瑩蝦為暖水表層性之浮游性蝦類，在熱帶、副熱帶海域是十足目浮游動物中重要的組成種類。本研究首次針對海洋浮游動物中之瑩蝦類在台灣周邊海域進行大範圍之調查研究，樣品來自2005年1月(冬季)和7月(夏季)於台灣周邊海域由水試一號進行採樣之62個測站，以及2011年至2012年之間由海研三號於台灣西南海域採樣之10個測站。研究期間共發現一屬四種，分別為: 中型瑩蝦(Lucifer intermedius)、刷狀瑩蝦(Lucifer penicillifer)、正型瑩蝦(Lucifer typus)、漢森瑩蝦(Lucifer hanseni)。此四種瑩蝦在台灣周邊海域的2005年1月的平均豐度為111 ± 28 ind./100 m3，2005年7月為2769 ± 707 ind./100 m3，其中前三種瑩蝦在冬夏兩季的相對豐度高達99%以上。分析結果顯示瑩蝦類豐度有明顯的季節變化且與溫度、鹽度有顯著的相關性，且瑩蝦類群聚的時空分布和水團分布吻合，代表與不同水團之溫鹽特性有關。如冬季時瑩蝦類僅出現在黑潮和黑潮支流經過的區域，而低溫低鹽的中國沿岸流中沒有瑩蝦出現；夏季瑩蝦豐度高峰出現在台灣海峽高溫低鹽的區域，水文特徵與南海表層流相似。台灣西南海域測站位置在台灣周邊海域的範圍內，但測站位置離岸較近，且各站之間距離較近，在此發現台灣周邊海域數量很少的漢森瑩蝦。漢森瑩蝦於台灣周邊海域冬、夏兩季都只在一個測站出現 (冬季平均豐度 : 0.14 ± 0.14 ind./100 m3；夏季平均豐度 : 1.20 ± 1.20 ind./100 m3 )，而在西南海域漢森瑩蝦數量最高的季節，其豐度值為32 ± 31 ind./100 m3，近岸之數量顯著大於離岸，且豐度與葉綠素a濃度呈顯著正相關。綜合台灣周邊海域和西南海域的研究結果顯示，中型瑩蝦、刷狀瑩蝦、以及正型瑩蝦的分布主要受到溫度影響，其次為鹽度，偏好高溫低鹽的環境，而漢森瑩蝦為近岸種類，數量與分布情形與葉綠素a濃度有關。另外藉由台灣周邊海域水團的指示種分析，發現刷狀瑩蝦和正型瑩蝦可作為夏季南海表層流的指示種，而正型瑩蝦可作為冬季黑潮的指示種。

The species of genus Lucifer are epiplanktonic shrimps, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical waters; usually form a major component of the planktonic decapods. This is the first extensive survey of Lucifer assemblages in relation to hydrographical factors in the waters surrounding Taiwan. Samples were collected during two seasonal cruises of Fishery Research I in January (winter) and July (summer) of 2005 in the waters around Taiwan, and four seasonal cruises of Ocean Research III from October 2011 to December 2012 in the neritic water off southwestern Taiwan.
Four species of the genus Lucifer were identified from the study area, which were Lucifer intermedius, L. penicillifer, L. typus, and L. hanseni. In the waters around Taiwan, L. intermedius, L. penicillifer, and L. typus contributed > 99% of the numerical total of Lucifer, with mean abundance of 111 ± 28 ind./100 m3 in winter, and 2769 ± 707 ind./100 m3 in summer. Abundance of Lucifer and hydrographic conditions showed clear seasonal changes. Lucifer abundance was highly correlated with temperature and salinity, implying a closely relation with water masses. In winter, Lucifer was present in the warm area where Kuroshio Current and Kuroshio Branch Current prevailed, while almost none was found in cold and low-salinity China Coastal Current. During summer, peak of Lucifer abundances occurred in Taiwan Strait where was dominated by warm and lower saline South China Sea Surface Current. Lucifer hanseni was relatively scarce during Fishery Research I cruises in the waters around Taiwan, but we discovered L. hanseni was abundant during Ocean Research III cruises in the neritic waters off southwestern Taiwan. L. hanseni abundance showed significantly higher at inshore stations than at offshore stations and was positively correlated with chlorophyll a concentration. Analysis of indicator species showed that L. typus and L. penicillifer could be indicator species of South China Sea Surface Current in summer, and L. typus could be an indicator species of Kuroshio Current in winter.

謝辭+i
摘要+ii
Abstract+iii
目錄+iv
表目錄+vii
圖目錄+ix
附錄+xi
一、前言+1
1.1台灣水文環境+1
1.2瑩蝦類簡介+2
1.3瑩蝦類相關研究文獻+3
1.3.1鑑種相關文獻+3
1.3.2 瑩蝦類在海洋浮游動物中之重要性+4
1.3.3世界各地分布+4
1.4 研究目的+5
二、材料與方法+6
2.1資料收集+6
2.1.1採樣時間及地點+6
2.1.2水文資料收集+6
2.1.3浮游動物樣本採集+6
2.2資料分析+7
2.2.1水文資料分析+7
2.2.2浮游動物樣本分析+7
2.2.3統計分析+8
2.2.4群集分析(Cluster analysis)+9
三、結果+10
3.1台灣周邊海域+10
3.1.1台灣周邊海域的水文環境變化+10
3.1.2 台灣周邊海域瑩蝦類時空分布與種類組成+11
3.1.3群集分析結果+12
(1) 台灣周邊海域水文因子站群分析+12
(2)台灣周邊海域瑩蝦類群聚分析+13
3.1.4台灣周邊海域瑩蝦類與水文因子之相關性分析+14
3.1.5台灣周邊海域瑩蝦類指示種分析+14
3.2 台灣西南海域+15
3.2.1 水文環境及瑩蝦類豐度變化+15
3.2.2 瑩蝦類與水文因子之相關性分析+16
3.2.3 瑩蝦類近岸離岸之豐度差異+16
四、討論+17
4.1水文環境因子探討+17
4.2 瑩蝦類時空分布之探討+18
4.3瑩蝦類與水文因子相關性探討+20
4.4水團變化對瑩蝦類的影響+21
五、結論+23
六、參考文獻+24

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