自2001年開始，仿濕地特性做模場試驗研究進而施作人工濕地廢水現地處理育等自然處理、生態保育等相關議題蔚為風潮，政府相關單位積極補助人工濕地淨水工程與生態復育等等計畫。然而，在施作人工濕地後，少部分工程案因成效不彰；因此，有關單位開始檢討並進行相關計畫的成效評估，同時亦減少補助對人工濕地施作的計畫案。
有鑑於此，本研究蒐集國內外濕地評估及評價方法，初期透過建立人工濕地計畫的整合性評估流程後，進行二階段人工濕地功能評估問卷，依據文獻資料及DPSIR模式、設計專家問卷，並以功能指標關聯性評估分析，發展出整合性人工濕地功能評估系統。進行問卷前，先進行篩選問卷指標項目問卷，將濕地功能評估項目，劃分為生物條件評估、非生物條件及價值評估3個面向，9個主指標及58項次指標。研究結果顯示，一般人工濕地運作評核項目下，應可加重水文與地質、景觀設置及社經面的公眾意識及教育這方面的權重，但若能加權人工濕地生態功能之植物物種與族群指標，應能加強人工濕地評估的完整性。接著，依據篩選後的功能指標內容，5項指標，32項次指標，進行二階段專家問卷，由問卷結果，確定6項功能面向，13項指標，30項次指標以及61項變數，以各指標間所對應之指標關聯性作為係數，及各指標問卷所得之適切重要性作為個別功能數值，建立人工濕地功能指標評估架構以及評估模式。
經由上述研究建立之人工濕地功能評估模式，於大鵬灣六處人工濕地之案例分析後，其濕地所呈現之功能與當初設置目的相符。未來可再修正功能評估內容，作為長期性評估，並將其間人工濕地之變化資訊化，建置成大鵬灣人工濕地功能評估之網站系統，可隨時查詢歷年功能變化，作為鵬管處監督管理參考。甚至可以發展成快速評估濕地功能網站，開放給參觀濕地的民眾上網查詢濕地功能，同時可作為即時監控濕地動態，協助濕地經營單位監督管理。

Since 2001, the simulated-field tests and researches with simulations for wetland characteristics and then with the constructions for relevant issues, such as natural treatment and ecological conservation, about the on-site waste water treatment by constructed wetlands (CWs), have been a trend. And the relevant governmental authorities subsidize actively the plans regarding CW water purification engineering and ecological restoration. Nevertheless, the effects of some construction projects for the CWs are poor so that the relevant authorities begin to review them and evaluate the effects of relevant plans and decrease the subsidy to the construction plans for the CWs.
Owning to that, the methods, no matter domestic or foreign, used to evaluate and assess wetlands were collected in the current study. Initially, after the integrative evaluation procedures for CW plans were set up, the two-stage CW function evaluation questionnaire survey was conducted, the literature data and the DPSIR model were applied, the expert questionnaire was designed, and the integrative evaluation system for CW functions was developed through the function indicator correlation evaluation and analysis. Prior to the aforesaid survey, the questionnaire survey used to screen the questionnaire indicator items was conducted, which divided the wetland function evaluation items into three phases, biological condition evaluation, non-biological condition evaluation, and value evaluation, nine major indicators and 58 sub-indicators. The study results showed that, under general CW operation evaluation items, the weight of indicators such as “hydrology and geology”, “landscape setting”, and “public awareness and education” must be increased and the evaluation would be more complete if the weight of indicator “plant species and population” for CW ecological function was strengthened. Subsequently, based on the contents of the selected function-indicators, five indicators and 32 sub-indicators, the two-stage expert questionnaire was administered. With the results of the questionnaire, six phases, 13 indicators, 30 sub-indicators and 61 variables were confirmed. With the indicator correlation between the indicators as a coefficient, and the adequate importance obtained from the questionnaire for the indicators as an independent function value, the structure and mode for CW function indicator evaluation were set up.
With the CW function evaluation mode set up in this study, the case analyses for the six CWs in Dapeng Bay suggested that the functions presented in the six CWs met the original purposes for building the six CWs. In the future, the contents of the function evaluation could be modified further for long-term evaluation. And the CW changes could be Informatized for the establishment of the Dapeng Bay CW function evaluation website system for search for the function changes that occurred in the past years and for the Dapeng Bay authorities to refer to for monitoring and management. Even it could be developed to be a website for rapid CW function evaluation, opened to the public that search for wetland functions on web after visiting the wetlands. Simultaneously, it could be used for real-time monitoring of wetland dynamics in assisting the wetland operation units to monitor and manage the wetlands.

目 錄

謝誌………………………………………………………………………..…………..ii
摘要…………………………………………………………………………...………iii
Abstract…………………………………………………….………………………...iv
目錄………………………………..………………………………………………….vi
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………….viii
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………....x
第一章 緒論 ............................................................................................................1
1.1 研究動機與背景 ................................................................1
1.2 研究目的 ............................................................................3
1.3 研究方法與流程 ................................................................5
第二章 文獻回顧 ........................................................................................................7
2.1 人工濕地發展歷程..............................................................7
2.1 人工濕地在環境保育與環境工程角色 ............................8
2.3 台灣人工濕地政策發展......................................................16
2.4 人工濕地建置....................................................................21
2.4.1 人工濕地建置目的以及原則性…………….…………………21
2.4.2 各國濕地評估建構情形………………….……………………21
2.4.3 人工濕地計畫流程範疇界定………………..…………………26
2.5 人工濕地功能指標............................................................36
2.5.1 人工濕地功能評估目的與原則性…….……………………36
2.5.2 探討人工濕地功能指標內容……….……………………..37
第三章 研究方法 .....................................................................44
3.1 建立人工濕地功能指標評估模式......................................45
3.2 數據收集和指標的重要性排序..........................................47
第四章 結果與討論 ........................................................................54
4.1 人工濕地計畫整合性評估………......................................54
4.1.1 人工濕地計畫施作流程…………….……………….…………..54
4.1.2 人工濕地計畫面向之關聯性評估及案例分析………………..……..55
4.2 人工濕地功能指標關聯性..................................................59
4.2.1 人工濕地功能指標關聯性探討………………….………………..59
4.2.2 人工濕地功能指標關聯性評估及案例分析……….……..……..77
4.3 人工濕地功能評估........................................................... 84
4.3.1 專家問卷審查結果…………..……………..……………………85
4.3.2 專家問卷審查關聯性分析………………………………………92
4.3.3 第二次專家審查結果…………………………………..………101
4.4 案例分析........................................................................... 116
第五章 結論與建議 ...........................................................................132
5.1 人工濕地施作計劃……………………………………………...132
5.2 人工濕地關聯性評估………………..…………………………132
5.3 人工濕地功能指標評估…………………….……………………..133
5.4 建議…………………………………………………………………135
參考文獻...................................................................................136
附錄………………………………………………………………………..145

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