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博碩士論文 etd-0111115-170034 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0111115-170034
論文名稱
Title
從自然權利到權利的承認:格林政治思想初探
From Natural Rights to Rights Recognition: A Study of T. H. Green's Political Thought
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
88
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2015-01-27
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2015-02-11
關鍵字
Keywords
英國觀念論、新自由主義、格林、權利承認
British Idealism, New Liberalism, Thomas Hill Green, Rights Recognition
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5701 times, has been downloaded 1112 times.
中文摘要
自然權利說做為權利理論的主流,不僅形塑了我們對於權利的想像,也影響了當代人權學說發展。自然權利做為人與生俱來最為基本的權利,不僅具有先於社會而存在的優先性,其存在亦不依靠任何政治體制而有。然而英國觀念論卻反對自然權利說的這種假設,並且認為自然權利說將權利的概念抽離人生活的社會脈絡,忽略了人類所具有的社會性。格林(Thomas Hill Green)作為英國觀念論中的代表人物,其權利承認說更是英國觀念論的權利觀代表。與自然權利說相異,格林認為權利乃是社會關係的體現,需要受到他人或是社會的「承認」才能成立。權利不僅是個人的能力,更是個人實現道德理想的方法,因此權利的「自然性」在於它對於人類的重要性,而不是因為其先於社會存在。然而「自然權利」到「權利承認」的權利概念之轉換,代表的不僅是兩種政治思想的差異,背後更是隱含了其道德觀的對立。格林的政治便是一種「完善論的自由主義」,有別於霍布斯所開創的與道德哲學分化的政治理論。格林的「權利承認」跳脫了自然權利以降為代表的自由主義脈絡,賦予權利更為積極的面向,並且將共善與道德理想的概念帶入權利,使得權利與政治具有其道德目的。格林的權利承認不僅是對於自由主義的修正,更可以被視為解決當代自由—社群主義之爭的第三條道路。藉由對於格林政治思想的探究,便能發現「權利」與「共善」兩種價值並不一定是彼此對立、而是可以兼容並存的。因此,格林的權利承認不僅僅是對權利概念的不同詮釋,格林的新自由主義亦能提供我們一個有別於傳統自由主義的思想脈絡。
Abstract
Natural rights theory not only influences the modern conception of rights, but also has its impact on the development of human rights theories. The idea of natural rights suggests that we have rights just because we’re human, and it also shows that the existence of these rights does not rely on any form of society or political institutions. However, British Idealism provides us with a very different interpretation of rights. They believe that the idea of natural rights ignores the fact that people are indeed bonded with the social relations, and rights thus are the actualization of social relations. “Rights recognition thesis” of Thomas Hill Green is the perfect representation of the British Idealism’s concept of rights. Green believed that only through social recognition can rights be made. Rights are not only individual powers, but also the way to achieve one’s moral end. Rights can only be “natural” due to its importance to human beings. However, this shift from natural rights to rights recognition is not just changes in concept; it also represents two different kinds of moral attitude. Green’s politics can be seen as “Perfectionist Liberalism”, which is different from Hobbes’ separation on moral philosophy and political theories. Green’s political thoughts are not only incoherent with his moral attitude; his “new liberalism” is politics with moral concerns. Green’s rights recognition thesis brings in the moral aspect of rights, combines it with the value of common good. It can be seen as a “solution” or “the third way” in the contemporary liberal-communitarian debate, providing us with an alternative in the confrontation of the value of rights and common good; Green’s new liberalism proves that these two values can be compatible with each other. Thus, the examination on Green’s thoughts should be able to provide us with a train of thoughts different from liberal tradition.
目次 Table of Contents
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 4
第三節 文獻回顧與章節安排 7
第一項 文獻回顧 7
第二項 章節安排 8
第二章 權利政治—霍布斯的自然權利說 10
第一節 從自然法到自然權利 10
第二節 霍布斯的人性哲學與新道德態度 19
第三節 格林對自然權利說的批判 21
第一項 自由與平等—從自然狀態到社會狀態 21
第二項 自然權利的優先性 24
第三項 兩種權利觀的差異 27
第三章 格林的道德哲學 28
第一節 人觀 29
第一項 行為動機—慾望、快樂與自我意識 30
第二項 知識、經驗與永恆意識 34
第三項 意志與善—從外在行為到內在意識 37
第二節 道德理想與共善 39
第一項 道德理想 40
第二項 從個人善(personal good)到共同善(common good) 42
第四章 格林的權利承認說 49
第一節 權利的承認 50
第一項 相互承認 51
第二項 承認的意義 53
第三項 承認的限制性—權利的普世性與歷史性 55
第二節 權利與共善 57
第一項 從共善的認同到權利的承認 58
第二項 政治義務與道德責任 60
第三項 法定權利的證成—格林論財產權 62
第三節 格林的新自由主義 64
第一項 國家的目的 65
第二項 “Has the citizen rights against the state?” 67
第三項 格林的福利國家 69
第五章 結論 72
引用文獻 76
參考文獻 80
參考文獻 References
一、專書著作

(一)格林著作:
Green, Thomas Hill. 1883. Prolegomena to Ethics. Bradley, A. C. (ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
———. 1921. Lectures on the Principles of Political Obligation. London: Longmans.
———. 1997. Collected Works of T. H. Green: 5 volumes. Nettleship, R. L., and Nicholson, Peter. (eds.). Bristol: Thoemmes.
———. 1997.‘Lecture on Liberal Legislation and Freedom of Contract’, in Works, vol. III

(二)英文:
Barker, Ernest. 1915. Political Thought in England from Herbert Spencer to the Present Day. London: Williams and Norgate.
Boucher, David., and Vincent, Andrew. 2000. British Idealism and Political Theory. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
———. 2012. British Idealism: a Guide for the Perplexed. Bloomsbury Publishing: New York.
Brink, David O. 2003. Perfectionism and the Common Good: Themes in the Philosophy of T. H. Green. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Chin, Yueh Liu. 1920. The Political Theory of Thomas Hill Green. New York: W. D. Gray.
Dimova-Cookson, Maria. 2001. T. H. Green's Moral and Political Philosophy: a Phenomenological Perspective. Houndsmill: Palgrave.
Dimova-Cookson, Maria., and Mander, William J.. (eds.). 2006. T. H. Green: Ethics, Metaphysics, and Political Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Hobbes, Thomas. 1994. Leviathan. Curley E. (ed.). Indianapolis: Hackett.
Morrow, John. (ed.). 2007. T. H. Green (International Library of Essays in the History of Social and Political Thought). UK: Ashgate Publishing Company.
Nicholson, Peter. P.. 1990. The Political Philosophy of the British Idealists: Selected Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ross, William David. 2002. The Right and the Good. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Simhony, Avital, and Weinstein, David. (eds.). 2001. The New Liberalism: Reconciling Liberty and Community. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Strauss, Leo. 1953. Natural Right and History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
———. 1963. The Political Philosophy of Hobbes: Its basis and Its Genesis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Taylor, Charles. 1985. Philosophical Papers: Volume 2, Philosophy and the Human Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Thomas, Geoffrey. 1987. The Moral Philosophy of T. H. Green. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Tyler, Colin. 2010. Metaphysics of Self-realisation and Freedom: Part 1 of The Liberal Socialism of Thomas Hill Green. VA: Imprint Academic.
Vincent, Andrew. 2010. The Politics of Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Vincent, Andrew., and Plant, Raymond. 1984. Philosophy, Politics, and Citizenship: The Life and Thought of the British Idealists. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Wacks, Raymond. 2006. Philosophy of Law: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

(三)中文著作:
錢永祥,2014,《動情的理性》,台北:聯經出版。

(四)中文翻譯:
Anthony Arblaster,2011,《西方自由主義的興衰》,曹海軍等譯,長春:吉林人民 出版。
Aristotle,2006,《尼各馬科倫理學》,高思謙譯,台北:台灣商務。
St. Thomas Aquinas,2008,《神學大全》,高旭東、陳家華等譯,台南:碧岳學社 ╱高雄:中華道明會。
Ernest Barker,1989,《英國政治思想:從赫伯特•斯賓塞到現代》,陳中人譯,台 北:結構群。
Marcus Tullius Cicero,2006,《論共和國》,王煥生譯,上海:上海人民出版。
David Boucher、Andrew Vincent,2013,《自由主義與人權:英國觀念論的觀點》, 許家豪譯,曾國祥主編,高雄:巨流圖書。
A. P. d’Entreves,1996,《自然法》,李日章譯,台北:聯經出版。
G. W. F. Hegel,1985,《法哲學原理》,范揚、張企泰譯,台北:里仁書局。
Thomas Hobbes,2003,《論公民》,應星、馮克利譯,貴州:貴州人民出版。
Thomas Hobbes,2012,《利維坦》,黎思复、黎廷弼譯,北京:商務。
John Stuart Mill,2008,《功利主義》,徐大建譯,上海:上海世紀出版。
Leo Strauss,2001,《霍布斯的政治哲學:基礎與起源》申彤譯,南京:譯林出版。
Leo Strauss,2005,《自然權利與歷史》,彭剛譯,台北:左岸文化出版。
Raymond Wacks,2008,《法哲學:價值與事實》,譚宇生譯,南京:譯林出版。

二、期刊文章
Gaus, Gerald F.. 2005. “Green's Rights Recognition Thesis and Moral Internalism.” The British Journal of Politics & International Relations 7(1): 5-17.
Hinton, Timothy. 2001. “The Perfectionist Liberalism of T. H. Green.” Social Theory and Practice 27(3): 473-499.
Nesbitt, Darin R.. 2001. “Recognizing Rights: Social Recognition in T. H. Green's System of Rights.” Polity 33(3): 423-437.

三、專書章節
Boucher, David. 2003. “The Transition from Natural Rights to the Culture of Human Rights.” In: Multiculturalism, Identity and Rights, eds. Haddock, Bruce A., and Sutch, Peter. London: Routledge, 196-213.
Brink, David O.. 2006. “Self-Realization and the Common Good: Themes in T. H. Green.” In T. H. Green: Ethics, Metaphysics, and Political Philosophy, eds. Dimova-Cookson, and Mander, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 17-46.
Gaus, Gerald F.. 2006. “The Rights Recognition Thesis: Defending and Extending Green.” In T. H. Green: Ethics, Metaphysics, and Political Philosophy, eds. Dimova-Cookson, and Mander, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 209-235.
Richter, M.. 1987. “Green, Thomas Hill.” in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Political Thought, eds. D. Miller, Oxford: Blackwell, 183–6.
Simhony, Avital. 2006. “Rights that Bind: T. H. Green on Rights and Community.” In T. H. Green: Ethics, Metaphysics, and Political Philosophy, eds. Dimova-Cookson, and Mander, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 236-261.
Simhony, Avital. 2001. “T. H. Green’s Complex Common Good: Between Liberalism and Communitarianism”, In The New Liberalism: Reconciling Liberty and Community, eds. Simhony and Weinstein, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 69-91.
Tyler, Colin. 2002. “Thomas Hill Green.” In Dictionary of Nineteenth Century British Philosophers (2 volumes), eds. Mander, and Sell, Bristol: Thoemmes, 449-454.
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