政治哲學與社會學的主流傳統強調共同體，並在此一前提下探討社會秩序如何可能？兩者皆傾向於相信，共同體必須或深或淺地具備一致之共同秩序－－正義的規範。這正義乃是建立在共識之上，也是一致且具有同一性的規則。然而不論近代之自由主義、相對主義或多元主義等莫不承認或甚至強調差異。在此前提下，社會秩序如何可能形成？是否演變成為失序社會（anomie）？
針對此一根本問題，本文擬從後結構主義解構哲學的角度研究正義共通體的問題，主要依循德希達的理念說明，在以差異為基礎的社會上，一種不斷基進化分／共享協議之社會的可能出路。此共享理解是在延異的世界觀、解構的倫理學（諸如：無限責任、好客、友愛的協議／跨－行動、正義）的基礎之上所展開，是以雖然保持差異，但能感知地分／共享－他人、共榮他人，乃是一個可能的來臨；它同時可實踐為德希達的世界主義、世界化、「新國際」與「將臨的民主」。
共享是不可能完全達成的共通體，只能不斷在現世實踐中趨近；共享永無止境，唯有保持解構的倫理精神，乃能永保趨近。

Western political theories and sociological theories has a main stream which believes in the possibility of community and the possibility the of social order. While assuming the possibility of social order, the imagination was mostly order under an either thick or thin consensus of justice, which meant identity and common rules. While dealing with justice, liberalism, relativism, multiculturalism, pluralism etc. … all deal with differences and try to find a balance between differences and identifying juridical rules. How can we think of a community with paying respect to limitless difference? Would society become chaotic and anomic?
This thesis tries to cope with justice in communities with differences. Trying to decipher Derrida’s deconstruction philosophy, I tried to draw the outline of how and why differences in community could communicate and share the world justly. A society based on difference needs a radicalizing sharing-out spirit, which should be based on a worldview of différance and deconstructive ethics (eg.: infinite responsibility, welcoming-other-hospitality, transactive friendships and justice）. While keeping our differences, if we can sensible share out these differences, then a difference-sharing com-munity can be on the road (to-come). Practicing this can also be a realizing of Derrida’s mondialisation, New International and “deomcracy-to-come”.
A totally common-sharing community can never be achieved, but it can be pursued toward. If we keep the track of deconstruction, we are on the road of letting it “to-come”.

論文審定書 i
謝辭 iii
中文摘要 v
Abstract vi
目錄 vii
第一章 差異共在是否可能 1
第一節 問題意識 1
第二節 研究方法及架構 10
第二章 解構世界觀 13
第一節 延異的文本觀與元書寫 13
第二節 魂有學 22
第三節 解構是什麼？ 29
小結 36
第三章 解構的倫理 38
第一節 「不－可能性」與無限的責任 39
第二節 好客的倫理 44
第三節 友愛與政治 52
小結 64
第四章 趨向差異共在的政治倫理 65
第一節 世界主義與解構的正義 65
第二節 新國際與世界主義 72
第三節 「將臨的民主」 77
小結 83
第五章 追求一個差異共存的世界：問題與展望 84
參考文獻外文書目表縮寫 （德希達相關） 90
參考文獻 92

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