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博碩士論文 etd-0201113-161410 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0201113-161410
論文名稱
Title
低污染機車引擎與燃料技術研究
Low-Emission Engine and Fuel Technology for Motorcycle
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
168
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2012-12-26
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2013-02-01
關鍵字
Keywords
機車、SI引擎、非線性控制、噴油系統、點火引擎
SI engines, motorcycle, spark-ignition engine, Fuel Injection system, nonlinear control, water-fuel emulsions
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5731 次,被下載 1495
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5731 times, has been downloaded 1495 times.
中文摘要
論 文 摘 要

本論文由污染法規之演進與對策技術開始探討,動力系統是一個整合電力與機械的領域,引擎的噴射系統發展來達到馬力及降低污染,再用油水乳化燃料降低因噴射系統加入後NOX 的提高,讓引擎運轉於最省油經濟的條件,使追求速度與降低污染兩者兼顧。
研究方法與目標,噴射系統依據引擎運轉的需求精準提供油料與點火控制,此油料是加入油水乳化 5%、10%及15%的純水並乳化,在固定的噴油時間與噴油量及固定點火角的控制中,有效的降低排氣中因高溫所產生的 NOX,結果BSNOX 分別減少 22.1%、 30.6% 及42.4%。但在商品化時,必須針對點火角度和噴油量依據各種運轉條件及油料而調整,本研究未進行探討。
改善油耗率,使用95+5%W及95+10%W的燃料時,BSFC分別比 95純無鉛汽油減少了 3.09% 及 4.64%,但使用 95+15%W 燃料則增加了 3.24%。然而本實驗是以總流入汽缸的混合燃料為計算,如要更準確精算燃料消耗,必須扣除其水的容量以得到真實的汽油消耗。
依據本研究參考相關機構而定義為 「能通過現今之EURO Ⅲ」 車款的引擎稱為 「低污染引擎」,研究載具採用的引擎已經滿足法規要求,而本研究的整體結果比原引擎佳,故已經滿足「低污染引擎」的水準。
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to apply an adaptive fuel injection control algorithm on a motorcycle engine and evaluate its performance. A highly nonlinear switching type EGO sensor is used to measure the air fuel ratio of the engine. In the research, the nonlinear control algorithm is developed based on a Lyapunov function. Furthermore, an observer is also applied to estimate the air flow rate into the combustion room, The results show that the air fuel ratio and engine speed are stable under steady manoeuvres and the air-fuel ration values are satisfactory.
This articls studied water-gasoline emulsion for reducing the NOX emissions of a motorcycle engine. Emulsified gasoline fuels of 0, 5, 10 and 15% water by volume were used in a four-stroke,125 cc, port injection, spark-ignition engine. Both full throttle speed ranging from 2,000 to 7,000 rpm and low load were tested. The engine torque, fuel consumption, exhaust emissions and combustion characteristics were investigated. The experimental results show that the engine torque and fuel consumption are improved for 5 and 10% water emulsions. However, at 15%, the engine torque and fuel consumption deteriorate and the exhaust temperature is increased owing to slow burn rate. The exhaust emissions of NOX and CO decrease as the water percentage in the emulsion increases. A higher oxygen concentration in exhaust gas of emulsified fuel was found, which results in lower CO emission. The HC emission is increased with increasing water content, which might be caused by the thicker quench layer of emulsified fuel combustion. An appropriate concentration of water in the emulsified gasoline fuel for a 125 cc motorcycle engine is found to 10%.
目次 Table of Contents
目 錄
謝誌 --------------------------------------------------- Ⅱ
目錄 --------------------------------------------------- Ⅲ
表目錄 ------------------------------------------------- Ⅴ
圖目錄 ------------------------------------------------- Ⅶ
符號說明 ----------------------------------------------- Ⅹ
論文摘要 --------------------------------------------- ⅩⅤ
壹、序論 ------------------------------------------------ 1
貳、研究動機 -------------------------------------------- 3
參、研究目的 -------------------------------------------- 5
肆、低污染引擎發展法規與對應技術 ------------------------ 7
4.1、法規的發展歷程 -------------------------------- 7
4.2、污染排出防治 ----------------------------------- 11
4.3、排氣中有害物質發生的因素與對應技術 ------------ 17
伍、低污染引擎技術 -------------------------------------- 22
5.1、氣道氣流的控制 --------------------------------- 22
5.2、燃燒室形狀 ------------------------------------- 26
5.3、噴射系統發展 ----------------------------------- 30
5.4、油水乳化燃料之使用 ----------------------------- 40
陸、實驗測試 -------------------------------------------- 52
6.1、引擎實驗 ---------------------------------- 52
6.2、四行程噴射系統的實驗 ----------------------- 57
6.3、四行程引擎油水乳化燃料之實驗分析 ------------------- 63
柒、結論與建議 ------------------------------------------ 78
7.1、噴射系統結論 ---------------------------------- 78
7.2、油水乳化燃料結論 ------------------------------ 80
7.3 建議及未來研究方向----------------------------- 82
捌、參考文獻 ------------------------------------------- 137
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