.1.1 共面波導饋入方式之簡介 6
2.1.2 使用共面波導饋入槽孔天線的相關設計 7
2.2 設計概念 12
2.3 使用載入一個開路環形金屬的設計方法 12
2.4 分析與討論 15
2.5 雙頻印刷槽孔天線之雙頻設計 21
2.5.2 概述 21
2.5.2 天線寬頻設計 21
2.5.3 天線寬頻設計之實驗結果與討論 22

第三章 共面波導饋入雙頻雙迴路印刷槽孔天線
(Coplanar Waveguide-Fed Dual-Frequency Printed Dual-Slot Loop Antenna) 27
3.1 概述 27
3.2 設計概念 27
3.3 天線設計原理 28
3.4 實驗結果與討論 31

第四章 微帶線饋入印刷半圓形槽孔天線寬頻操作
(Microstripline-Fed Printed Semicircular Slot Antenna with Broadband Operation) 44
4.1 概述 44
4.1.1 使用寬槽孔天線來形成寬頻操作 44
4.1.2 使用槽孔天線耦合另一共振來形成寬頻操作 45
4.1.3 使用特殊槽孔來形成寬頻操作 46
4.2 設計概念 53
4.3 天線設計原理 53
4.4 實驗結果與討論 55

第五章 微帶線饋入印刷環形槽孔天線圓極化設計
(Microstripline-Fed Circularly Polarized Printed Ring Slot Antenna)
. 64
5.1 概述 64
5.1.1 使用對稱擾動元件之方式之槽孔天線圓極化設計 65
5.1.1 使用特殊饋入方式之槽孔天線圓極化設計 65
5.1.3 使用特殊槽孔天線之槽孔天線圓極化設計 65
5.2 設計概念 69
5.3 天線設計方法 69
5.4 實驗結果與討論 74

第六章 微帶線饋入印刷短路環形槽孔天線圓極化設計
(Microstripline-Fed Printed Shorted Ring Slot Antenna for Circular Polarization) 84
6.1 概述 84
6.2 設計概念 84
6.3 天線設計方法 85
6.4 實驗結果與討論 88

第七章 結論 (Conclusions) 98

參考文獻 (References) 100


圖 形 目 錄
頁次
圖2.1.1 槽孔天線使用共面波導饋入之方式的結構圖. 8
圖2.1.2 使用共面波導的雙頻帶操作印刷槽孔天線幾何結構圖. 11
圖2.3.1 共面波導饋入雙頻印刷槽孔天線之幾何結構圖 14
圖2.4.1 三個原形雙頻操作槽孔天線的反射損失頻率響應量測結果；三個原形天線的相關設計參數列於表2.4.1裡面 18
圖2.4.2 天線一操作於1647MHz 與2417MHz 兩個共振頻率之下所量測到的E-plane(y-z平面)與H-plane(x-z平面)遠場輻射場型圖 19
圖2.4.3 天線三操作於1606MHz與1771MHz兩個共振頻率之下所量測到的E-plane(y-z平面)與H-plane(x-z平面)遠場輻射場型圖。 20
圖2.5.1 實驗量測所得的雙頻印刷槽孔天線延伸為寬頻設計的反射損失頻率響應圖； = 4.4, h = 1.6 mm, = 6.37 mm, = 0.5 mm, ground-plane size = 88 × 75 mm2, L × W = 49.9 × 14.8 mm2, Ls × Ws = 43.7 × 8.6 mm2, S = 1.9 mm, d = 1.2 mm, t = 11.6 mm, b = 8.3 mm………………………….……………………...23
圖2.5.2 實驗量測所得的雙頻印刷槽孔天線延伸為寬頻設計在(a) f = 1550 MHz (b) f = 1600 MHz(c) f = 1700 MHz (d) f = 1896 MHz 時的 E-plane(y-z plane)與H-plane (x-z plane)的遠場輻射場型圖；天線參數如圖2.5.1所示。 24
圖2.5.3 實驗量測所得的雙頻印刷槽孔天線延伸為寬頻設計在垂向輻射方向上的天線增益頻率響應圖；天線參數如圖2.5.1所示。 26
圖3.3.1 共面波導饋入雙頻雙迴路槽孔天線的幾何結構圖 ………30
圖3.4.1 使用 FR4 玻纖板材質的三個雙頻雙迴路印刷槽孔天線之原型天線設計量測所得到的反射損失頻率響應圖。天線參數如表3.4.1所示。 36
圖3.4.2 在固定縫隙間隔寬度 g = 0.3 mm 情況下，改變不同共面波導信號線上調整株長度 t 影響下，對雙頻雙迴路印刷槽孔天線之原型天線三量測所得到的反射損失頻率響應圖。天線參數如表3.4.1所示。 37
圖3.4.3 在固定共面波導信號線上調整株長度 t = 9.5 mm 情況下，改變不同縫隙間隔寬度 g 影響下，對雙頻雙迴路印刷槽孔天線之原型天線三量測所得到的反射損失頻率響應圖。天線參數如表3.4.1所示。 38
圖3.4.4 實驗量測所得的天線二操作於1858MHz及2608MHz時的幅射場型圖。天線參數如表3.4.1所示。 39
圖3.4.5 實驗量測所得天線二操作於1858 MHz及2608 MHz兩個頻帶內之天線增益頻率響應圖。天線參數如表3.4.1所示。 40
圖3.4.6 使用 Duroid 材質的兩個雙頻雙迴路印刷槽孔天線之原型天線設計量測所得到的反射損失頻率響應圖。天線參數如表3.4.2所示。 41
圖3.4.7 實驗量測所得的天線五操作於1900MHz及2797MHz時的幅射場型圖。天線參數如表 3.4.2 所示。 42
圖3.4.8 實驗量測所得的天線五操作於1900MHz及2797MHz時的幅射場型圖。天線參數如表 3.4.2 所示。 43
圖4.1.1 使用寬印刷槽孔天線寬頻操作的幾何圖 47
圖4.1.2(a) 使用共面波導迴路天線結合背面的微帶天線共振的印刷槽孔天線寬頻操作的幾何圖。 51
圖4.1.2(b) 使用共面波導饋入電感式槽孔偶極天線耦合一個矩形的印刷槽孔天線以形成寬頻操作的幾何圖。 51
圖4.1.3 使用共面波導饋入領結形槽孔天線以形成寬頻操作的幾何圖。 52
圖4.3.1 微帶線饋入印刷半圓形槽孔天線天線幾何結構圖 54
圖4.4.1 當矩形槽孔的尺寸為 L = 11.5 mm, W = 5.79 mm 時實驗量測所得的微帶線饋入印刷半圓形槽孔天線的原型天線之反射損失頻率響應圖; R= 30 mm, L = 11.5 mm, W = 5.79 mm, lf = 19.5 mm, wf = 3.01 mm, h = 1.6 mm, er = 4.4, ground plane size = 120 ×120 mm2. 57
圖4.4.2 實驗量測所得最佳化設計的微帶線饋入印刷半圓形槽孔天線之反射損失頻率響應圖; R = 30 mm, W = 9.3 mm, wf = 3.1 mm, t = 28.4 mm, er = 4.4, h = 1.6 mm, ground-plane size = 120 × 120 mm2. 58
圖4.4.3 在相同的矩形槽孔尺寸下，改變饋入微帶線長度之實驗量測所得的微帶線饋入印刷半圓形槽孔天線的反射損失頻率響應圖。其他天線參數如圖4.4.2中所示。 59
圖4.4.4 在相同的矩形槽孔寬度下，改變矩形槽孔長度實驗量測所得的微帶線饋入印刷半圓形槽孔天線的反射損失頻率響應圖。其他天線參數如圖4.4.2中所示。 60
圖4.4.5 實驗量測所得的寬頻操作的微帶線饋入印刷半圓形槽孔天線寬頻操作於共振頻率在(a) 1700MHz (b) 1845MHz (c) 2450MHz及(d) 2734MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖。其他天線參數如圖4.4.2中所示。 61
圖4.4.6 實驗量測所得的微帶線饋入印刷半圓形槽孔天線寬頻操作天線增益頻率響應圖。 63
圖5.1.1 使用對稱擾動的方式槽孔天線圓極化設計的天線幾何結構圖 66
圖5.1.2 使用結構上之特殊饋入方式槽孔天線圓極化設計的天線幾何結構圖 67
圖5.1.3 使用特殊槽孔的槽孔天線圓極化設計的天線幾何結構圖 68
圖5.3.1 正方環形印刷槽孔天線圓極化設計的天線幾何結構圖 72
圖5.4.1 實驗量測所得正方環形印刷槽孔天線圓極化操作的史密斯圖；L1 = 40 mm, L2 = 32 mm, W = 4 mm, = 15 mm, = 12.5 mm, = 10 mm, wt = 6 mm, wf = 3.1 mm, h = 1.6 mm, er = 4.4, ground-plane size = 80 × 80 mm2. 76
圖5.4.2 實驗量測所得的正方環形印刷槽孔天線圓極化軸比圖 (中心頻率 f = 1500MHz) ；天線設計參數如圖5.4.1中所示。 77
圖5.4.3 實驗量測所得的正方環形印刷槽孔天線天線增益頻率響應圖 (中心頻率 f = 1500MHz) ；天線設計參數如圖5.4.1中所示。 78
圖5.4.4 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的正方環形印刷槽孔天線設計於共振頻率在1500MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖；天線設計參數如圖5.4.1中所示。 79
圖5.4.5 實驗量測所得的圓環形印刷槽孔天線的史密斯圖；R1 = 20 mm, R2 = 16 mm, W = 4 mm, = 15 mm, = 12.5 mm, = 10 mm, wt = 6 mm, wf = 3.1 mm, h = 1.6 mm, er = 4.4, ground-plane size = 80 × 80 mm2. 80
圖5.4.6 實驗量測所得圓環形印刷槽孔天線圓極化軸比圖 (中心頻率 f = 1720MHz)；天線設計參數如圖5.4.5中所示。 81
圖5.4.7 實驗量測所得的圓環形印刷槽孔天線增益頻率響應圖 (中心頻率 f = 1720MHz)；天線設計參數如圖5.4.5中所示。 82
圖5.4.8 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的圓環形印刷槽孔天線設計於共振頻率在1720MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖；天線設計參數如圖5.4.5中所示。 83
圖6.3.1 使用短路段的微帶線饋入圓極化操作圓環形槽孔天線幾何結構圖 86
圖6.3.2 使用短路段的微帶線饋入圓極化操作正方環形槽孔天線幾何結構圖 87
圖6.4.1 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的印刷短路圓環形槽孔天線設計的反射損失頻率響應圖 ；R1 = 35 mm, R2 = 30 mm, q = 14°, t = 24 mm, w = 1.9 mm, wf = 3.1 mm, h = 1.6 mm, er = 4.4, ground-plane size = 140 mm ×140 mm. 90
圖6.4.2 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的印刷短路圓環形槽孔天線設計圓極化軸比圖 (中心頻率 f = 1710MHz)；天線設計參數如圖6.4.1中所示。 91
圖6.4.3 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的印刷短路圓環形槽孔天線設計於共振頻率在1710MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖；天線設計參數如圖6.4.1中所示。 92
圖6.4.4 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的印刷短路圓環形槽孔天線設計的天線增益頻率響應圖；天線設計參數如圖6.4.1中所示。 93
圖6.4.5 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的印刷短路正方環形槽孔天線設計的反射損失頻率響應圖；L1 = 64 mm, L2 = 54 mm, g = 19 mm, t = 26.5 mm, w = 1.1 mm, wf = 3.1 mm, h = 1.6 mm, er = 4.4, ground-plane size = 140 × 140 mm2. 94
圖6.4.6 實驗量測所得的印刷短路正方環形槽孔天線圓極化軸比圖 (中心頻率 f = 1550MHz) ；天線設計參數如圖6.4.5中所示。 95
圖6.4.7 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的印刷短路正方環形槽孔天線設計於共振頻率在1550MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖；天線設計參數如圖6.4.5中所示 96
圖6.4.8 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的印刷短路正方環形槽孔天線設計的天線增益頻率響應圖；天線設計參數如圖6.4.5中所示。 97
表 格 目 錄
頁次
表2.4.1 三個原形天線的相關設計參數及所得到的雙頻槽孔天線操作於平行極化的雙頻帶特性表； = 4.4, h = 1.6 mm, = 4.4, h = 1.6 mm, = 6.37 mm, = 0.5 mm, ground-plane size = 88 × 75 mm2.天線操作的頻帶寬可以由10dB返回損失之間的頻率來定義。天線增益是在天線的垂向幅射方向上所量測兩個操作頻率得到的結果。 17
表3.4.1 三個雙頻雙迴路印刷槽孔天線之原型天線使用 FR4 玻纖板材質的設計參數及所得到的雙頻帶特性表； = 4.4, h = 1.6 mm, ground-plane size = 80mm × 75 mm， Wc = 6.37 mm, Sc = 0.5 mm, g = 0.3 mm, ground-plane size = 90 × 75 mm2.天線操作的頻帶寬可以由10dB返回損失之間的頻率來定義。天線增益是在天線的垂向幅射方向上所量測兩個操作頻率得到的結果。 而P1/P2是本設計天線外圈周長長度與內圈周長長度的比值。 34
表3.4.2 兩個雙頻雙迴路印刷槽孔天線之原型天線使用Duroid RO3003TM的微波基板材質的設計參數及所得到的雙頻帶特性表； = 3.0, h = 0.8 mm， Wc = 8.43 mm, Sc = 0.3 mm, g = 0.3 mm, ground-plane size = 90 × 75 mm2. 天線操作的頻帶寬可以由10dB返回損失之間的頻率來定義。天線增益是在天線的垂向幅射方向上所量測兩個操作頻率得到的結果。而P1/P2是本設計天線外圈周長長度與內圈周長長度的比值。 35

參 考 文 獻
（References）

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