當併入電力系統的風場容量愈趨增加時，由於感應風力發電機運轉時須吸取虛功率，可能導致系統瞬間低電壓及穩定度的問題。另外，若系統發生短路故障而造成風機因低電壓而跳脫，會造成系統的發電量與用電量不平衡，則可能導致電力系統的不穩定。本論文比較了兩種不同的補償設備對風機低電壓忍受能力的影響，一種是以並聯補償方式之靜態同步補償器，另一種是以串聯補償方式之動態電壓恢復器。本論文使用Matlab模擬軟體來建立風力發電機與市電併聯的模組，模擬中所使用的風機類型為active stall控制的定速型感應發電機。本研究在兩個不同的系統模擬市電端的三相短路故障，比較補償設備對風機低電壓忍受能力的改善情況。模擬結果顯示，動態電壓恢復器相對於靜態同步補償器，在面對市電端有故障時其穩定性的表現比較好。

When more induction generator based wind farms are integrated into the power system, the system voltage dips and stability problems may arise due to the draw of reactive power by induction generators. The power system short-circuit event induced wind turbine trips could result in power imbalance and lead to power system instability. This thesis studies the influence of two compensation techniques on the wind turbine low voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability. One of which is based on a parallel compensation by a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), and the other one is a series compensation by a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). In this study, Matlab tools and models are used to simulate an active-stall controlled fixed-speed induction generator connected to a power system. Two system configurations are used to simulate three phase faults and compare the improvement of wind turbine LVRT capability due to the two studied compensation techniques. Simulation results indicate that wind turbine compensated by DVR would have better LVRT performance than that by STATCOM in dealing with the low voltage situations due to system faults.

摘要 I
Abstract I
目錄 I
圖目錄 III
表目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 風力發電現況簡介 2
1.3 風力發電機對低電壓之忍受能力相關研究 6
1.4 論文架構 10
第二章 分散型電源併聯規範探討 11
2.1 IEEE Standard 1547 分散式電源併網規範 11
2.2 各國電力公司對低電壓忍受能力要求 15
2.3 台灣電力公司之電力系統併聯準則 18
第三章 風機低電壓忍受能力的改善 22
3.1 風力發電系統 22
3.1.1 風力發電原理 22
3.1.2 三相感應發電機 24
3.1.3 感應發電機的轉子臨界轉速 28
3.2 加強低電壓忍受能力之方法 33
3.3 靜態同步補償器(STATCOM) 37
3.3.1 基本工作原理 37
3.3.2 同步旋轉座標轉換法 40
3.3.3 數學模型 42
3.3.4 控制模型 46
3.4 動態電壓恢復器(DVR) 47
3.4.1電壓相位變動法 47
3.4.2 控制模型 55
3.5 經補償之風機系統等效電路 60
第四章 模擬結果分析與比較 75
4.1 風力發電機電力輸出模擬 75
4.1.1 風速變化對風力發電機電力輸出的影響 75
4.1.2 實功變化與葉片角度的關係 77
4.2 風力發電機低電壓忍受能力模擬 80
4.2.1 並聯靜態同步補償器改善效果 82
4.2.2 串聯動態電壓恢復器改善效果 85
4.2.3 低電壓忍受曲線 89
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 96
5.1 結論 96
5.2 未來研究方向 97
參考文獻 99

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