豬、鼠和人類都是脊椎哺乳動物，有90%以上之基因相通性。實驗豬與實驗鼠具有種純、體型小、大量繁殖與生命期短等優勢，且組織結構和生理代謝與人類相近，使實驗豬與實驗鼠成為生醫工程界替代人類研究的最佳工具。本論文研究主題為哺乳類動物骨骼之生物力學性質，目的即為研究骨骼組織在受外力作用下的力學特性。
本文研究方法第一部份先以接觸力學為基礎配合微米級壓痕實驗與有限元素法模擬對不同保存處理方式之豬軟骨(Cartilage)組織試片進行生物力學性質分析；第二部份則以三點彎矩法對不同年齡小鼠之橈骨(Radius)進行生物力學強度分析與比較，接著以拉伸試驗討論顱骨(Cranium)與顱縫(Cranial suture)的力學特性，最後運用奈米級光學干涉法對小鼠顱骨進行表面量測，建構顱骨之三維模型；第三部份則運用傅利葉轉換法對人類顱縫生物形貌圖案(Pattern)量化藉以討論其與年齡之關係。
利用本文所提出之技巧將可成功的對實驗小豬與實驗小鼠不同部位之骨骼進行生物力學性質進行分析，並進一步由力學觀點探討一些醫學症狀(如骨質疏鬆症，顱縫癒合過早症等)之機制與人類顱縫成長複雜度與年齡之關連性。因此，本文主要貢獻為建立一套對哺乳動物骨骼實用之生物力學性質量測與特性分析技術。

Pigs, mice and human beings are all vertebrate mammals. More than 90% of genomes in pigs and mice are the same as human beings. Experiment pigs and mice are with advantages in purebloods, small size, high reproductive capacity and short life cycle, etc. The tissue structure and metabolism of physiology in pig and mice are similar to human as well. Therefore, laboratory pigs and mice are often used to substitute human beings for biomedical engineering test. The research topics of this thesis are in the area of biomechanical properties of bones in mammal. The objectives of the study are to reveal the biomechanical properties of various types of bones and discuss its implication to human development.
The entire thesis is divided into three parts. The first topic used micro-indentation test and FEM analysis for the determination of biomechanical properties of controlled cartilages in pigs. The second topic applied (a) three-point-bend failure test to study the age-related radius strength in mice, (b) tensile test to study the mechanical response of cranial sutures in mice, and (c) optical interferometry for 3D profile determination of mouse cranium. The third topic is for quantitative analysis of patterns in cranial sutures using DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform).
The mechanism of diseases (such as osteoporosis, craniosynostosis, etc.) and the complexity of patterns in human cranial sutures in different age groups are discussed.

List of Tables iii
List of Figures iv
摘要 ix
Abstract x
Nomenclature xi
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Review of literature 2
1.3 Research motivation and purpose 9
Chapter 2 Biomechanical Properties Analysis of Different Preserved Cartilages in
Pigs 14
2.1 Introduction 14
2.2 Materials 14
2.3 Methods 15
Chapter 3 Mechanical Properties Measurement and Application of Radius and Cranium in Mice 23
3.1 Biomechanical Properties Measurement of Age-related Radius 23
3.2 Mechanical Properties Measurement of Cranial bone and Cranial Suture 25
3.3 3D Surface Profile Measurement of Cranium by using the Hybrid Method of
Gray-level and Optical interferometry 28
Chapter 4 Mechanical Aspects of Human Sutural Development 46
4.1 Introduction 46
4.2 Materials 46
4.3 Methods 47
Chapter 5 Results and Discussions 63
5.1 Biomechanical Properties Analysis of Different Preserved Cartilages in Pigs 63
5.2 Mechanical Properties Measurement and Application of Radius and Cranium 64
5.3 Mechanical Aspects of Human Sutural Development 74
Chapter 6 Summary and Future Prospects 115
6.1 Summary 115
6.2 Future Prospects 116
References 118
VITA 124

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