本文針對國際關係理論中既存之二元對立思維進行討論，分別由國際體系與國際社會這兩個知識脈絡進行，重現這兩種知識脈絡如何維護與鞏固既存之主權國家體系，以及國際社會如何以西方價值做為世界最後之價值標準，將異己的主權國家或文化馴服進入自己的遊戲規則之中。這種對立思維的國關理論不但嚴重壓縮學術研究之議程，並且迴避第三世界人民所遭受的政治宰制與經濟剝削。然而，這種二元思維的傳統不是國際關係理論所獨有的現象，在社會學、哲學與神學等領域中也充斥許多非此即彼的二元觀，這種二元論述隨著歷史的發展與知識的傳播，被繼承、更新與再建構，豐富了二元對立的表現形式與應用範圍。

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目次
第一章 序論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 7
第三節 研究途徑 11
第四節 章節安排 12
第二章 二元對立觀的思想傳統 15
第一節 當代三大一神信仰中的二元觀 15
第一項 宗教二元論的起源 15
第二項 猶太教的神觀 17
第三項 基督教的神觀 19
第四項 伊斯蘭教的神觀 21
第二節 二元對立觀的社會心理學解釋 24
第一項 出於天性與恐懼本能的社會心理學觀點 24
第二項 差異的形成與詮釋 27
第三節 哲學與政治中的二元論 30
第一項 柏拉圖的理型次序與亞里斯多德的形上學 30
第二項 中世紀哲學的二元論述 32
第三項 近代政治的二元思維 34
第四節 小結 36
第三章 國際體系二元對立的知識絡 37
第一節 新現實主義的推論邏輯 37
第一項 Kenneth N. Waltz的結構理論 37
第二項 攻勢現實主義之主張 40
第二節 新自由主義理論者策略 43
第一項 經濟互賴論 43 第二項 民主和平論 45 第三項 國際制度理論 46
第三節 社會建構主義者的認識路徑 49
第一項 Nicholas Onuf之建構主義主張 49
第二項 Alexander Wendt的國際社會理論及其反思 52
第四節 自我封閉與排除異己的主權界線 59
第一項 反思主權概念 59
第二項 關於無政府狀態的污名化指控 61
第四章 國際社會理論二元對立的知識脈絡 65
第一節 文化統一的國際社會 65
第一項 社會化的國際社會 65 第二項 國家體系中的國際社會 67 第二節 以共同利益為基礎的國際社會 72
第一項 Hedley Bull的國際社會主張 72
第二項 Barry Buzan的世界歷史研究 77
第三節 團結主義的國際社會 80
第一項 多元主義與團結主義 79
第二項 主權原則與不干涉原則 81
第三項 國際合法性與人道干涉 83
第四節 對國際社會理論的批評 84
第五章 結論 89
參考文獻 93

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