本研究海域位於台灣海峽東南部，沿澎湖南方的陸棚邊緣至台南永安，測站橫跨澎湖水道，並在中油公司油氣井平台預定點密集採樣，分析桁桿式蝦拖網所捕獲底棲無脊椎動物之種類組成與群聚狀態，對其做區域分布特性的描述，並探討群聚差異可能的原因。結果顯示底棲生物相主要由刺細胞動物與節肢動物構成，且生物相存在空間差異，節肢動物主要分布於近岸測站，而刺細胞動物主要分布於遠岸，並以軟珊瑚(Bellonella sp.)為主，且刺細胞動物豐度與物種數、豐度、歧異度指數及種豐富度指數呈正相關。優勢物種空間分布大致可分為近岸物種及遠岸物種，近岸關係物種共同出現的一致性較低；遠岸關係物種則以刺細胞動物分佈一致性最高，如軟珊瑚Bellonella sp.、群體海葵Epizoanthus ramosus、海葵Actiniaria sp.、單體珊瑚Tropidocyathus lessonii、Flabellum distinctum及Flabellum sp.；而節肢動物Parapagurus diogenes、Actumnus sp.及多毛類Polychae sp.2則與刺細胞動物的空間分布有較高的相似性。群聚分析的結果顯示，測站之間有顯著差異，而季節之間無顯著差異。空間上可分為近岸及遠岸2大群，遠岸可再分為3小群；分別為澎湖水道以東、澎湖水道以西及油氣井平台預定點，顯現了海底環境影響的差異。近岸主要為梭子蟹Portunus spp.及彷對蝦Parapenaeopsis spp.；遠岸的澎湖水道以東主要為梭子蟹Portunus spp.、赤對蝦Metapenaeopsis spp.、烏賊Sepia sp.及薄泡螺Philine sp.，澎湖水道以西主要為單體珊瑚Flabellum spp.、T. lessonii、軟珊瑚Alcyonacea spp.、群體海葵E. ramosus，油氣井平台預定點主要為群體海葵E. ramosus、海葵Actiniaria sp.、單體珊瑚T. lessonii、寄居蟹Parapagurus diogenes。

To understand the epibenthic invertebrate community on the contential
shelf break of southwestern Taiwan, we had sampled along the shelf break from
Yongan to southern Penghu with beam trawl. Sampling was more intensively
around nature gas drill site planed by China Petroleum Corporation. Dominant
species were Cnidaria and Arthropoda in this area. The distribution of
dominant species was different from inshore to offshore. The composition of
dominant species group of offshore area were more homogeneous than that of
inshore area. The abundance of Cnidaria was positively correlated to the
number of species, abundance, diversity, and richness of the sampling site.
Cnidaria appeared mostly on offshore, which including Bellonella sp.,
Epizoanthus ramosus, Actiniaria sp., Tropidocyathus lessonii, Flabellum
distinctum and Flabellum sp.. Furthermore, Parapagurus Diogenes, Actumnus
sp. and Polychae sp.2 showed high co-occurrence with Cnidaria in spatial
distribution. Results of multivariate analysis showed heterogeneity in
community structure among inshore and offshore. Community composition of
offshore can be seperated into 3 subgroups, which were western Penghu
Channel, eastern Penghu Channel, and area around nature gas drill. These
findings revealed a significant influence of environment condition and
topography on the composition of benthic community. The dominant species of
inshore area were Portunus spp. and Parapenaeopsis spp.. The dominant
species of western Penghu Channel were Portunus spp., Metapenaeopsis spp.,
Sepia sp., and Philine sp.. The dominant species of eastern Penghu Channel
were Flabellum spp., T. lessonii, Alcyonacea spp., and E. ramosus. The
dominant species of area around nature gas drill were E. ramosus, Actiniaria
sp., T. lessonii, and Parapagurus Diogenes.

目錄
謝辭 i
中文摘要 ii
英文摘要 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
附件 viii
1.前言 1
1.1. 底棲無脊椎動物與海洋 1
1.2. 陸源影響海洋的範圍 1
1.3. 陸棚邊緣的環境 2
1.4. 台灣西南海域的環境 3
1.5. 甲烷與生物 4
1.6. 源起與目的 5
2. 材料與方法 6
2.1. 樣品來源 6
2.1.1. 採樣地點 6
2.1.2. 採樣時間 6
2.2. 樣品處理 6
2.3. 分析方法 7
2.3.1. 多樣性指數 7
2.3.2. 豐度百分比大於1%物種之相似度 8
2.3.3. 群聚分析 9
3. 結果 10
3.1. 底棲無脊椎動物之物種組成 10
3.2. 生物群聚之多樣性 11
3.3. 豐度百分比大於1%物種之相似度分析 11
3.4. 底棲無脊椎動物群聚分析 11
4. 討論 13
4.1. 深海珊瑚的比較 13
4.2. 刺細胞動物對底棲生物的影響 14
4.3. 群聚分析 16
4.4. 結語 19
5. 參考文獻 21
 
表目錄
表1、測站資料 31
表2、台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物豐度累計物種表，累計至80% 32
表3、各站次刺細胞動物豐度與各指數之斯皮爾曼等級相關(Spearman Rank Correlation)檢驗 33
表4、空間上的2大群近岸及遠岸，群間相異度物種貢獻表，貢獻度累計至60% 34
表5、測站A、B、C-1至C-4與測站D、T、E、F、G及H群間相異度物種貢獻表，貢獻度累計至60% 35
表6、測站D、T、E、F、G及H與測站I、J、K至K-2群間相異度物種貢獻表，貢獻度累計至60% 36
 
圖目錄
圖1、台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣研究之底拖樣品採樣點位置圖 37
圖2、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物6大類(a)物種數、(b)豐度 組成比例 38
圖3、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣各測站6大類底棲無脊椎動物豐度組成百分比 39
圖4、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣Bellonella sp.總豐度站別變化圖 40
圖5、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣T. lessonii總豐度站別變化圖 41
圖6、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣E. ramosus總豐度站別變化圖 42
圖7、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣Actiniaria sp.總豐度站別變化圖 43
圖8、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣F. distinctum總豐度站別變化圖 44
圖9、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物物種數站別 45
圖10、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物豐度站別變化圖 46
圖11、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物歧異度指數站別變化圖 47
圖12、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物種豐富度指數站別變化圖 48
圖13、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物均勻度指數站別變化圖 49
圖14、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物優勢度指數站別變化圖 50
圖15、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物豐度比例達1%的 21物種之集群分析（Cluster analysis）樹狀圖 51
圖16、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物豐度比例達1%的 21物種類之MDS分析結果 52
圖17、2007年1月至 2012年4月間台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物群聚之集群分析（Cluster analysis）樹狀圖 53
圖18、台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物空間差異之MDS分析
結果 54
圖19、台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物季節差異之MDS分析
結果 55
圖20、台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物測站間之ANOSIM分析
結果 56
圖21、台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物季節間之ANOSIM分析
結果 57
圖22、台灣西南海域陸棚邊緣底棲無脊椎動物測站間相似度之MDS分析結果。 58

附件
附表一、依同屬或同大類物種合併表 59

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