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博碩士論文 etd-0125103-114940 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0125103-114940
論文名稱
Title
電腦整合製造系統導入與組織調適之研究-以IC封裝測試業為例
A study of CIM implementation and Adaptation of Organization - IC Assembly and testing semi-industry
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
166
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2003-01-14
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2003-01-25
關鍵字
Keywords
系統導入、系統整合、電腦整合製造系統、管理調適
system integration, organization adaptation, system implementation, CIM
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5904 times, has been downloaded 119 times.
中文摘要
目前產業所面臨之競爭環境挑戰有:產品生命週期變短;顧客要求交貨期縮短;產品功能或特徵的多樣性及高品質;採用更先進的製程生產與資訊科技;全球化、客製化的市場行銷、即時性的製造與管理、產能需求的不確定性;在利潤趨薄的狀況下,需透過全方位的規劃,以增加競爭力;市場發展朝向水平/垂直整合,策略聯盟。因此,近年來在半導體業電子化中,強調以製造流程導向,已先進資訊科技整合企業內部製造資源(人、機、物)之電腦整合製造系統更是備受矚目。
企業導入電腦整合製造系統主要動機有:減少人力、提高品質、縮短交期、降低庫存、提高稼動率、加速市場反應、工廠之彈性提高。此外,以半導體產品代工為主要方向的台灣IC封裝測試產業,所面臨的環境壓力更為強大,跨國性大廠紛紛要求協力廠商導入CIM 系統,以發揮供應鏈管理之綜效;因此企業未達到客戶之需求紛紛導入CIM系統,以提昇企業整體競爭力、同時提高同業進入門檻。
如何享有電腦整合製造系統導入效益及綜效,是企業引進新科技後所面臨之最大課題。有鑑於此,本研究從技術面、系統達交面及企業績效面與組織面互動的觀點來探討CIM系統導入與組織調適之影響,並運用個案研究方法,針對台灣四家已導入電腦整合製造系統之IC封裝測試業之公司,進行實地探談,藉以了解電腦整合製造系統導入與組織管理調適之情況。
研究發現,四家個案企業之系統達交,皆以系統內建流程塑模工具作為企業製造流程模組化之依據,再透過CIM與ERP之系統整合及流程整合,促使資訊流以及組織內部更緊密結合。系統之整合度與內建之典範流程為科技面之兩大效益,促成組織轉變,經由系統內建之流程引導,不斷調適學習,獲得導入之潛在綜效;然而,使用企業亦必須承擔系統功能不適切與以系統流程作為企業再造依據所帶來之衝擊與風險。系統適切性不足與系統移植為科技面之兩大危害,導致組織承受軟體專案風險以及組織內部之調解與系統修正等隱藏成本。
最後,本研究依研究結果指出三點系統與組織之間成功的調適之需求條件:1. CIM系統與ERP系統之整合;2.CIM系統本身之規格相容性及內建之流程塑模工具之使用;3.內部流程之調適,包括內部變革管理、資訊部門協調之角色及KU之教育訓練。上述所提之三點可以有效的減少CIM系統導入時所產生之組織調適之問題有助於流程的整合與提升導入綜效。



Abstract
Industries are facing more and more challenges with shorter product life span, shorter cycle time demand from customers, diverse product features, adopting advanced processes, global marketing, time demanding manufacturing and management, uncertainty of forecast, and pressure of price cut, etc. To manage all the aspects, industries are requires to re-engineer their companies to improve competitiveness. Therefore, in recent years. CIM, which emphasize on integrating in-house resources,is getting higher attentions from semiconductor companies.
The main motive to introduce CIM is to reduce manpower, improve product quality, shorten cycle time, lower inventory, increase efficiency, react to fast changing market and enhance production flexibility. Especially on semi-conductor assembly and test sub-contacting business, due to strong request from IDM customers to manage their supply chain, companies are introducing CIM systems to fulfill the customer requirement and enhance competitiveness, meanwhile elevate the entry barrier as well.
How to benefit from CIM are the new challenges to the companies who bring in such system. Thus, this research applies Leonard-Barton’s perspective as the reference
Structure and adopts case study methodology to investigate how the three dimensions
(Technical, delivery system and organizational performance) could be related to the four
Chosen companies of IC Assembly and testing manufacture. The data was collected mainly
Through semi-structured interviews. By doing the above, this research would like to explore the relationship between CIM implementation and organizational adaptation.
The research results indicated that manufacture flow module in these four cases was conducted according to the built-in system flows modeling of the CIM package adopted, then through by the system and flow integration of CIM and ERP
to make the information flow and internal organization more close. The system integrity and the paradigm of built-in flow are the main benefits derived from CIM implementation from the technology perspective. Guided by the built-in flow, the company can adapt itself through learning and obtain potential synergy. However, by so doing, the company is exposed to the risk of system function inadequacy and the deleterious impact brought by BPR, which is conducted without active participation of the user organization. In summary, the potential hazard of technology dimension comes from system function inadequacy and system transplant without conducting proper BPR. This in turn will increase the risk of software project and incur potential costs such as compromise and system tuning.
Lastly, we found three key factors to the successful adaptation between CIM system and organization. 1. Integration between CIM and ERP. 2. Specification and compatibility of CIM and usage of build-in flow modeling tools. 3. Internal flow adaptation including internal change management, coordination among associated information departments, and KU educational trainings. The mentioned three points are keys to minimize the problems of organization adaptation and help to smoothen the manufacturing flow integration and improve the overall performance when CIM system implement in the industries.



目次 Table of Contents
目 錄
第一章、 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機 3
第三節 研究目的 5
第四節 研究範圍 7
第五節 論文架構 8
第二章、 文獻探討 9
第一節 半導體封裝測試業產品生產流程之探討 9
一、封裝業產品生產流程概述 9
二、測試業產品生產流程概述 11
三、IC封裝測試業現場生產流程之特色 22
第二節 電腦整合製造系統 25
一、電腦整合製造系統之發展狀況 25
二、電腦整合製造系統之定義 28
三、電腦整合製造之特徵、功能面 30
第三節、導入電腦整合製造系統相關議題探討 41
一、科技面(Technical) 41
二、系統達交面(Delivery System) 44
三、績效指標面(Performance Criteria) 55
四、系統整合-CIM與ERP之整合 60
第四節導入CIM系統之關鍵議題與關鍵成功因素 77
第三章、 研究設計與方法 79
第一節 研究架構 79
第二節 研究方法 81
第三節 分析層次及單元 84
第四節 個案公司選擇 84
第五節 研究步驟 85
第六節 資料來源 86
第七節 訪談問卷之設計 86
第八節 研究品質 87
第四章、 個案討論與分析 88
第一節 個案企業使用之CIM軟體 88
一、PROMIS 88
二、FACTORYworks 92
三、PROMIS 與 FACTORYworks 功能比較 96
第二節 A 公司 101
一、個案公司簡介 101
二、CIM系統導入歷程 103
三、個案分析 112
第三節 C 公司 115
一、個案公司簡介 115
二、CIM系統導入歷程 117
三、個案分析 123
第四節 T 公司 126
一、個案公司簡介 126
二、CIM系統導入歷程 128
三、個案分析 134
第五節 W 公司 137
一、個案公司簡介 137
二、CIM系統導入歷程 139
三、個案分析 145
第六節、綜合分析 148
第五章、 結論與建議 152
第一節結論 152
一、研究命題建立 152
第二節研究限制 158
一、研究方法之限制 158
二、資料提供者之偏差(Bias) 158
三、對組織內部隱諱部分缺乏足夠了解 158
四、有效個案難以取得 158
五、研究時間限制 158
第三節後續研究建議 159
參考文獻 160
英文文獻 162
附錄、IC封裝測試業導入CIM系統與組織管理調適之問卷 167





圖 目 錄
圖1-1研究動機、與背景之分析表目的
圖2-1記憶體晶圓測試詳細流程…………………………………….……………12
圖2-2記憶體成品測試詳細流程……………………………………….………….17
圖2-3測試流程圖…………………………………………………….………….…20
圖2-4資訊系統的發展………………………………………………………….…25
圖2-5工廠管理的架構……………………………………………………….……28
圖2-6核心功能分析圖……………………………………………………….……31
圖2-7 FA系統之標準模式…………………………………………………….…..38
圖2-8 FA標準模式之電腦網路架構圖………………………………………...…38
圖2-9 CIM 系統達交構面之影響要素…………………………………………...44
圖2-10 新科技對組織重要程度與實際衝擊程度的影響之衡量………….…….54
圖2-11 資訊的主要任務………………………………………………….…….....59
圖2-12 ERP與MES缺失整合圖示..…………………………………….……...…63
圖2-13 規劃階層與執行階層之間的資料流動……………………...….……...…66
圖2-14 控制階層與執行階層之間的資料流動………………………….…......…67
圖2-15 Inventory與MES整合流程….……………..………………...….…......…69
圖2-16 WIP生產展BOM領料的作業流程….………………………….…......…71
圖2-17 ERP與MES整合流程….………….….……………………………......…71
圖2-18 ERP與MES整合流程….………….….……………………………......…75
圖3-1修正後失衡模式…………………………………………………………..…79
圖3-2企業導入CIM系統之影響構面……………………………………….…...79
圖4-1 PROMIS開放性系統架構……..……………………………………….…...89
圖4-2 Factoryworks軟體架構圖………………..………………………………….92
圖4-3 Factoryworks client server架構圖...……..………………………………….93
圖4-4 Factoryworks 導入方法論……………..……………………………...…….94
圖4-5 A公司2002-2004產品發展時程表……..…………………………………101
圖4-6 A公司組織圖……………………..……..…………………………………102
圖4-7 A公司資訊系統架構圖…………..……..…………………………………103
圖4-8 A公司資訊系統架構圖…………..……..…………………………………105
圖4-9 MES 系統關聯圖………………..……..……………………………….…106
圖4-10 產品技術演進圖…….………………..……………………………….…115
圖4-11 C公司組織架構圖……………..……..……………………………….…116
圖4-12 C公司資訊系統架構圖………..……..……………………………….…117
圖4-13 CIM PROJECT TEAM組織圖………..…………………………….……118
圖4-14 T公司產品技術圖……………………..…………………………….……125
圖4-15 T公司組織圖…………………..……..…………………………….….…126
圖4-16 CIM系統架構圖………………..……..…………………………….……128
圖4-17 T公司專案組織圖………….…..……..…………………………….….…129
圖4-18 W公司專案組織圖……….…..……..……………………………....……137
圖4-19 W公司組織圖………….…..……..……………………………..……..…137
圖4-20 CIM 專案組織圖………..……………………………………….….……139
圖4-21 MES系統關聯圖………..……………………………………….….….…139
圖5-1 CIM系統導入調適架構.………...……………………………….….….…155

表 目 錄
表2.1資訊科技在晶圓代工產業的策略角色………...…………………………...25
表2.2知識階段量表與主要內容………...………………………………………...41
表2.3資訊科技引進各階段之管理重點與關鍵成功因素分析表………………..47
表2.4 CIM 系統導入成本效益分析…...………………………………..………...57
表2.5 Melnyk 等人所提現場管理資訊系統的製造資料………………..……….64
表2.6 Bauer 等人所提現場管理資訊系統在生產單元層的製造資料…………..65
表2.7企業導入CIM 系統三大影響構面之關鍵成功因素……………………..76
表3.1不同研究策略之相關狀況…………………………………………………..80
表3.2個案研究、調查研究與實驗設計之比較…………………………………..80
表3.3訪談對象……………………………………………………………………..85
表4.1 Factoryworks 教育訓練課程對象彙總表…………………………………..94
表4.2 PROMIS 與 FACTORYworks 功能比較表………………………...……..95
表4.3 A公司之需求VS顧問公司Solution……………………………….……..104
表4.4 A公司CIM導入時間表……………………………………………………106
表4.5 A公司流程調適之重點及系統改善功能面……………………..….……..108
表4.6 A公司個案分析彙整…………………………………………..…………..111
表4.7 C公司流程調適過程…………………………………………..…………..119
表4.8機台之各種介面表…………………………………………..……………..120
表4.9 C公司個案分析彙整………………………………………..……………..123
表4.10 T公司流程調適過程……………………………………..…………...…..130
表4.11 T公司個案分析彙整……………………………………..…………...…..133
表4.12 W公司流程調適過程…………...………………………..…………...…..141
表4.13 W公司流程調適過程…………...………………………..…………...…..141
表4.14 W公司個案分析彙整…………...………………………..…………...…..144

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